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LIST OF HISTORICAL, ANTIQUARIAN,

AND BIOGRAPHICAL WORKS.

BY MR. NICOLAS:

SOLD BY

WILLIAM PICKERING, CHANCERY LANE.

HISTORY OF THE BATTLE OF AGINCOURT,

AND OF THE EXPEDITION OF HENRY V. INTO FRANCE, WITH
THE ROLL OF THE MEN AT ARMS IN THE ENGLISH ARMY. 8vO.

bds. Second edition. London, 1831.

This edition of the History of the Battle of Agincourt has been nearly
re-written, and many important additions have been made. Besides citing
the authorities for each assertion in the author's narrative, the authorities
themselves are translated and given at length at the end of the volume ;
so that every thing which has been said by contemporary writers of both
countries on the subject is collected, together with an account of the pre-
parations for the expedition from the public records.

THE PRIVY PURSE EXPENSES OF KING
HENRY THE EIGHTH, FROM NOVEMBER, 1529, TO

DECEMBER, 1532, WITH INTRODUCTORY REMARKS AND ILLUS-
TRATIVE NOTES. 8vo. II. Is. London, 1827.

" This volume presents an account of the sums paid out of the Privy
Purse of King Henry the Eighth ; and as every payment, whether for the
daily expenses of the Royal establishments, or for the gratification of his
Majesty's wishes, is minutely noticed, it must be evident that they afford
interesting information, not merely on the general Customs and Manners of
the times, but on the personal character of that Monarch, his occupations,
amusements, and places of residence. The MS. here printed contains what
may be termed Henry's personal expenses, whether arising from his pur-
chases, from his ' rewards' to those who brought him presents ; from his
losses at dice, cards, bowls, and other games ; from his attachment to Anne
Boleyn, or his favourite courtiers; or from the wages and liveries of his
servants, fools, jesters, and other minions. Of Anne Boleyn and her family
numerous curious particulars will be found, many of which tend to shew
the manner in which she was treated at Court from November, 1529, until
her elevation to the throne."— Preface.

III.

THE PRIVY PURSE EXPENSES OF ELIZA-
BETH OF YORK, AND THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF
EDWARD THE FOURTH. London, 8vQ. 1831.

The Privy Purse Expenses of Elizabeth, the Consort of Henry the Seventh,
in the last year of her life, contain notices of the sums paid for her travelling
expenses, for her clothes, for the furniture of her palaces, for her jewels, for
the support of her fools and minstrels, for her losses at cards, dice, and other
games, for the attendance of her physicians, for the wages of priests, for gra-
tuities to persons who brought presents, for her religious duties, and for the
support of her sisters and their children, &c. many of which throw much light
upon her personal character.

The Wardrobe Accounts of Edward the Fourth are chiefly valuable for
elucidating the manners, dresses, and furniture of our Ancestors in the
15th Century, more particularly in relation to the Court, and to persons of
rank ; and for the composition of Historical pictures, and for the stage.

The Memoirs of Elizabeth of York, and of her Sisters, and the Introduc-
tory Remarks which are prefixed to the volume, present new facts, and, it is
presumed, correct many important errors in the History of the Reigns of
Edward the Fourth, Richard the Third, and Henry the Fourth. — Preface.

JOURNAL OF THE EMBASSY OF THOMAS
BECKINGTON, SECRETARY TO HENRY vi. AFTERWARDS

BISHOP OF BATH ; SIR ROBERT ROOS, BANNERET ; AND SIR
. EDWARD HULL, K. G. TO NEGOTIATE A MARRIAGE BETWEEN
THE KING AND A DAUGHTER OJf THE COUNT OF ARMAGNAC IN
1442. WITH AN INTRODUCTION AND ILLUSTRATIVE NOTES.

The MS. printed, and where necessary, translated in this volume is no less
interesting to the Antiquary than valuable to the Historian. It contains
every particular relative to an event which has been but briefly noticed, and
presents much curious information on the Manners and Customs, and State
of the Arts in the middle of the Fifteenth century. Besides mentioning where
Beckington dined and supped every day, the names of his host and guests,
and other equally minute facts, descriptive of his voyage and journey, it
contains a copy of all Letters sent and received by him connected with his
mission, including several fiora HENRY THE SIXTH of considerable interest.
The Ambassadors proceeded from Windsor to Plymouth, where they em-
barked for Bourdeaux, and on their return landed at Falmouth. From the
paucity of Historical documents relating to the reign of Henry the Sixth,
the information afforded by this MS. on many subjects, but more particularly
on the state of Bourdeaux and its vicinity, when visited by Beckington, is
well deserving of attention.

MEMOIR OF AUGUSTINE VINCENT, WINDSOR

HERALD, TEMP. JAMES THE FIRST. WITH THE ADDENDA. Cr.

8vo, 5s. London, 1827.

" The merits of Augustine Vincent, the particulars of whose life- are now
for the first time collected, are well known to all who can appreciate the ser-
vices which he has rendered to antiquarian and genealogical researches ; nor
is his name unknown to more general readers, from the part which he took
in the celebrated controversy between Camden and Ralph Brooke, which
dispute is here fully canvassed." — Preface.

MEMOIRS OF LADY FANSHAWE, WIFE OF SIR

RICHARD FANSHAWE, BART. AMBASSADOR FROM CHARLES THE
SECOND TO THE COURTS OF PORTUGAL AND MADRID. WRITTEN
BY HERSELF, WITH AN INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR AND NOTES.

Second Edition, 1830.

CATALOGUE OF THE HERALD'S VISITA-
TIONS, WITH REFERENCE TO MANY OTHER VALUABLE GE-
NEALOGICAL AND TOPOGRAPHICAL MSS. IN THE BRITISH MU-
SEUM. 8vo, 5s. Second Edition. London, 1825.

" It is the object of this compilation to form an exact and convenient book
of reference to the copies of the Herald's Visitations in the British Museum.
Besides the many valuable collections noticed under the different counties, a
list is given of those genealogical and Jppographical MSS. which relate to
Scotland, Ireland, and Wales, and to the few connected with foreign pedi-
grees. At the end an account is given of such Heraldic MSS. as would be
of almost constant reference if they were generally known." — Preface.

OBSERVATIONS ON THE PRESENT STATE
OF HISTORICAL LITERATURE, ON THE SOCIETY

OF ANTIQUARIES, AND OTHER INSTITUTIONS FOR ITS ADVANCE-
MENT IN ENGLAND ; WITH REMARKS ON RECORD OFFICES AND
ON THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE RECORD COMMISSION. ADDRESSED
TO THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE HOME DEPARTMENT,

8vo, 1830. 7s. 6d.

PRIVY PURSE EXPENSES

of gorfc,

ETC.

PRIVY PURSE- EXPENSES OF

WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

CUtoarto fi)e jfottrtlj.

WITH A MEMOIR OF ELIZABETH OF YORK, AND NOTES.

BY NICHOLAS HARRIS NICOLAS, ESQ.

LONDON:

WILLIAM PICKERING.
MDCCCXXX.

484549

is.i.

N53

LONDON :

PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES,
Stamford Street.

TO
THE RIGHT HONORABLE

PERCY CLINTON SYDNEY SMYTHE,

VISCOUNT STRANGFORD AND BARON PENSHURST,

KNIGHT GRAND CROSS

OF THE MOST HONORABLE MILITARY ORDER OF THE BATH,
AND OF THE ORDER OF THE GUELPHS OF HANOVER,

AS A MARK OF RESPECT FOR

HIS HISTORICAL ACQUIREMENTS, AND OF

GRATITUDE FOR HIS FRIENDSHIP,

THIS VOLUME

IS DEDICATED
BY HIS OBLIGED AND FAITHFUL SERVANT,

THE EDITOR.

PREFACE.

THE value of "Privy Purse Expenses" of our
Sovereigns, in illustration of History, having been
so frequently pointed out, it is unnecessary to urge
the utility of this volume.

It has been edited upon the same plan as the
" Privy Purse Expenses of King Henry the Eighth,"
which were published about three years ago, since
which time numerous records of a similar de-
scription have been brought to light, the greater
part of which are scattered in various repositories,
and others are in the hands of private individuals.
Whenever the Government may think that the
muniments of the Country should be rendered
available for the elucidation of History, manu-
scripts of this nature ought to be among the first
which are collected and indexed, even if they be
not published by its authority. It is proper to
notice that copious extracts from the Privy Purse
Expenses of King Henry the Seventh, between

PKEFACE.

December, 1491, and March, 1505, have been
recently printed in the " Excerpta Historica,"
which are interesting additions to those of his
Queen ; and that similar accounts of the Prin-
cess, afterwards Queen, Mary, are in preparation
by Mr. Madden, of the British Museum, than
whom a more able Editor could not be desired.

In this volume, Memoirs of Elizabeth of York,
and of her sisters, will for the first time be found,
all of whom have been unaccountably neglected by
historical writers. These Memoirs present new
facts, and it is presumed correct many important
errors, in the History of the Reigns of Richard the
Third and Henry the Seventh.

For assistance in the compilation of the Notes,
the Editor is much indebted to his friends the
Reverend James Dallaway, and John Gage, of
Lincoln's Inn, Esq., to whom, and to Charles
George Young, Esq., York Herald, for the exer-
cise of his wonted kindness, he offers his warmest
thanks.

20M November, 1830.

INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.

THE Accounts which are contained in this volume
afford considerable information about the latter part
of the reigns of Edward the Fourth and Henry the
Seventh; and besides illustrating the manners of
the period, they throw light upon some points of
History, as well as upon the characters of Elizabeth
of York and her consort King Henry the Seventh,
and abound in notices of other eminent individuals.

WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF KING EDWARD
THE FOURTH.

The WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF KING EDWARD
THE FOURTH from the 18th April to the 29th Sep-
tember, 1480, though preceding, in point of time,
the Privy Purse Expenses of Elizabeth of York, are
placed at the end of the volume, because they are
inferior in interest ; and as might be expected,
they are chiefly valuable for the descriptions which
they contain of the costume of the monarch and his
court, for which purpose they were consulted by
the laborious Strutt. The original manuscript is
now in the Harleian Collection in the British Mu-

11 REMARKS ON THE WARDROBE

seum, and is numbered 4780, but extracts from it
only have been thought necessary for publication,
because the Inventories are repeated, and many
statements of a mere official nature are introduced,
which it is not desirable to print at length. All
the articles therein mentioned, together with the
names of persons, have been carefully copied ; and
little as such a record might appear to promise of
historical facts, it establishes one of very great im-
portance.

The Accounts commence with a statement of the
money received and expended for the King's ward-
robe. Each article is minutely described, and the
impressions created by the perusal are those of ad-
miration at the splendid appearance which persons
of rank must have presented, and of surprise at
the accuracy with which the delivery or purchase
of every trifle is recorded. Explanations of the
various things mentioned will be found in the
notes; and though they were compiled with great
labour, there are a few entries which could not be
illustrated, because words occur which it is presumed
have not been discovered in any other manuscript,
and it is seldom that a solitary example of the use
of a word enables an editor to satisfy himself of its
precise import.

Among the more interesting passages is the list
of some of Edward the Fourth's books, with a
description of their magnificent bindings. The price
of wages to workmen seems to have varied from

ACCOUNTS OF EDWARD IV. Ill

four-pence to six-pence a day, and the pay of the
Clerk of the Wardrobe was only a shilling. Infor-
mation will be found about the equipment of the
suite, and of the horses of the King ; and the idea
which the illuminated MSS. of the fifteenth century
afford of the gorgeous appearance of a tournament,
or other assembly of nobles on festive occasions, is
corroborated by these descriptions. It was always
the practice for the sovereign to present liveries
to the officers of his household, and his favourites,
and the notices of such presents are deserving of
attention, from their shewing the great change
which three centuries have produced in the feelings
and usages of society. To Lord Howard, after-
wards the first Duke of Norfolk, and " the Jocky of
Norfolk" of Shakespeare, his royal master gave nine
yards of black velvet ; and to the heir-apparent of
the Earl of Kent, for his marriage, a gown of blue
velvet. Gowns were also given to the Marquess
of Dorset and to Earl Rivers ; and coverings for bri-
gandines were given to Lord Audley, to Sir Thomas
Montgomery and to Sir Thomas Borough, two
Knights of the Garter.

Most of the persons thus favoured were relations
either of the King or of Elizabeth Wydeville his
Queen, and the others held situations in the house-
hold. The Prince of Wales, afterwards King Ed-
ward the Fifth, and his brother the Duke of York, are
mentioned as having received, the former, five yards
of white cloth of gold tissue, and the latter, by the

IV REMARKS ON THE WARDROBE

hands of his chamberlain, several yards of purple
velvet, black and green satin, and sarcenet for
gowns, as well as a mantle of the Order of the
Garter.

The slightest glance over these Accounts must
establish their value in elucidating the manners,
dresses, and furniture of our ancestors, and more
particularly in relation to the court and to persons
of rank, towards the close of the fifteenth century.
For the composition of historical pictures, and for
the stage, such a record is of the greatest utility ;
and even if it were confined to points which, with
the superciliousness of ignorance, it may be said
are only worthy of the attention of a frivolous anti-
quary, its value in illustration of history would
nevertheless be considerable.

It is as requisite for an Historian to be intimately
acquainted with the customs of the age of which
he writes, as for a traveller to reside some time in a
country before he attempts to describe the inhabit-
ants, lest he may consider peculiarities in dress or
conduct, which arise from personal caprice, as part
of the national character. This is fully exemplified
in the instance of a learned historian of the present
day, who, in treating of the character of Richard
the Third, ascribes to him a love of splendid clothes
and a taste for pomp, which in fact belonged to the
age and not to the individual. Of the mandate to
the Keeper of the Wardrobe to send various dresses
to the King at York, that writer says, " Richard

ACCOUNTS OF EDWARD IV.

specifies these with an exactness and descriptive
detail, as if they were as minutely registered in his
manly memory as in that of the Queen's mistress of
the robes. The abundance and variety of what he
sends for, imply a solicitude for his personal exhi-
bition, which we should rather look for from the
fop that annoyed Hotspur than from the stern and
warlike Richard ; but it was the foible of his heart,
and like all the secret idols of our self-love, it kept
its station within its interior temple, however bus-
tling and contrasted might be the living scenery
that surrounded it1." Again : " the King's splen-
dour necessarily outshone the duke of Buckingham's,
and from Richard's peculiar taste was ostentatiously
displayed. The ducal fop was transcended by the
royal coxcomb," &c. " Richard enjoyed his own
pomp with too much self-complacency to think of
the duke's feelings on this subject, unless to be
secretly gratified with his own superiority." " His
fastidious use and display of his regal state revealed
too large a personal vanity to create attachment.
Every one has too much of this weakness to endure
it from another, and as the pomp of Richard was
too expensive for the less affluent of the gentry, and
too self prominent not to make the wealthier feel a
great comparative diminution in his presence, it
increased instead of abating his personal unpopu-
larity2."

1 Sharon Turner's " History of England," vol. iii., p. 479.
8 Ibid., vol. iv., p. 76.

VI REMARKS ON THE WARDROBE

These inferences with respect to the character
of Richard the Third are, it is submitted, drawn
from a mistaken estimate of evidence, rather than
from erroneous data ; and they prove the neces-
sity of an historian not merely using research, but
of being able to attach a proper value to his mate-
rials. The grounds upon which the opinion of
Richard's vanity is built are the account of the arti-
cles delivered out of the Wardrobe for his corona-
tion, the descriptions of Chroniclers of his pompous
appearance on public occasions, and the clothes for
which he sent from York. Viewed without refer-
ence to similar documents in previous and subse-
quent reigns, the conclusion is natural, that the
sovereign to whom they relate was a " vain cox-
comb," especially if the opinion be just that that list
was prepared by the monarch himself. But when
records of this nature are compared with others,
and it becomes evident that the splendid dresses
worn by Richard formed the general costume of
persons of rank of the age, and when the minuteness
of detail which is ascribed to his own taste is
proved to be the usual form in which Wardrobe-
keepers and their officers entered the articles en-
trusted to their custody, the error of supposing that
the splendour or the accurate description of the
robes are in any degree indicative of Richard the
Third's character is manifest. A reference to these
Wardrobe Accounts, or to any other list of apparel
or jewels, in the fourteenth, fifteenth, and sixteenth

ACCOUNTS OF EDWARD IV. Vll

century, will prove that there is not a single cir-
cumstance connected with Richard which justifies
the opinion that he was more fond of splendour and
parade than his predecessors, much less that he was
either a " fop" or a " coxcomb."

It is only by comparing one record with another,
and devoting much labour to the inquiry, that accu-
rate conclusions on the characters of individuals of
the middle ages can be formed. Man is wise, vir-
tuous, and humane, or silly, vain, and wicked, in
comparison with his contemporaries. He must be
estimated, not by the standard of morality erected
several centuries after his death, but by the standard
of the age and country in which he lived. There
is not, for example, a greater want of mental deli-
cacy in the female savage whose person is exposed,
than in the European woman whose form is nearly
concealed ; but educate that savage and transport
her to Europe, and if she refuse to imitate the
females by whom she is surrounded, she may then,
but not until then, be charged with indelicacy. If
Richard was the first monarch who was splendidly
attired, or if his subjects did not imitate him as far
as their purses or the laws permitted, there would
be some justice in accusing him of vanity ; but a
love of splendour in apparel was so peculiar a cha-
racteristic of the middle ages throughout Europe,
that it was restrained in England by various sump-
tuary statutes.

It is sufficiently evident that Wardrobe Accounts

Vlll REMARKS ON THE WARDROBE

are of much greater value in illustration of History
than is generally supposed ; and an important fact
which is established by those here printed will now
be stated.

Margaret of York, the sister of King Edward the
Fourth, married Charles Duke of Burgundy on the
9th July, 1468. This princess is memorable for the
annoyance which she caused to Henry the Seventh
by countenancing Perkin Warbeck, who personated
her nephew, the Duke of York, and more especially
for the support which she afforded to the impostor.
Historians assert that the duchess tutored him in
the part he was to perform, by giving him accurate
information of her brother's court, " describing unto
him the personages, lineaments, and features of the
king and queen, his pretended parents, and of his
brother and sisters, and divers others that were
nearest him in his childhood; together with all
passages, some secret, some common, that were
fit for a child's memory, until the death of King
Edward. Then she added the particulars from the
time of the king's death until he and his brother
were committed to the Tower, as well during the
time he was abroad, as while he was in sanc-
tuary y &c.

Upon this passage Horace Walpole remarks,
" Indeed ! Margaret must in truth have been a Juno,
a divine power, if she could give all these instruc-
tions to purpose. This passage is so very import-

1 Bacon's " History of Henry the Seventh."

ACCOUNTS OF EDWARD IV. IX

ant, the whole story depends so much upon it, that
if I can shew the utter impossibility of its being
true, Perkin will remain the true Duke of York for
any thing we can prove to the contrary; and for
Henry, Sir Thomas More, Lord Bacon, and their
copyists, it will be impossible to give any longer
credit to their narrations. I have said that Duke
Richard was born in 1474. Unfortunately his aunt
Margaret was married out of England in 1467,
seven years before he was born, and never returned
thither" Walpole then triumphantly asks, " Was
not she singularly capable of describing to Perkin
her nephew whom she had never seen? How well
informed was she of the times of his childhood, and
of all passages relating to his brother and sisters !
Oh ! but she had English refugees about her. She
must have had many, and those of most intimate
connection with the court, if she and they together
could compose a tolerable story for Perkin, that was
to take in the most minute passages of so many
years1." He then observes, that " twenty-seven years
at least had elapsed since Margaret had been in
the court of England," and concludes his argument
in words which shew that he deemed it unanswer-
able : " If Margaret was Juno, he who shall answer
these questions satisfactorily, ' erit mihi magnus
Apollo.'"

Next to Walpole and Laing, the strongest advo-

1 " Historic Doubts," pp. 82-84.

X REMARKS ON THE WARDROBE

cate of the identity of Warbeck with the Duke of
of York, is the historian of the Tower of London,
who has discussed the question1 with great zeal, but
without throwing light upon the subject. An argu-
ment of so conclusive a nature as that the Duchess
of Burgundy could not possibly have tutored War-
beck, because she had not been in England for
twenty-seven years, during which time the children
of Edward the Fourth were born, and that so serious
an error weakens the other statements of the writers
who have committed it, is strongly pressed by the
disciples of Horace Walpole. Mr. Bayley observes,
" How the duchess could have selected this young
man for his likeness to her nephew, the Duke of
York ; how she could have described to him the
persons of his brother, his sisters, and others nearest
him in his childhood ; how she could have given him
minute details of the affairs of England, and how
she could have instructed him in what passed while
he was in the sanctuary at Westminster, and more
especially of the transactions in the Tower, would
be difficult to imagine : for this princess, who is
represented as bitter against Henry, was married
out of England in 1467, before either of Edward
the Fourth's children was born, and as she never
returned, she could never have seen the Duke of
York, his brother, or either of the princesses, nor
could she have had such knowledge of the extraor-

1 " History of the Tower of London," by John Bayley, Esq., 4to.,
pp. 347-352, and second edition, 1830, p. 349.

ACCOUNTS OF EDWARD IV. XI

dinary chain of events that had since occurred in
England, as would have made her a capable instruc-
tress of a Flemish youth in the wily and difficult
course he would have to tread1."

It is much easier to draw conclusions from pre-
sumed premises than to examine into the truth of
the premises themselves ; and had half the inge-
nuity which some writers have displayed in sup-
porting a favourite hypothesis, been bestowed on an
investigation of the evidence on which they build
it, the history of England would not be so disfigured
by errors and absurdities.

Nothing could be more satisfactory than the argu-
ment which has been quoted, for disbelieving that
the Duchess of Burgundy tutored Warbeck, were
it not certain that the Duchess paid her brother's
court a visit in July or August, 1480_, — less than
three years before Edward's decease.

On the 24th July, sheets, fustians, blankets,
arras, travasses, &c., were sent to Greenwich and
Coldharbour, " against the coming thither of my
Lady Duchess of Bourgoigne2," and green sarcenet
was issued from the Wardrobe to make a traverse
for the Duchess' chapel at Coldharbour3, to which
place hooks and other materials for hanging tapestry
were also forwarded, in expectation of her arrival,
and of the arrival of the ambassadors of Burgundy4.
To the Master of the King's Barge a gown of black

1 Bayley's " Tower of London," p. 350.
1 p. 141-2, and p. 132. » p. 144. 4 p. 145.

c 2

XU REMARKS ON THE WARDROBE

camlet was delivered on the same day, " against the
Duchess' coming." The said master and twenty-four
bargemen received sixteen yards of blue and murrey
cloth, being the colours of the livery of the house
of York, and forty-eight small roses embroidered,
to make jackets, which were to be garnished with
small roses ; four other persons receiving on the
same occasion eight large embroidered roses,
" against the coming to London of the Duchess of
Burgundy1." On the 26th, green velvet, garnished
with aglets of silver gilt, bordered with spangles,
for horse harnesses, together with crimson velvet for
covering head-stalls and reins for ten hobies and
palfreys, which articles the King presented to the
Duchess, were issued by the Wardrobe-keeper2.

The Duchess of Burgundy remained in London,
being lodged at Coldharbour, until the end of Sep-
tember; and on the 18th of that month, Sir Edward
Wydeville the King's brother-in-law, Sir James
Radclyffe, knights of the body, Darcy, Tay, Wil-
liam Berkeley and Roger Vaughan, esquires of the
body, obtained an order for the delivery of purple
velvet and purple satin, for their jackets against
the Duchess' return, they being appointed to attend
her3; for which purpose jackets of woollen cloth, of
the colours murrey and blue, were given to one
hundred other persons, many of whom were gentle-
men and servants of the household4. Previous to

1 p. 166. * p. 153, and p. 125. *p. 165. * pp. 163-4-5.

ACCOUNTS OF EDWARD IV. XU1

her departure, a magnificent pillion, " against her
going into Flanders again," was provided1. The
Duchess appears to have been treated with the most
marked respect and attention during her stay in
this country, which lasted, as near as the dates
admit of the inference, upwards of six weeks. In
her suite was the Argentier of France, to whom, on
the 16th August, and "to divers estates and gentles
being attending and awaiting" upon the person of
the Duchess, were given several yards of cloth of
silver, scarlet, violet cloth, and black velvet2.

The only Chronicle yet printed in which the
Duchess of Burgundy's visit to England is noticed,
is in one lately edited, entitled " the Chronicle of
London," where the circumstance is thus alluded to :
" Anno 20 Edw. IV. Also this yere the Duches
of Burgoyne came into England to see the Kyng
her brother, which shewed to her great pleasure ;
and so she departid ageyne3."

Though the object of the Duchess of Burgundy's
coming is there said to be " to see the King," it was
probably intimately connected with the negociation
then entered into with that duchy ; but the positive
evidence that she passed many weeks in England
within so short a period of the death of Edward the
Fourth, when all his children were living, and when
the Prince of Wales was ten years old, and his
eldest sister the Princess Elizabeth fourteen, is

i p. 163. * p. 160.

3 p. 147, 4to., London, printed in 1827.

XIV WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF EDWARD IV.

highly valuable, because it completely negatives
the assertion that the Duchess could not have given
Warbeck the knowledge he possessed of the royal
family. By destroying that hypothesis, the state-
ments of Lord Bacon and other writers, that Perkin
derived his information from her, is restored to its
original value, and the probability that he was an
impostor is of course increased. It is true that the
presence of the Duchess at her brother's court in
August. 1480, would not have enabled her to ac-
quaint Warbeck with what passed while the Duke
of York was in the sanctuary at Westminster, or
with the transactions in the Tower ; but his infor-
mation on these points was of so general a nature,
that he might easily have obtained it from Mar-
garet's agents.

PRIVY PURSE EXPENSES OF ELIZABETH OF YORK.

THE remarks by which the PRIVY PURSE EXPENSES
OF ELIZABETH, THE QUEEN OF HENRY THE SE-
VENTH, will be illustrated, chiefly consist of bio-
graphical notices of the children of King Edward
the Fourth, because these Accounts relate to, and
throw much light upon, their history ; and because
all previous notices of them are extremely imper-
fect.

King Edward the Fourth married Elizabeth,
daughter of Sir Richard Wydeville, and widow of
John Lord Grey of Groby, at Grafton, in Northamp-
tonshire, on the 1st May, 1464, and by her had
issue, three sons, Edward, Richard, George, and
seven daughters, Elizabeth, Mary, Cecily, Marga-
ret, Anne, Katherine, and Bridget.

I. EDWARD, PRINCE OF WALES, was born on
the 14th November, 1470, and his unhappy history
as King Edward the Fifth is too well known to
require any farther notice of him. All which occurs
about this prince in the Wardrobe Accounts of 1480
is an entry of the delivery of some yards of cloth of
gold tissue. The articles issued from the Wardrobe

for him to wear at the coronation of his uncle
Richard the Third, are commented upon in Wai-
pole's " Historic Doubts."

XVI REMARKS ON THE PRIVY PURSE

II. Richard of Shrewsbury. The date of the birth
of this prince has not been exactly ascertained, but
it may be assigned to the year 14721. As early as
the 28th May, 1474, he was created Duke of York,
and on the 7th February, 1476-7, he was created
Duke of Norfolk and Earl Warren. On Thursday,
15th January, 1477-8, he espoused Ann, the daughter
and heiress of John Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk, she
being then about six and he about four years of age.
A description of the ceremony on the occasion is
printed in Sandford's " Genealogical History of the
Kings of England," from a MS. in the College of
Arms. The duke was appointed Lieutenant of Ire-
land for two years, on the 5th May, 1479, and in
the instrument nominating his deputy, he is styled,
" Ricardus secundus films Illustrissimi Principis
Edw: quarti, &c., Dux Ebor: et Norff: Comes
Warren: Surr: et Nottingham: Comes Marescallus,
et Marescallus Angliae, ac Dominus de Segrave, de
Mowbray, et de Gower." The Wardrobe Accounts
for 1480 contain the following entries relating to
the young prince. A horse harness and saddle of
crimson velvet, and cloth of gold2, together with
cloth of gold, velvet and satin for his gowns, were
delivered to his chamberlain Sir Thomas Grey3; and
a mantle of the Order of the Garter was issued for
his use on the 17th August, which perhaps fixes the
date of his installation to about that time4. He is

1 Hall's " Chronicle," ed. 1809, p. 345.
* p. 155. » pp. 156 and 160. 4 p. 161.

OF ELIZABETH OF YORK. XVil

supposed to have been murdered with his brother
in the Tower, though some writers have contended
that he escaped, and was the individual so well
known in history as Perkin Warbeck.

III. GEORGE OF SHREWSBURY, the third son,
was born at Shrewsbury, and was created Duke of
Bedford in his infancy, but he died soon afterwards,
and was buried at Windsor.

The daughters were,

I. ELIZABETH OF YORK, afterwards Queen of
Henry the Seventh, a memoir of whom will be found
in a subsequent page.

II. MARY OF YORK, the second child of Edward
the Fourth1, was born at Windsor, in August, 1466,
and Cardinal Bourchier, Archbishop of Canterbury,
was one of her sponsors2. On the 9th of October,
1468, 400/. a year were granted to her mother the
Queen for the expenses of the Princesses Eliza-
beth and Mary, but nothing more is known of
her than the statement of Sandford, that she was
present at the marriage of her brother the Duke of
York, in January, 1477 ; that it was intended she
should become the wife of the King of Denmark3;

1 Sandford, in his " Genealogical History," who has implicitly fol-
lowed Speed, states that the daughters of Edward the Fourth were
born in the following order : 1. Elizabeth, 2. Cecily, 3. Ann, 4. Bridget,
5. Mary, 6. Margaret, 7. Katherine ; whereas it is certain that they
followed each other thus: I.Elizabeth, 2. Mary, S.Cecily, 4. Mar-
garet, 5. Anne, 6. Katherine, 7. Bridget. Richard the Third, in 1484,
thus mentions them— Elizabeth, Cecily, Anne, Katherine, and Bridget.
Mary and Margaret were then dead.

8 " Annals of William of Worcester," p. 510.

3 Rot. Claus., 8 Edw. IV., m. 13.

XVIll REMARKS ON THE PRIVY PURSE

that her father by his will, dated in 1475, bequeathed
her 10,000 marks to her marriage ; and that she
died at Greenwich, on Thursday before Whitsun-
day, i. e., the 23rd of May, 1482 '. On the Monday
following, her corpse was brought to Greenwich,
" and there had her dirige began by James Goldwell,
Lord Bishop of Norwich, who also sung mass the
next morning, there being present several lords and
ladies ; and in the afternoon the body was conveyed
into a mourning chariot, drawn by two horses, also
trapped with black, and adorned with lozenges of
her arms. Thus from Greenwich they set forward
to Kingston, where the corpse rested that night ;
and from thence, the next morning, towards Wind-
sor, where being met by the parish in procession,
at the foot of the bridge next Eaton, they pro-
ceeded to the chapel at Windsor, where the body
was buried with the usual offices thereunto be-
longing2."

III. CECILY OF YORK. The exact time of the
birth of this princess is not known, and the first
notice of her is in July, 1474, when a negociation
commenced for her marriage with James, the eldest
son of James King of Scotland3, the treaty for
which was concluded in the October following4,
and part of her dowry was paid. By a subsequent
treaty, it was arranged that in the event of Edward's

1 Sandford's " Genealogical History."

8 Sandford's " Genealogical History," from MS. marked I. 2, in
the College of Arms.

8 " Foedera," xi., 814. * Ibid. p. 831.

OF ELIZABETH OF YORK. XIX

not wishing the marriage to be consummated, the
money should be repaid, and, on the 12th of October.
14821, he claimed the sums advanced; but on the
1 1th of the preceding June, a negociation was entered
into with Alexander Duke of Albany, styling himseli
King of Scotland, in which, among other articles,
pledging Edward to support his interests, it was
agreed in the event of Alexander's establishing him-
self on the throne of Scotland, that if within a year
" he could make himself clear from other women,
according to the laws of Christian church, Edward
would give him his daughter Cecily in marriage ; but
if he could not do so, then that he would not marry
his son and heir, if he had one, excepting by the
ordinance of the King of England to some lady
of his blood2." Cecily was present with her sisters
Elizabeth and Mary, at the marriage of their
brother the young Duke of York, which was per-
formed with much state on the 15th of January,

14783.

The death of Edward the Fourth, and the depo-
sition of his son, changed the fortunes of his daugh-
ters. Instead of becoming Queen of Scotland,
Cecily Plantagenet married John Viscount Welles,
an especial favourite and uncle of the half-blood
of Henry the Seventh4, through whose influence

1 " Foedera," xii., 166.

s Ibid, xii., 1 57. See Hall's " Chronicle," ed. 1809, pp. 330-1.

• Sandford's " Genealogical History," ed. 1707, p. 416.

* Henry the Seventh and John Viscount Welles were thus related
by blood and connected by marriage: —

a 2

REMARKS ON THE PRIVY PURSE

he obtained her hand. It has not been discovered
when their marriage took place, but it must have
been before December 1487, as at the festival of
Christmas in that year, when the Heralds " cried"
the guests at court, they addressed her in these
words, " Largesse, de noble Princesse la soeur de
la Reyne notre soveraigne dame, et Countesse de
Wellys," and Lord Welles is stated to have given
" for him and my lady his wife" twenty shillings1.
In the 7th Hen. VII., 1491-2, an act of parliament
was passed which recited that the Viscount promised
on marrying Lady Cecily to settle certain lands on
her and the heirs of their bodies, out of the estates
to which he was restored in the 1st Hen. VII.; but
as he was then about to accompany the King in his
voyage royal, it was enacted, to avoid expense, that
they should hold the lands in question to them and
the heirs of his body2. In the 19th Hen. VII., 1502,
after the viscount's decease, another settlement
was made securing those lands to her for her life3.
At the christening of her nephew Prince Arthur, at
Winchester, on the 24th of September, 1486, Lady

John Beaufort, Duke = Margaret, daughter of==Leo Lord Welles,

of Somerset,
1st husband.

Sir John Beauchamp,
of Bletshoe.

Margaret, Countess of Edward the
Richmond. Fourth.

2nd husband.

King Henry VII. = Elizabeth
of York.

Cecily of= John Viscount

York. Welles.

1 Leland's " Collectanea," vol. iv., p. 235.
s Rot. Parl. vi., 450. • Ibid. p. 543.

OF ELIZABETH OF YORK. XXI

Welles carried him to the font, he being wrapped
in a mantle of crimson cloth of gold, furred with
ermine, with a train, which was borne by the Mar-
chioness of Dorset1. When her sister was crowned,
she was in immediate attendance on her person, and
supported her train during the whole ceremony2.

Viscount Welles died on the 9th February, 1498-9,
and had issue two daughters, Elizabeth and Anne,
who both died young, and their mother married to
her second husband, a gentleman of the name of
Kyme, of Lincolnshire. At the marriage of Kathe-
rine of Arragon to Arthur Prince of Wales, Lady
Welles bore the princess1 train3.

It is not a little remarkable that the precise date
of the birth, of the marriage, of the baptismal name
of the second husband, and even of the death of the
Princess Cecily, the sister-in-law of one King and
the aunt of another, should never have been ascer-
tained. An entry on the 13th May, 1502, of her
having lent her sister the Queen 3/. 135. 4c?. on
some occasion, is the only notice which is to be
found of her in the Privy Purse Expenses of that
year. In those of Henry the Seventh, from 1492
to 1505, her name does not occur; and this account
of her, imperfect as it is, must be closed with the
remark, that she is said to have died at Quarera,
in the Isle of Wight4.

1 Leland's " Collectanea," iv., 205. • Ibid. pp. 220, 223, 230.

8 Hall's " Chronicle," ed. 1809, p. 494.
4 Sandford's " Genealogical History."

XX11 REMARKS ON THE PRIVY PURSE

IV. MARGARET OF YORK, Edward's fourth
daughter, was bom on the 19th of April, 1472,
and dying on the 1 1th of December following, was
buried in Westminster Abbey. This epitaph was
placed on her tomb :

Nobilitas et forma, decorq: tenella juventus
In simul hie ista mortis stint condita cista
Ut genus et nomen, sexum, tempus quoq: mortis
Noscas, cuncta tibi manifestat margo sepulchri.

V. ANNE OF YORK. The Princess Anne must
have been born subsequent to June, 1475, as she
is not mentioned in her father's will. On the 18th of
July, 1479, it was agreed that Philip, the eldest son
of Maximilian Duke of Austria, should not, for three
years, form a contract of marriage with any other
woman than Anne the daughter of the King of
England1; and on the 5th of August following, the
treaty for that alliance was concluded2. The mar-
riage, however, did not take place, and nothing more
is known about her until after her sister Elizabeth
became Queen of England. At the christening of
her nephew Prince Arthur, in November, 1486, she
carried the chrisom, which was pinned on her right
breast, and hung over her left arm3. At the feast
of the Order of the Garter, in 1488, she was in
attendance on the Queen4, and was present at the
celebration of the feast of Whitsuntide by the court,
at Shene, in that year5. Her Majesty's second

1 " Foedera," xii., 110. 8 Ibid. 130.

3 Leland's " Collectanea," iv., p. 205.
« Ibid. p. 241. 6 Ibid. p. 245.

OF ELIZABETH OF YORK. Xxiii

child, Margaret, was baptized at Westminster on
the 30th November, 1489, when the Princess Anne
again bore the chrisom, " with a marvellous rich
cross lace1."

Early in the year 1495, she became the wife of
Thomas Lord Howard, eldest son of Thomas Earl
of Surrey, as on the 14th of February in that year
Henry the Seventh paid 6s. Sd. for his offering at
her marriage2. On the Rolls of Parliament of the
llth Hen. VII., October 1495, the agreement " be-
tween the Queen, with the assent of the King and
Thomas Earl of Surrey, for a marriage to be had
and solemnized between Thomas Lord Howard, son
and heir apparent of the said earl, and Anne sister
to the said Queen, which marriage is now had and
solemnized," is recited, and validity was given to
some of its provisions by the authority of Parlia-
ment3. The Princess Anne is frequently mentioned
in the Queen's Privy Purse Expenses for 1502;
whence it appears that she was mainly, if not en-
tirely, supported at her Majesty's expense. Her
husband, Lord Howard, was allowed 120/. per an-
num for "her diet4:" materials for her clothes were,
on one occasion, purchased5, and besides ten marks
a year6, her sister gave her 61. 13s. 4d. annually
for her own purse7.

1 Leland's " Collectanea," iv., p. 253.

* Privy Purse Expenses of Henry VII., printed in the " Excerpta
Historica," p. 101.

» Rot. Parl., vi., 480-1, 511.

* p. 99. 5 p. 9. 6 p. 79. ' p. 94.

XXIV REMARKS ON THE PRIVY PURSE

Two sons were the result of her marriage, one
of whom died immediately after his birth, and the
other, named Thomas, dying on the 3rd of August,
1508, was buried at Lambeth. The date of Anne
Lady Howard's decease is unknown, but it must
have been before 1515, as her husband married,
secondly, Elizabeth, daughter of the Duke of Buck-
ingham, and had by her the renowned Earl of Sur-
rey, whose eldest son was born in 1536.

VI. KATHERINE OF YORK. Though the Prin-
cess Katherine was born 'before August, 1479, it
could not have been long previous to that time,
because there is an entry in the Wardrobe Accounts
between April and September, 1480, of nails being
purchased to cover the font at her christening at
Eltham1; and in November in that year, Joan, the
wife of Robert Colson, her nurse, obtained a grant
from the King of five pounds per annum2. While
in her infancy, her marriage was determined upon
with John the son and heir-apparent of Ferdinand
King of Castile and Leon, the contract for which
was signed on the 28th August, 14793; and on the
2nd March, 1482, ambassadors were appointed to
complete the treaty4. This alliance did not, how-
ever, take place ; and in November, 1487, it was
agreed that she should become the wife of James,
second son of the King of Scotland, by which
treaty it was also determined, that one of her

1 See p. 122. s Rot. Glaus., 20 Edw. IV., m. 15.

3 " Foedera," xii., 110. * Ibid. p. 148.

OF ELIZABETH OF YORK. XXV

sisters should marry the elder brother of her in-
tended husband, whilst his father espoused her
mother1. The death of the Scottish monarch, in
1488, defeated these plans, and before October, 1495,
when she was not more than seventeen, she married^
the Lord William Courtenay, eldest son of Edward
Earl of Devon2, this being the second time that the
heir of that illustrious house married a sister of
the heiress to the throne of England. The settle-
ment made by the Earl of Devon, of his estates on
his son and daughter-in-law, and the heirs male of
the body of his son, was confirmed by parliament3.
Their issue were two sons, Henry, and, as appears
from the Privy Purse Expenses of the Queen, Ed-
ward, and a daughter Margaret.

Katherine Lady Courtenay was present at the
marriage of Prince Arthur, in November, 150 14, and
at the betrothment of her niece the Princess Mar-
garet to the King of Scotland, at Richmond, on the
10th of January, 15025.

Not only was Katherine partly maintained by
her sister the Queen, but her Majesty also paid
the expenses of her children, the notices of whom
are of some interest. Her pension from the Queen's
Privy Purse was 50/. per annum6: satin was on one
occasion purchased for the covering of her saddle7;
and from entries of money being paid her for the
Queen's purse, in July, 1502, at Woodstock, and in

i " Fcedera," xii., p. 329. * Rot. Parl., vi., 481. 3 Ibi I.

4 Leland's " Collectanea," v., p. 363. 5 Ibid., iv., p. 259.

8 See p. 99. 7 See p. 1 7.

XXVI REMARKS ON THE PRIVY PURSE

January, 1503, at Richmond, it may be inferred
that she was frequently her companion. Her bro-
ther-in-law, Henry the Seventh, sent her a present
of 10/., in September the same year.

The children of Lord William and Lady Katherine
Courtenay were placed under the care of Margaret
Lady Cotton, and resided chiefly at a place belong-
ing to Sir John Hosy, near Havering-at-Bower, in
Essex, until the beginning of December, 1 502, when
they were removed to London1. They were attended
by two female servants and a groom, and for the
expenses of the whole establishment Lady Cotton
was allowed no more than 13s. 4d. a week, a striking
proof of the immense difference between the value
of money at the commencement of the sixteenth
and in the nineteenth century. All their clothes
and other necessaries were paid for by the Queen,
and several entries occur of the purchase of coats,
gowns, petticoats, hoses, shoes, medicines, bonnets,
&c., for their use 2.

Lord Edward Courtenay, her second son, died on
the 12th or 13th of July, 15023, and a servant was
despatched to the Queen, to know her pleasure as
to where he should be buried4; at which time his
mother appears to have been with her Majesty, on
her journey to Woodstock. The expense of his
funeral, which amounted to 41. 18s. 4c?., was also de-
frayed by the Queen, and a present of II. 6s. Sd.
was made to his nurse and rocker on the occasion5.

1 See pp. 77,79. 2 Seethe INDEX, p. 189.

8 See pp. 32, 63. 4 See p. 32. * See p. 103.

OF ELIZABETH OF YORK. XXvil

Lord William Courtenay having been attainted
in 1504, he did not succeed to the Earldom of
Devon on his father's decease in 1509; but on the
10th May, 1511, Henry the Eighth created him
Earl of Devon, with remainder to the heirs male of
his body. The earl did not survive his creation
many weeks, as he died at Greenwich on the 9th of
June following, and was interred with the honours
due to his rank, in St. Paul's cathedral, on the 12th
of that month.

The Countess of Devon, his widow, though not
more than three-and-thirty at his decease, never
married again, having on the 13th of July, 1511,
just a month after her loss, made a vow of chastity
before the Bishop of London, of which the follow-
ing is a copy :

" In the name of the Father, the Son, and the
Holy Ghost, I, Katherine Courtney e, Countess of
Devonshire, widow, and not wedded, ne unto any
man assured, promise and make a vow to God, and
to our Lady, and to all the Company of Heaven, in
the presence of you, worshipful Father in God,
Richard Bishop of London, for to be chaste of my
body, and truly and devoutly shall keep me chaste,
for this time forward, as long as my life lasteth,
after the rule of St. Paul. In nomine Patris et Filii
et Spiritus Sancti1."

She survived the earl sixteen years, dying at her

1 Lansdowne MS., 978, f. 144. From the Register of Fitz-James
Bishop of London, f. xxx.

e 2

XXV1I1 REMARKS ON THE PRIVY PURSE

manor of Tiverton, at three in the afternoon of
the 15th of November, 1527. Hall says that the
Countess was a " long time tossed in either fortune,
sometime in wealth, after in adversity, till the be-
nignity of her nephew, King Henry the Eighth,
brought her into a sure estate, according to her
degree and progeny1."

A minute account of her funeral is preserved in
the College of Arms, and is partly printed by
Sandford, whence it appears that she was interred
with great pomp, on the 2nd of December, 1527, in
Tiverton church, where her son, the Marquess of
Exeter, erected a chapel and tomb, near the high
altar, to her memory, but which no longer exist.
The countess's seal, which is engraved in Sandford 's
" Genealogical History," is deserving of notice for
its legend. Within an escutcheon, having on the
dexter side a dolphin, on the sinister a lion rampant
gardant, and surmounted by a demi rose en soleil,
the badge of the House of York, are her arms im-
paled with her husband's : per pale, Baron, Or, three
torteaux Gules for Courtenay, quartering Or a lion
rampant Azure for Rivers; Femme, quarterly, 1st
France and England ; 2nd and 3rd, Burgh, and
the 4th, Mortimer, surrounded by this inscription,
KATHERINA COMITISSA DEVON: FILIA: SOROR:
ET AMIT: REGUM. In the indenture to which that
seal is attached, dated 24th October, 6 Hen. VIII.,

1 Hall's " Chronicle," ed. 1809, p. 345.

OF ELIZABETH OF YORK. XXIX

1514, she uses the same style, " We, Katherine
Countess of Devonshire, Daughter, Sister, and Aunt
of Kings."

Her daughter Margaret died young, being choked
with a fish bone. Henry Earl of Devonshire, her
only surviving son, was raised to the Marquisate of
Exeter, on the 18th June, 1525, and in consequence
of his royal descent through his mother, received
an augmentation to his arms, by placing in the
first quarter the royal arms within a bordure quar-
terly of the same. He was attainted and beheaded
in 1538, and left, by Gertrude, daughter of William
Lord Mountjoy, an only child, —

Sir Edward Courtenay, who was restored in blood
on the accession of Queen Mary, having on the 3rd
of September, 1553, been created Earl of Devon, to
hold to him and his heirs male for ever, a limitation
which was, it is presumed, intended to restore the
Earldom of Devon to the male descendants of Hugh
Courtenay, who was allowed that dignity by Ed-
ward the Third in 1335. The Earl of Devon died
at Padua, on the 4th of October, 1556, unmarried,
when all the issue of the children of Edward the
Fourth, excepting of his eldest daughter Elizabeth,
became extinct, and the male representation of the
house of Courtenay devolved on the Powderham
branch.

VII. BRIDGET OF YORK, the seventh daughter
and youngest child of Edward the Fourth, was born
at Eltham, in Kent, on the 10th of November, 1480,
and the next day was baptized by the Bishop of

XXX REMARKS ON THE PRIVY PURSE, ETC.

Chichester. In the Wardrobe Accounts of the reign
of Richard the Third, between the 9th of April,
1483, and the 2nd of February, 1484, the following
entry occurs relating to her : " To the Lady Brygitt,
one of the daughters of K. Edward IHIth., being
sick in the said Wardrobe for to have for her use
at that time two long pillows of fustian, stuffed with
down, and two pillow beres of Holland cloth unto
them1," whence Walpole concludes that this child
was not then in sanctuary with the Queen2; but
these articles may have been delivered before her
Majesty sought shelter there. From her earliest
years, she seems to have been devoted by her
mother to a nunnery, and when very young she
took the veil at Dartford. On the 6th July, 1502,
3/. 6s. Sd. were paid by her sister the Queen to the
Abbess of Dartford, towards the charges of Lady
Bridget there3; and in September following, a per-
son was paid for going from Windsor to Dartford
to Lady Bridget, with a message from her Ma-
jesty4. The Queen contributed to her support out
of her Privy Purse, the amount allowed her being
13/. 6s. Sd. per annum5.

The Princess Bridget continued at Dartford,
spending her days in the seclusion and tranquillity
of a convent until her death, which occurred about
the year 1517, when she was thirty-seven years
of age.

1 Printedin the " Antiquarian Repertory," ed. 1 807,vol. i., p. 51.

8 " Historic Doubts," p. 67. 3 See page 29.

4 See p. 50. * See p. 99.

XXXI

MEMOIR OF ELIZABETH OF YORK,

ELDEST DAUGHTER OF KING EDWARD THE FOURTH,
AND CONSORT OF KING HENRY THE SEVENTH.

" Inerat illi ab unguiculis Dei timor et servitum admirabile; in
parentes vero mira observaiitia; erga fratres et sorores amor ferme
incredibilis ; in pauperes Christique ministros, reverenda ac singularis
affectio." — BERNARD ANDREAS, Poet Laureate to Henry VII.

OF ELIZABETH OF YORK, the daughter, sister, niece,
wife, mother, and progenitrix of Kings of England,
the legitimate heiress to the throne, and the happy
instrument of terminating the wars which deluged
this country with blood, and who, to such historical
pretensions to be commemorated, united those claims
which beauty, virtue, and goodness confer, no Me-
moir, deserving of the name, has been hitherto
written.

This illustrious woman was the eldest child of
King Edward the Fourth by his Queen Elizabeth
Wydeville, and was born at Westminster on the
llth of February, 1464-5 *. Her baptism was cele-

1 Sandford says she was born on the llth of February, 1466, but as

XXX11 MEMOIR OF

brated with great solemnity in Westminster Abbey,
her grandmother, the Duchess of York, the Duchess
of Bedford, and Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick,
being her sponsors. In the 7th Edw. IV., 1467, the
manor of Great Lynford, in Buckinghamshire, was
granted to her for life2, and on the 9th of October, in
the ensuing year, the Treasurer and Chamberlains of
the Exchequer were commanded to pay the Queen
400/. annually, in consideration of the expenses which
she incurred about the Princesses Elizabeth and
Mary, which sum was to be paid until they were
otherwise provided for3. On the 6th of November,
1469, the King, with the advice of the Lords of his
Council, determined that his daughter Elizabeth,
who was then in her fifth year, should marry George
Neville, the eldest son of John Earl of Northumber-
land4, afterwards Marquess of Montagu, and on the
5th of January following, that young nobleman was
consequently created Duke of Bedford5; but this
intention was soon afterwards abandoned on account
of the defection of the Marquess, and in 1477, the
Duke of Bedford was degraded from all his ho-
nours6.

In June, 1475, Edward the Fourth invaded France

thirty seven persons were relieved at her Maunday in 1507, and as
she is said on her monument to have completed her thirty-eighth
year at her decease, the date in the text must be correct.
z Rot. Patent., 7 Edw. IV., p. 2, m. 10.

3 Rot. Claus., 8 Edw. IV., m. 13.

4 Rot. Cart., 9 Edw. IV., n. 3. 5 Ibid.
c Rot. Parl., 17 Edw. IV., n. 16.

ELIZABETH OF YORK. XXX111

with a large army, and previous to embarking he
made his will 1, which is dated at Sandwich on the
20th of that month, wherein he noticed his sons,
the Prince of Wales and the Duke of York, and
thus alluded to his daughters.

" Item we wil that owe doughtre Elizabeth have xM
marc towards her mariage and that owre doughtre Marie
have also to her mariage xM marc soo that thay may be
gouverned and rieuled in thair manages by owre derrest wiff
the Quene and by owre said son the Prince if God fortune
him to comme to age of discrecion. And if he decease
afore such age as God defende then by such as God dis-
poseth to bee owre heire and by such Lords and other as
then shal bee of thair Counsaill and if either of owre said
doughters doo marie thaims self without such advys and
assent soo as they bee therby disparaged as God forbede
that then shee soo marieng her self have noo paiement of
her said xM marc but that it be emploied by owre execu-
tours towards the hasty paiement of owr debtes &c."

" Item where we trust in God owre said win7 bee now
with childe if God fortune it to bee a doughtre then we
wil that shee have also xM marc towards her mariage."

" Item to the mariage of our doughtre Cecille for whom
we have appointed and concluded with the King of Scotts
to be maried to his son and heere," &c.

The expedition into France speedily terminated

1 The will of Edward (he Fourth escaped the editor of " Royal
Wills." The testament referred to in the text was copied from the
Rolls Chapel, and forms part of the inedited collections for Rymer's
" Foedera," in the additional MS. 4615, in the British Museum.

XXXIV MEMOIR OF

in a peace, one condition of which was that the
Dauphin should marry the Princess Elizabeth, but
if she died before she became of a proper age, then
that he should marry her sister Mary, the agree-
ment for which alliance was signed in August,
14751. Three years afterwards, on the 26th of
August, 1478, her dowry was settled, and it was de-
termined that the expenses of her journey to France
on her marriage should be defrayed by the French
monarch2. On the 12th of May, 1480, when she was
in her sixteenth year, Lord Howard and Dr. Langton
were appointed ambassadors, to settle the ceremony
of her journey to France, and some other points,
as well as to obtain a continuation of the truce then
subsisting with that country, during the lives of
the two monarchs8; but Lord Howard discovered
that Louis had no intention of fulfilling his en-
gagement, and Edward did not live to punish his
treachery in the way he contemplated. It is hinted
by Bernard Andreas4, that subsequent to this dis-
appointment, her father offered Elizabeth's hand to
the young Earl of Richmond, afterwards Henry the
Seventh, but that the Earl suspected it was merely
a bait to induce him to place himself in the King's
power.

On the death of Edward the Fourth, which took

» " Foedera," xii., p. 20. * Ibid., p. 90.

8 Ibid., xii., p. 113.
4 Cottonian MS., Domitian, A. xviii.

ELIZABETH OP YORK. XXXV

place on the 9th of April, 1483, at Westminster, the
crown devolved upon his eldest son, Edward Prince
of Wales, who was then at Ludlow; but the suspi-
cious conduct of his uncle, the Duke of Gloucester,
in gaining possession of his person, and his treatment
of the Queen's relations during the young monarch's
journey to London, alarmed his mother to such a
degree that she immediately threw herself into sanc-
tuary at Westminster, being accompanied by her
second son, the Duke of York, by her five daughters,
Elizabeth, Cecily, Anne, Katherine, and Bridget,
and by her brother, Lionel Wydeville, Bishop of
Salisbury1. At that time, the Princess Elizabeth
was little more than eighteen, and her youngest
sister Bridget not quite three years old. Edward
the Fifth arrived in the metropolis on the 4th of
May, about which day his mother took refuge from
the machinations of her brother-in-law. On the
16th of June, Richard, who on the 27th of May
was declared Protector of the Realm, succeeded,
through the eloquence of Cardinal Bourchier, in
inducing the Queen to resign the Duke of York into
his hands. That the Duke perished in the Tower
with his brother, Edward the Fifth, though doubted
by some writers, seems nevertheless to be as conclu-
sively proved as, in the absence of positive evidence,
any fact can be established ; and for a few months,

1 See a letter printed in the " Excerpta Historioa," p. 16.

f 2

XXXvi MEMOIR OF

during which Edward the Fourth's widow and

daughters continued in sanctuary, the Usurper en-
joyed the throne, undisturbed by conspirators or
rivals.

Early in October, however, whilst at Lincoln,
Richard was astonished to learn that his friend and
supporter, the Duke of Buckingham, whom he styled
with some justice, " the most untrue creature living,"
had renounced his allegiance, and was taking mea-
sures to dethrone him. The Duke's motives, though
variously stated, appear to have been, in the first
instance, the hope of attaining the crown, his claim
being founded upon his descent from Thomas Duke
of Gloucester, the youngest son of Edward the
Third l ; for, however absurd in the eyes of others
may be the pretence, there is nothing too vague for
ambition to lay hold on, when accompanied by
what is deemed sufficient power and influence to

1 Sharon Turner, after noticing this descent, says, on the authority
of an apocryphal speech imputed to Buckingham by Grafton, " Yet
the lineal right on which his heated fancy preferred to rest, was,
that his mother was the heiress of the house of Somerset, which,
by Gaunt's third wife, asserted itself to be next in succession to the
crown." — vol. hi., p. 507. This could not possibly have been the case,
because the duke's mother was only the daughter and coheiress
of Edmund Duke of Somerset, second son of John Marquess of
Dorset (the eldest son of John of Gaunt by Katherine Swynford) ;
and John Duke of Somerset, the first son, left issue Margaret Countess
of Richmond, mother of Henry the Seventh. The idea that he forgot
the superior pretensions of the Countess until she reminded him of
them in a conversation near Worcester, is too weak to need refutation.
— Grafton's Chronicle, p. 117. Hall's Chronicle, p. 388.

ELIZABETH OF YORK. XXXV11

enforce its desires. But rinding that his party
would not support so preposterous an object, the
Duke espoused the cause of the Earl of Richmond,
who it was resolved should marry Elizabeth, the
eldest daughter of Edward the Fourth, and the law-
ful heiress to the throne. If such a transition,
as from being himself the claimant he became the
aider of another pretender to the crown, actually
occurred, Buckingham's real motives were undoubt-
edly a desire to revenge some affront or injustice
which he received from Richard, and his overthrow
does not merit the slightest sympathy.

The proposed union being communicated to the
Countess of Richmond, by Sir Reginald Bray,
she heartily approved of the design, and sent her
physician, Dr. Lewis, to Westminster, to discuss the
subject with the late Queen. Her assent was easily
obtained ; and she promised that if Henry would
solemnly engage to marry her daughter, she and
her friends would support the attempt in his fa-
vour. At that moment the Earl of Richmond and
his uncle, Jasper Tudor Earl of Pembroke, were
in Brittany, whither they fled after the battle of
Tewksbury, and Christopher Ursewick, chaplain to
the Countess of Richmond, together with Mr. Con-
way, were sent to that province with intelligence of
the plot. The rebellion began to assume a formid-
able character, but Richard was neither ignorant of,
nor indifferent to the proceedings, and made vigor-

xxxviii \IEMOIR of

ous preparations to suppress them. On the 12th
of October, he wrote to the Chancellor from Lin-
coln, informing him of Buckingham's treachery ; and
desiring that the great seal might be sent him, in
case he was too infirm to come himself, adding, in
his own hand, that he hoped it would not be long
before he was in the neighbourhood of the Duke to
subdue his malice1. On the 24th of September,
Buckingham sent to Richmond, appointing the 18th
of October for the general rising, and urging him
to land on that day at Plymouth2. So much of the
plan as depended on the confederates in England
was promptly executed, but it was met by equal
promptitude on the part of the King. A heavy fall
of rain, by swelling the Severn, prevented Buck-
ingham from crossing that river and joining his
other forces ; and his followers, being perhaps intimi-
dated by Richard's proclamation, which was issued
from Leicester on the 23d of October, became dis-
heartened, and deserted. The Duke sought safety
in flight, but, being betrayed by one of his servants,
he was apprehended, conveyed to Salisbury, and
beheaded on the 2nd of November, 1483. Rich-
mond sailed from Brittany on the 12th of October
with 5000 Breton soldiers, and arrived off the coast,
but doubting whether the troops which were ready
to receive him were friends or enemies, he did not

1 Ellis's " Original Letters." * Rot. Parl., \i, p. 245.

ELIZABETH OF YORK.

land. Richard having marched into the western
counties, his appearance struck terror into the Earl's
supporters ; and their leaders fled to Brittany, whi-
ther Richmond retired, on hearing of the execution
of Buckingham. On Christmas-day following, the
Earl of Richmond, accompanied by the Marquess
of Dorset, went to the cathedral of Vannes, where
they solemnly pledged themselves to each other,
and Richmond swore to marry Elizabeth of York
immediately after he ascended the throne.

Richard returned to London before the 1st of De-
cember, and in the Parliament which met at West-
minster on the 23rd of January, 1484, his right to
the crown was admitted, the marriage of Edward the
Fourth was pronounced void, and his children were
bastardized. The Earl of Richmond, the Earl of
Pembroke, the Duke of Buckingham, the Queen's
son, the Marquess of Dorset, and her brothers, Sir
Richard Wydeville, and Lionel Bishop of Salis-
bury, with Morton Bishop of Ely, the Bishop of
Exeter, and several other persons were attainted of
high treason. The Countess of Richmond was de-
clared to have merited a similar punishment, for
" sending writings, tokens, and messages to the Earl
her son, stirring him to invade the realm;" but in
consideration of the services which her husband,
Lord Stanley, had rendered the King, he forbore
to attaint the Countess, but the act declared her
lands to be forfeited, degraded her from all titles of

MEMOIR OF

dignity, and settled her property on her husband
for life, with remainder to the crown1.

It would appear that Queen Elizabeth and her
children remained for several months in sanctuary;
and the sudden disappearance, if not murder, of
her sons, as well as the attainder and flight of
her brothers and friends, were calculated to in-
crease the fears which made her seek its protec-
tion. On the 1st of March, 1484, ten months after
they entered it, Richard solemnly bound himself
by a written engagement, on the word of a King,
that if the daughters of the Queen, whom he styles
" late calling herself Queen of England," would
quit their place of refuge, and submit to his direc-
tion, their lives and honour should be secured to
them ; that they should not be imprisoned, but be
supported in a manner suitable to his kinswomen,
and that he would marry them to gentlemen of birth,
giving to each an estate in lands of the yearly value
of two hundred marks ; and that he would strictly
charge their husbands to treat them as his relations,
upon pain of his displeasure. He moreover promised
to allow their mother 700 marks, £266. 13s. 4d
a year, and to discountenance any reports circu-
lated to their prejudice. The document itself is
of so much interest that it is proper a literal copy
of it should be inserted :

1 Rot. Parl., vi., p. 244 et seq., and p. 250-1.

ELIZABETH OF YORK. xli

"Md. that I Richard by the Grace of God King of
England and of Fraunce, and Lord of Irland, in the presens
of you my Lords spirituell and temporell, and you Mair and
Aldermen of my Cite of London, promitte and swere verbo
regio upon these holy Evangelies of God by me personelly
touched, that if the doughters of dame Elizabeth Gray late
calling her selfFQuene of England, that is to wit Elizabeth,
Cecill, Anne, Kateryn, and Briggitte, woli come unto me
out of the Sanctwarie of Westminster and be guyded, ruled,
and demeaned after me, than I shall see that they shalbe in
suertie of their lyffs, and also not suffre any manner hurt by
any maner persone or persones to them or any of theim or
their bodies and persones, to be done by way of ravissement
or defouling contrarie their willes, nor them or any of theim
emprisone within the Toure of London or other prisonne ;
but that I shall put theim in honest places of good name and
fame, and theim honestly and curtesly shall see to be
founden and entreated, and to have all things requisite and
necessary for their exibicion and findings as my kynnes-
women ; and that I shall do marie suche of them as now
ben mariable to Gentilmen born, and everiche of them geve
in mariage lands and tenements to the yerely vale we of cc.
marcs for term of their lyves ; and in likewise to the other
doughters when they come to lawfull age of mariage if they
lyff. And suche gentilmen as shall happ to marie with them
I shall straitly charge, from tyme to tyme, lovyngly to love
and entreate them as their wiffs and my kynneswomen, as
they woll advoid and eschue my displeasur.

" And over this that I shall yerely fromhensfurth content
and pay, or cause to be contented and paied, for th'exhibi-
cion and finding of the said dame Elizabeth Gray during her
naturall liff at iiij. termes of the yere, that is to wit at

xlii MEMOIR OF

pasche, midsomer, michilmasse, and christenmesse, to John
Nesfelde, one of the squiers for my body, for his finding, to
attende upon her, the summe of DCC. marcs of lawfull money
of England, by even porcions ; and moreover I promitte to
them, that if any surmyse or evyll report be made to me of
them, or any of them, by any persoue or persones, that than
I shall not geve therunto faith ne credence, nor therfore put
them to any maner ponysshement, before that they or any
of them so accused may be at their lawfull defence and
•answer. In witnesse whereof to this writing of my Othe
and Promise aforsaid, in your said presences made, I have
set my sign manuell the first day of Marche the first yere of
my Reigne1."

If this document be genuine, and that it is so
cannot reasonably be doubted, ample evidence is
afforded of the interest which the country felt about
the children of Edward the Fourth ; and it may be
inferred that they quitted the sanctuary in March,
1484. Mr. Sharon Turner's remark, that "there
was indeed an unworthy jealousy of power in not
calling them Princesses in his oath, and in the idea
of marrying them as private gentlewomen merely2,"
is not well founded, because the marriage of their
mother had just before been declared invalid, and
they were bastardized by the Act of Settlement;
hence, if Richard had styled them " Princesses,"
or treated them in any other way than as private
gentlewomen, he would have contradicted the act

1 Ellis's " Original Letters." Second Series. Vol. L, p. 149.
8 "History of England," ed. 1825, vol. iv. p. 14.

ELIZABETH OF YORK. xliii

of Parliament, and have impeached his own title
to the crown.

The death of the Prince of Wales, the eldest son
of Richard the Third, on the 9th of the following
April, plunged the Usurper into profound grief;
and if he were accessary to the murder of his ne-
phews about the same time in the preceding year,
the blow must have fallen with additional force
from the suggestions of his conscience that it might
have been directed as an act of retributive justice.
No change was produced by this circumstance in
the situation of the children of the late monarch ;
but as it became necessary to name a successor
to the crown, Richard selected his nephew the Earl
of Lincoln, son of his sister Elizabeth Duchess
of Suffolk. From the time when the instrument
by which their safety was guaranteed was issued,
little is known of them ; and though they are pre-
sumed to have lived in the Court, the only notice
of the mother or daughters is the remark of the
Chronicler of Croyland, that at the celebration
of Christmas by the Court, in 1484, Elizabeth of
York was "dressed in clothes of the same form and
colour as those of Queen Anne, Richard's consort,
from which circumstance many people supposed
that he intended to free himself from his wife either
by a divorce or by her death, and to marry his niece
Elizabeth." This fact could not warrant such an
hypothesis, and the only rational conclusion to be

g 2

xliv MEMOIR OF

drawn from the coincidence is, that Richard strictly
fulfilled his engagement that his nieces should be
supported as became his kinswomen.

The question, whether Richard intended to marry
Elizabeth in the event of the death of his wife, is
important to his character ; and the truth of the as-
sertion, that before Queen Anne's decease he was
not only accepted, but eagerly courted, by Elizabeth,
is no less material to her fame.

Richard's detractors have insisted, that after he
discovered the intentions of the friends of Elizabeth,
and of the Earl of Richmond, to blend their respec-
tive pretensions to the crown by their marriage, he
was impressed with the policy of strengthening his
own title by making her his Queen ; that this be-
came apparent in the similarity of her costume to the
dress of her Majesty, as early as Christmas, 1484 ;
that to promote his wishes he actually poisoned his
wife ; and that after her death, which took place
on the llth of March, 1485, his design was aban-
doned in consequence of the representations of his
advisers, that a union between an uncle and niece
was so unnatural, that if it occurred, the disgust of
his subjects would, in all likelihood, drive him from
the throne.

It will tend to simplify the discussion of these
points, if the horror with which such a marriage
is said to have been viewed be first examined.

Following the example of almost every writer

ELIZABETH OF YORK. xlv

who has treated of English history, in the fatal
error of estimating conduct by the standard of
morality and customs of the present day instead
of by that of the period alluded to, the violent
assailants of Richard have found a source of ob-
loquy in the very possibility of so incestuous a
union. The legality or illegality of a marriage of
relations must depend upon the rules of the church
to which the parties belong. It was undoubtedly
forbidden by the canon law; but the same law
forbade a marriage between persons within the
fourth degrees of kindred. The Pope was, how-
ever, considered to possess a dispensing power, and
though, as a matter of feeling, there is a material
difference between the union of first or second
cousins, and the marriage of a niece to her uncle,
each alliance was illegal without the exercise of
that power. The Pontiif not only might, but often
did, authorize the marriage of uncles and nieces ;
and where would have been the crime, if Richard,
as a son of the church of Rome, had sought to
fortify his throne and prevent a civil war by avail-
ing himself of an indulgence which then, as now,
is held in all Catholic countries to be strictly legal ?
It is true that in England relatives so closely con-
nected seldom married, and, excepting under ur-
gent circumstances, it might not have been wise
to deviate so much from the general custom ; but
all which is contended is, that an act which was

xlvi

MEMOIR OF

not unusual in other countries, which was not for-
bidden by the common law, and which could be
rendered lawful in the eyes of the church, might
have been contemplated by Richard the Third with-
out rendering him the incestuous monster he has
been represented.

It is next desirable to inquire whether Richard
actually did wish to marry the Princess Elizabeth.
With the exception of a letter cited by Buck, from
her to the Duke of Norfolk, there is no evidence
that he ever entertained such an intention. The
Chronicler of Croyland, Buck, More, Grafton, and
those who have followed them, certainly assert that
such were his views. Their statements, however,
not only require to be supported by proofs, but
are open to violent suspicion, on the ground that
it could not have been Richard's policy to form
an alliance with either of Edward the Fourth's
daughters.

In the absence of conclusive evidence upon a
point of history, the obvious interests of the indi-
vidual concerned must be allowed great weight ;
and if a statement which stands on very dubious
authority cannot be believed without assigning to
him to whom it relates conduct directly at variance
with that which the public records shew he pur-
sued ; and if credence, in that statement can only
be given by imputing to the person an inconsist-
ency so great, and a change of opinion so flagrant,

ELIZABETH OF YORK. xlvii

•

that his political existence must have been endan-
gered, there is just cause for rejecting every thing
short of positive proof '.

The murder of the young princes by Richard's
commands may be believed, because it was impera-
tively his interest to remove them, and because there
is little doubt that they actually did disappear and
were never afterwards heard of. That it was not
his interest to marry the Princess Elizabeth, and,
consequently, that the strongest testimony is neces-
sary to prove that he intended to do so, is apparent
from the following circumstances.

It was the act of the first parliament which he
summoned, to bastardize the children of his brother,
because their legitimacy would have been an insur-
mountable bar to his right to the throne by " inhe-
ritance," which was the title he pretended to pos-
sess l. In the only document which has been dis-
covered relative to them, dated in March, 1484,
they are treated as illegitimate ; and on the death
of the Prince of Wales in April, the Earl of Lincoln
was declared heir to the Crown. It is certain that
they were still considered in the same light so late
as August in that year, when, with the view of
strengthening the alliance with Scotland, Richard

» Act of Settlement. Rot. Parl. vi., 241. The children of his elder
brother, the Duke of Clarence, were declared incapable of inheriting
by reason of their father's attainder, and the crown was settled on
Richard and the heirs of his body.

xlviii MEMOIR OF

promised his niece Anne, the daughter of the
Duchess of Suffolk, to the Prince of Scotland, she
being his nearest female relation whose blood was
not bastardized or attainted. These acts occurred
many months after he became aware of the design
of marrying the Earl of Richmond to Elizabeth of
York ; and there seems no greater reason why he
should have thought it politic to marry Elizabeth
after August, 1484, than previous to that time.
Independent of his relationship to her, there were
other obstacles to their union. His title to the crown
would not have been strengthened by marrying a
woman whom the law had declared a bastard ; and
to have repealed that declaration would be to call
into existence her right to the crown and to proclaim
himself an usurper. A measure so inconsistent with
his safety, so contradictory to the whole tenor of his
policy, seems incredible ; and can it for a moment
be believed that he endeavoured to effect it by
the murder of a wife who was fast hastening to
the tomb with disease, and by a marriage which
even the authority of the Pope could not, it is
said, reconcile to the feelings and manners of his
subjects ?

There is no difficulty in supposing that Richard
would commit any crime which his interests might
dictate; but it is not so easy to imagine that he
would imbrue his hands in the blood of his wife to
gain an object, which, so far from promoting his

ELIZABETH OF YORK. xlix

interests, must have materially injured them. The
worst enemies of the Usurper have contented them-
selves with representing him as an atrocious villain,
but not one of them has described him as a fool.
According to the authorities by whom this scheme
is attributed to Richard, he entertained the design
of raising Elizabeth to the throne about Christmas,
1484, at which time his Queen was taken ill, and
when, by the advice of her physicians, he abstained
from her bed. It was soon discovered that she was
not likely to survive beyond the ensuing February,
and she actually died about the llth of March.
Upon the coincidence between the supposed wish
of Richard to marry Elizabeth in December, 1484,
and Anne's decease in March, 1485, has her hus-
band been accused of murdering her, a charge
which is deserving of attention for no other reason
than as it affords a remarkable example of the man-
ner in which ignorance and prejudice sometimes
render what is called history more contemptible
than a romance.

It appears, therefore, that, if Richard ever se-
riously contemplated marrying Elizabeth, he was
guilty of no greater crimes than extreme folly, and
the indelicacy of thinking of a second wife before
the death of his first, " a violation of the feelings
which," as Mr. Sharon Turner gravely remarks, in
reference to Richard, "society rightly chooses to
exact and to make sacred," but which has been

MEMOIR OF

violated by more sovereigns and more husbands than
Richard the Third. The evidence of his having
entertained such an intention will be now examined.

Though asserted by the Chronicler of Croyland,
by Grafton, Fabian, Hall, Sir Thomas More, and
their copyists, there is only one statement on the
subject which has the character of proof. But
that statement is by no means sufficiently conclu-
sive to establish a point of history against proba-
bility, because it contradicts a material part of the
story as related by the writers alluded to ; and be-
cause the article in question was only seen by an
historian whose violent prejudices do not sufficiently
account for the mendacity for which his work is
remarkable.

Buck, in his Life of Richard the Third, says,
" When the midst and last of February was past,
the Lady Elizabeth, being more impatient and jea-
lous of the success than every one knew or conceived,
writes a letter to the Duke of Norfolk, intimating
first, that he was the man in whom she most affied,
in respect of that love her father had ever bore
him, &c. Then she congratulates his many cour-
tesies, in continuance of which, she desires him
to be a mediator for her to the King, in behalf of the
marriage propounded between them, who, as she
wrote, was her only joy and maker in this world,
and that she was his in heart and thought; with
all insinuating, that the better part of February

ELIZABETH OF YORK. 11

was past, and that she feared the queen would
never die.

" All these be her own words, written with her
own hand, and this is the sum of her letter, which
remains in the autograph, or original draft, under
her own hand, in the magnificent cabinet of Thomas
Earl of Arundel and Surrey 1."

If this letter really existed2, and if Buck has cited
it fairly, it would be in vain to contend against such
testimony, and Elizabeth's fame would be irredeem-
ably affected, not on the ground of her relationship
to Richard, but from his being the author of the
misfortunes and disgrace of her family, if not the
murderer of her brothers ; and because she had
pledged herself but a few months before to marry
the Earl of Richmond. The character of Buck as
a faithless writer is well known ; and even if his
notorious inaccuracies and prejudices do not justify
the suspicion that the letter itself was never written,
it is not too much to suggest that the interpretation
which he has given to it is at variance with truth.
As Buck has inserted copies of several documents
of much less interest, it may be asked, why did he
not give this most important letter at length ? Nor

i Ed. 1646, p. 128.

s It is proper to observe, that Dr. Lingard, whose sagacity is not
exceeded by that of any other historian of England, seems to believe
that Richard really intended to marry Elizabeth, and does not express
any doubt of the accuracy of Buck's report of her letter to the Duke
of Norfolk.—" History of England," ed. 1823, vol. v., p. 355 and
p. 359.

h 2

Ill MEMOIR OF

is it less remarkable, that even if he were the first
person who brought it to light, no other individual
should have had sufficient curiosity to copy it.
Buck's work appeared in the days of Dugdale, of
Anthony Wood, and of several other eminent an-
tiquaries, who have left imperishable monuments
of their zeal in collecting historical materials, yet
not a single transcript, much less the original of
this extraordinary communication, is known to be
extant. No other writer than Buck ever saw it, so
that its existence rests upon his authority alone,
and every one must form his own judgment as to
the degree of confidence to which he is entitled1.
The Chroniclers, who impute to Richard the design
of marrying his niece, agree in stating that she
resolutely opposed his wishes. Grafton's words
are, " But because all men, and the maiden herself
most of all, detested and abhorred this unlawful and

1 If the letter cited by Buck really existed, its purport may perhaps
be reconciled with other facts by supposing that he mistook its date,
or assigned to it a wrong one ; and that, in fact, the person for whom
she expressed so eager a desire to marry was Henry instead of Richard.
Many parts of the abstract would agree with this hypothesis, for the
allusion to February, and Queen Anne, Buck calls an "insinuation,"
and a passage of doubtful import becomes doubly doubtful when
construed by so suspicious a reporter. The only thing which renders
this idea unlikely is, that the letter is said to have been addressed to
the Duke of Norfolk, who perished at Bosworth Field ; but may not
its address, too, have been an " inference" arising from its being in the
possession of the duke's descendant ? It would, however, be useless
to press the point farther, since there is no limit to conjecture ; but
any probable explanation of so dubious a version of that document
is entitled to attention. Sharon Turner, in his zeal to exculpate
Kichard, suggests that, if this letter be genuine, he was the " seduced,"
rather than the " seducer." " History of England," vol. iv., p. 24.

ELIZABETH OF YORK.

in manner unnatural copulation, he determined to
prolong and defer the matter till he were in more
quietness ;" and this is the only explanation he
gives, why, when Queen Anne died in March,
1485, Richard did not execute his design. The
Croyland Chronicler, however, offers this additional
reason, that twelve doctors in theology gave it as
their opinion that the Pope could not legalize it
by any dispensation. If this be true, it is not very
evident from what source the Pontiff derives the
power of authorizing such an alliance at the present
day, even if instances cannot be adduced of the
practice at the period in question.

For the reasons which have been stated, it may
be presumed that Richard never contemplated a
marriage with Elizabeth ; that the letter noticed by
Buck is grossly misquoted, even if any letter to that
purport was ever written by her; and that the
whole tale was invented with the view of blacken-
ing Richard's character, to gratify the monarch in
whose reign all the contemporary writers who relate
it flourished, an opinion which is supported by the
fact, that not one of them even insinuates that
Elizabeth consented to the alliance, but agree in
stating her utter repugnance to the project.

The materials for a history of the reign of Richard
the Third are so very meagre and imperfect, that
every thing which is contemporary with it merits
attention. For this reason it would be improper not
to notice a kind of metrical narrative of Elizabeth

liv MEMOIR OF

of York's connection with the revolution in favour
of Henry the Seventh, entitled " The Most Pleasant
Song of Lady Bessy," written by Humphrey Brereton,
who represents himself to have been an Esquire
in the retinue of Lord Stanley, afterwards Earl of
Derby ; to have been privy to the manner in which
that nobleman was detached from Richard's in-
terests ; to have carried the letters to Lord Stanley's
son, brother, and other relatives in Cheshire, urging
them to espouse Richmond's cause; and to have
been the bearer of a communication from Elizabeth
and Stanley to Henry in Brittany. Of this " Song,"
two copies, differing materially from ea'ch other,
are extant. One of them is a corrupt if not inter-
polated transcript, in the hand-writing of the reign
of Charles the Second, in the possession of William
Bateman, Esq., and has been lately printed with
a judicious preface and notes by Mr. Hey wood.
The other transcript, which is in the Harleian MS.
367, has suffered less from the ignorance of the
copyist, though it is by no means certain that it
is in the same state as the author wrote it. That
much historical information is often contained in
productions of this nature is well known, for of
many events there are no other than metrical de-
scriptions. It is difficult to determine to what
extent the statements in this " Song" are to be
received as truth ; but that they are not wholly
imaginary is unquestionable. That Humphrey
Brereton was in the service of Lord Stanley ; that

ELIZABETH OF YORK. Iv

he was entrusted with letters from his master to the
parties he mentions in Cheshire ; that he was sent
to Richmond ; and that the " Song" was written by
him soon after the accession of Henry the Seventh,
may perhaps be conceded. Many of the facts
which he relates are points of history that have
never been doubted, hence the outlines of his pic-
ture may be relied on ; but the nice question is, to
what extent did he draw upon his imagination in
the grouping, colouring, and filling up ? That he
has introduced a great deal of fiction in the minor
details, especially in reference to himself; that in
imitation of the only historians of his times, the
Chroniclers, he has put speeches into the mouths
of persons which never were spoken ; and that he
has not hesitated to add to the interest of his story,
by introducing circumstances which could not have
occurred, — such, for example, as the Princess Eliza-
beth taking him in her arms, and thrice kissing
him, — cannot for a moment be denied. Still these
blemishes do not divest his composition of claims to
be considered of some historical authority in relation
to events in which he was himself concerned ; nor
does the circumstance of his speaking of Lord
Stanley as Earl of Derby lessen his credibility, for
though that nobleman did not possess the latter
title when the events described took place, it was
usual for early writers to allude to individuals by
the designations borne by them at the time they
wrote. The most probable facts related by Brereton,

MEMOIR OF

but which rest on his authority alone, are that Eli-
zabeth was especially recommended to the care of
Lord Stanley by Edward the Fourth on his death-
bed ; that she lodged in his house in London after
she quitted the sanctuary ; that she was privy to
the rising in favour of Richmond ; that she could
write and read both French and Spanish ; that
Brereton was sent into Cheshire to Stanley's son,
Lord Strange, to his brother, and to other relations,
entreating them to support Richmond's cause ; and
that he was the bearer of letters to Henry in
Brittany, together with a letter and a ring from
Elizabeth to him. On his return, he says, that he
found her in London ; that she shortly afterwards
accompanied Stanley to Leicester ; and that she was
in the neighbourhood of Bosworth when that battle
was fought. Whether, as Brereton relates, Lord
Stanley was induced to abandon Richard in con-
sequence of Elizabeth's pathetic remonstrances, and
of the picture which she held up to his view of the
Usurper's character, charging him with the murder
of Henry the Sixth, and of the two young princes,
with poisoning his Queen that he might make her
" his leman," and all the other crimes with which
his enemies have loaded his memory, cannot be
determined, but perhaps this part of his tale is that
which is least worthy of credit. In these particulars,
however, the statements of Grafton are closely fol-
lowed ; and if the slightest reliance can be placed
on Brereton's authority, it must be concluded that

ELIZABETH Of YORK. IvH

Henry was indebted to Elizabeth alone for the sup-
port of the Stanleys, and consequently for his crown,
that Richard sought to obtain, if not her hand, at
least her person, that her fidelity to her engage-
ment with Henry remained unshaken, and that she
treated the Usurper's advances with scorn and ab-
horrence.

Grafton states that Richmond received intima-
tion of Richard's design to marry Elizabeth, and to
give her sister Cecily to " a man found in a cloud
and of an unknown lineage and family," and that,
despairing, therefore, of becoming the husband of
either of Edward the Fourth's daughters, Henry
sought to strengthen his cause by treating for a
marriage with the sister of Sir Walter Herbert, a
person of an ancient family and great influence in
Wales, whose other sister was the wife of Henry
Earl of Northumberland, but that his messenger
to Herbert found it impossible to proceed. The
inconsistency of one part of this story is so great
that it is unworthy of credence ; for if Richard
intended to elevate Elizabeth to the throne, it is
highly improbable that he would allow her next
sister to contract an obscure alliance.

The concluding events of Richard's reign do not
require to be recapitulated in this work. From the
commencement of the year 1483, until the acces-
sion of Henry the Seventh, all which is known of
Elizabeth is, that it is said she and her cousin the

Iviii MEMOIR OF

Earl of Warwick were sent to the castle of Sheriff
Hutton, in Yorkshire, as soon as Richard heard
of Richmond's invasion1, but this does not agree
with Brereton's statement that she accompanied
Lord Stanley to Leicester and saw the corpse of
Richard.

Immediately after Henry arrived in London,
Elizabeth was brought to the metropolis with great
state, and entrusted to her mother, the Queen dow-
ager. The nation eagerly expected the fulfilment
of the King's engagement to marry her, and thus
unite the representation of the houses of York and
Lancaster ; but, from a cause which has never been
explained, their nuptials did not take place for five
months after his accession.

Upon Henry's title to the crown some remarks
will not be considered misplaced, because a new
fact on the subject has been recently brought to
light. In discussing it the circumstance will not
again be adverted to that he had no hereditary
right whatever, because his mother, through whom
he descended from the house of Lancaster, was
alive, for in urging his pretensions he evidently
alluded to those which he derived from her?
and it may have been considered that she re-

1 An interesting little volume, entitled "An Account of Sheriff
Hutton Castle," has been recently published at York; and its having
been said that Elizabeth was sent to that place by Richard the Third,
has induced the author to insert an account of her with a portrait ;
but nothing occurs in confirmation of that statement.

ELIZABETH OF YORK.

signed her claims in his favour, which arrange-
ment the legislature would probably have sanc-
tioned, had Parliament recognized his right by
inheritance.

His only pretensions by descent, consisted in
being the representative of the House of Lancas-
ter, as sole heir of John of Gaunt, and, after the
death of Henry the Sixth, the next heir of that
monarch. The superior claims of the House of
York, from representing Lionel Duke of Clarence,
the second son of Edward the Third, do not require
to be pointed out. They were too obvious to de-
ceive Henry or his advisers; and though it was
contended that the children of Edward the Fourth
were illegitimate, that the issue of the Duke of Cla-
rence were incapable of inheriting in consequence
of the attainder of their father, and that Richard
the Third left no issue, still the sisters of those
princes, or their children, as well as many de-
scendants of Isabel, the aunt of Edward the Fourth,
were then in existence ; and unless they too were
bastardized, or rendered incapable by an act of
the legislature, they possessed a superior claim to
any descendant of John of Gaunt. But Henry's
pretension to be the lineal heir of that personage
was impeached; and Richard, in a proclamation
dated on the 23rd of June, 1484, observed that " his
mother was daughter unto John Duke of Somerset,
son unto John Earl of Somerset, son unto Dame
Katherine Swynford, and of their in double avoutry

i 2

MEMOIR OF

gotten1," by which was meant that the Earl of
Somerset was begotten by John of Gaunt on Kathe-
rine Swynford, during the lifetime of his wife and
of her husband ; and though the Beauforts were
legitimated by the King, and by Parliament, in
February, 1397, it has hitherto been considered
that the instrument for the purpose contained a
special exception against its conferring any right
to the royal dignity. This, however, was not the
fact, but it is extremely doubtful if Henry himself
was aware that his maternal pedigree was free from
the defect so confidently ascribed to it. The Pa-
tent of Legitimation, as it was originally granted,
as it was entered on the Patent Rolls, and as it
received the sanction of Parliament, rendered the
issue of John of Gaunt by Katherine Swynford
capable of taking every species of dignity, honour,
or office, and removed all objections on the ground
of impure birth. A few years afterwards, and
before the year 1407, when Henry the Fourth ex-
emplified and confirmed the said grant to John
Beaufort Earl of Somerset, the words " excepta dig-
nitate regali " were added to the enrolment on the
Patent Rolls, as an interlineation, though they were
not inserted in the copy on the Rolls of Parliament,
and they were also introduced into the exemplifi-
cation to the Earl of Somerset. But this alteration

1 Ellis' "Original Letters," Second Series, vol. i., p. 164. An
article on the subject of the legitimacy of the Earl of Beaufort, and on
the connexion of John of Gaunt with Katherine Swynford, will be
found in the " Excerpta Historica," p. 152.

ELIZABETH OF YORK. l\i

• .

has no legal effect, because the operative grant is
that which was sanctioned by Parliament, so that
the mother of Henry the Seventh was by law the
lineal heir of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster.

Sensible that his title to the Crown, by descent,
was too defective to be urged, but being, at the same
time, extremely reluctant to acknowledge that he
was in any way indebted for the throne to his in-
tended union with the heiress of York, Henry re-
solved to obtain a recognition of his right by the
legislature previous to his marriage. A Parlia-
ment met at Westminster on the 7th of September,
1485, and one of its first measures was to settle the
crown. When the commons presented their speaker
to Henry, he addressed them in a short speech, in
which he noticed his accession " as well by just
hereditary title as by the sure judgment of God,
which was manifested by giving him the victory in
the field over his enemy V On the accession of
Henry the Fourth, Edward the Fourth, and Richard
the Third, the three monarchs in whose favour the
lineal order of descent was broken, the Act of Set-
tlement stated their claims to the throne by inherit-
ance ; but Parliament appears to have grounded
Henry the Seventh's right on his being King de
facto, before it met, and to have considered that all
which was necessary for it to do was to state that
fact, and to settle the royal dignity upon him and
the heirs of his body. The Act of Settlement is

1 Rot. Parl. vi. 268.

MEMOIR OF

an usurper. Not satisfied with the admission of his
alleged right by Parliament, Henry resolved that
his coronation should also precede his nuptials, and
on the 30th of October that ceremony took place at
Westminster. Nearly two months more were al-
lowed to elapse, and still nothing was done with
relation to his marriage. Some writers have attri-
buted the delay to his intending to offer his hand to
the heiress of Brittany, and it has been generally
said that he fulfilled his pledge to Elizabeth with
great reluctance. If it be true that she professed a
desire to marry Richard the Third, and thus aban-
doned him for his rival, his coldness, when fortune
proved propitious, independent of any personal ob-
jections which he may have entertained, was neither
surprising nor unnatural. On this subject nothing
certain is known ; but that some suspicion was felt
as to his intentions with regard to Elizabeth, and
that the nation was most anxious for their union,
is placed beyond a doubt by the petition of the
commons on the llth of December, 1485, imme-
diately before the Parliament was prorogued. The
Speaker, Sir Thomas Lovell, then prayed the King,
" that in consideration of the right to the realms of
England and France being vested in his person, and
the heirs of his body, by the authority of the said
Parliament, he would be pleased to espouse the
Lady Elizabeth, daughter of King Edward the
Fourth, which marriage they hoped God would bless

ELIZABETH OF YORK. 1XV

with a progeny of the race of Kings l, to the great
satisfaction of the whole realm." The Lords spiritual
and temporal, rising from their seats, and bowing to
the throne, expressed their concurrence in the re-
quest, and Henry answered that he was willing to
comply with their wishes2.

This intimation was too decisive not to be com-
plied with, and on the 1 8th of January following the
nuptials of the King and Elizabeth were solemnized
with great splendour and magnificence at West-
minster. The doubt which has been entertained as
to whether Henry would have fulfilled his engage-
ment, had he not been addressed in so unequivocal a
manner by his Parliament, is somewhat strengthened
by the dates of the bulls for the purpose, the sanc-
tion of the Holy See being requisite in consequence
of their being related within the prohibited degrees
of consanguinity. Application appears to have been
made to the Pope very soon after the request of the
Commons, but the first of the three bulls which were
granted is dated on the 2nd of March, 1485-6, in
which the importance of the alliance is pointed out,
and Elizabeth is recognized as the undoubted heir
and eldest child of Edward the Fourth, but it is
evident that the Pontitf was ignorant that the mar-
riage had taken place 3. Nor does he appear to
have been aware of the circumstance on the 27th

i By this expression, "de stirpe regum," Lingard considers that
the Kings of each line were meant. " History of England," v. 377.
» Rot. Parl. vi. 278. 8 Foedera, xii. 294.

Ixvi MEMOIR OF

of that month, when he issued a second rescript,
confirming the instrument of the 2nd of March ;
and, after stating that the title of Henry was by
right of war, by indisputable hereditary succes-
sion, by the election of his subjects, and by the
consent of the three estates of the realm, he de-
nounced the penalties of excommunication to all
who might rebel against his authority l.

Power had been delegated to the Bishop of Imola,
the Pope's legate, to grant a dispensation to any
twelve persons to marry, notwithstanding the im-
pediment of consanguinity ; and Henry availed him-
self of the circumstance to avoid waiting the arrival
of the permission for which he applied to the Pontiff;
but doubts arose in the breasts of one or both the
parties whether their marriage, by virtue of a dis-
pensation under a delegated authority, and before
the sanction of the Holy See was obtained, might not
be impeached as irregular. A third bull was con-
sequently sought, which was granted on the 27th of
July. It notices the preceding rescripts, states that
it was granted at the instance of Henry and Eliza-
beth, that they had been married by virtue of Imola's
dispensation, and fully confirms and ratifies their
union2.

It is manifest from these documents, that the
dispensation was not applied for until the end of the
year 1485, whereas, if, from the moment of Henry's

1 Foedera, xii., p. 297. * Ibid., xii., p. 314.

ELIZABETH OF YORK. Ixvii

accession he intended to espouse Elizabeth, it may
be presumed that a dispensation would have been
sought some time before, even if he purposed post-
poning the ceremony until the legislature had re-
cognized his right to the throne. There is, how-
ever, an appearance of haste, after an unnecessary
delay of five months, in his availing himself of the
power vested in the Pope's legate instead of adopt-
ing the regular and more dignified course of waiting
for a specific bull for the purpose from Rome, which
tends to shew that the nation was impatient for the
union, and that Henry felt it would be dangerous
to defer the fulfilment of his engagement. To these
bulls much importance was attached, as a contem-
porary states that the King being at Coventry on
St. George's Day, 1487, at which time he was rais-
ing forces to subdue the rebellion of the Earl of Lin-
coln, " the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Bishops
of Winchester, Ely, London, Worcester, Exeter, and
the Prior of Coventry, all in pontificalibus, read and
declared the Pope's bulls, touching the King's and
Queen's right, and there in the choir, in the Bishop's
seat, by the authority of the same bulls, cursed with
book, bell, and candle all those that did anything
contrary to their right, and approving their titles
good1."

It was one of the acts of Henry's first Parliament
to restore the widow of Edward the Fourth to the

1 Leland's Collectanea, vol. iv., p. 209.

k 2

1XX MEMOIR OF

to travel she removed to Greenwich, and there kept
the Feast of All Hallows l.

About the middle of March, 1487, Henry made
a progress into Essex, Suffolk, and Norfolk, and
thence into Warwickshire. On St. George's day
he was at Coventry 2, and within three weeks he
heard of the landing of the Earl of Lincoln and
Lambert Simnell, in Ireland; for, on the 13th of
May, being then at Kenilworth, he wrote to the Earl
of Ormond, the Queen's chamberlain, stating that he
had received tidings of the landing of the rebels in
Ireland on the 5th of that month; that he had sent
to the Queen and his mother to come to him; that
he wished to have the Earl's advice about subduing
the rebellion ; and he commanded him, in pursuance
of his duty of attending on the Queen's person, to
accompany her to his presence 3. Her Majesty and
the Countess of Richmond accordingly joined Henry
at Kenilworth, and not long after their arrival news
were brought that the Earl of Lincoln and his ad-
herents had landed near Furnesse4.

This effort in favour of the first of the impostors
who disturbed Henry's reign was quelled by the
battle of Stoke, on the 16th of June ; and as soon as

1 Leland's Collectanea, vol. iv., p. 207. * Ibid. p. 210.

3 See a letter, printed in Ellis's " Original Letters," First Series,
vol. ii., p. 18. The editor of that work, presuming that Perkin War-
beck and his party were alluded to, has assigned this letter to the
13th of May, 1492. Very little research would have proved that it was
written four years earlier, and in reference to a different affair.

4 Leland's Collectanea, vol. iv., p. 210.

ELIZABETH OF YORK.

peace and order were fully re-established, prepara-
tions were made for the Queen's coronation. In
September, writs were issued from Warwick, sum-
moning the peers and others to attend that cere-
mony on the 25th of November following1. Their
Majesties commenced their journey from Warwick
on the 27th of October, and celebrated the Feast
of All Hallows at St. Alban's. Henry was received
in the metropolis on the 3rd of November as a con-
queror, in reference to his victory at Stoke, and he
proceeded to St. Paul's, attended by a numerous
retinue of lords, knights, and citizens. The Queen,
the Countess of Richmond, and other ladies of dis-
tinction, viewed the scene, privately, from a house in
St. Mary Spitell, without Bishopsgate ; and as soon
as the procession passed she went to Greenwich.

On Friday, the 23rd, the Queen left Greenwich by
water for her coronation, of which a very interest-
ing narrative is extant2. Arrayed in the robes of
royalty, she was accompanied by the Countess of
Richmond, her mother-in-law, and by an extensive
retinue of peers and peeresses, and was escorted by
the Lord-mayor, sheriffs, and aldermen of London.
Each Company furnished elegant barges, decorated
with silk banners and streamers, richly emblazoned
with the arms and badges, and rowed by men
dressed in the proper liveries, of the respective
crafts. Amidst the various objects of attraction,

1 Leland's " Collectanea," vol. iv., p. 216.
2 Ibid., p. 216-223.

MEMOIR OF

the Bachelor's barge claimed particular notice for
its superior splendour, and from its carrying a red
dragon, the ensign of the house of Tudor, which
spouted fire into the Thames. Music of all kinds
lent its aid to enliven the scene, and, thus attended,
her Majesty arrived at the Tower. As she entered
it, she was received by the King in the most gra-
cious manner, or, to use the words of the narrator
himself, " the King's highness welcomed her in
such manner and form, as was to all the estates
and others there being present a very good sight,
and right joyous and comfortable to behold." Ele-
ven Knights of the Bath were then created ; and
on the next day, after dinner, her Majesty being
" royally apparelled, in a kirtle of white cloth of
gold of damask, and a mantle of the same suit,
furred with ermine, fastened before her breast with
a great lace, curiously wrought of gold and silk,
and rich knobs of gold at the end, tasselled ;
her fair yellow hair hanging down plain behind
her back, with a call of pipes over it, and wear-
ing on her head a circle of gold, richly garnished
with precious stones," quitted her chamber of
state. Her train was borne by her sister, the Lady
Cecily, and being attended by a great retinue
of lords, ladies, and others, she entered her litter,
in which she was conveyed to Westminster. Most
of the streets, which were lined with the city com-
panies in their liveries, were hung with tapestry and
arras, whilst in Cheapside, and some other places,

ELIZABETH OF YORK.

rich cloths of gold and velvets and silks were dis-
played. The houses were filled with spectators,
and the crowd is represented as being immense, all
eager to " see the Queen in her royal apparel," a
feeling which had perhaps a deeper source than the
gratification of idle curiosity. Children, in the
dresses of angels and virgins, were placed in various
parts, who sung the Queen's praises as she passed ;
and, preceded by the Duke of Bedford as Lord Stew-
ard, the Earl of Oxford as Great Chamberlain, the
Earl of Derby as Constable, and the Earl of Not-
tingham as Marshal of England, by the Duke of
Suffolk, the Lord Mayor, Garter King of Arms, the
Heralds, and other official persons, and by the newly
made Knights of the Bath, with their banners borne
before them, her Majesty proceeded through the
city, sitting in her litter, under a canopy borne by
Knights of the body. Her sister Cecily, her aunt
the Duchess of Bedford, the Duchesses of Norfolk
and Suffolk, the Countess of Oxford, in two chairs,
and six Baronesses, mounted on palfreys, imme-
diately followed the Queen ; and in this order the
procession arrived at Westminster, where she slept.
The next morning she was arrayed in a kirtle and
mantle of purple velvet, furred with ermine laced
in front, and wore in her hair a circle of gold richly
set with pearls and other jewels. In this dress, she
proceeded to Westminster Hall, where she remained
under a canopy of state until the procession was
ready. From the place where she stood to the

Ixxiv MEMOIR OF

pulpit in the Abbey the ground was covered with
new ray cloth, and the struggle of the crowd to cut
it to pieces after she passed was extremely great.
The Earl of Arundel bore the staff with the dove,
the Duke of Suffolk the sceptre, and the Duke
of Bedford, who was bareheaded, the crown. On
one side, her Majesty was supported by the Bishop
of Winchester, and on the other, by the Bishop
of Ely, and she was immediately followed by the
Princess Cecily, who held her train. In this order
she entered the west door of Westminster Abbey,
and took her seat near the pulpit, when the usual
ceremonies were performed ; after which she re-
turned to the Palace at Westminster. The King was
a spectator from a handsome latticed stage, between
the pulpit and the high altar, where also stood his
mother, and many other ladies of rank.

An account of the dinner, including even the
dishes, is extant, at which it would appear, that those
only who formed part of the procession were pre-
sent, the King and his mother viewing it privately
from a latticed seat or stage, erected out of a window
on the left side of the Hall. The words in which
the author concludes his narrative of the Queen's
coronation convey an idea of the deep interest which
the country felt on the subject, "And then the
Queen departed with God's blessing, and to the re-
joicing of many a true Englishman's heart1."

1 He uses nearly the same expression when speaking of the birth of

ELIZABETH OF YORK. |X.\V

The next morning the King and Queen, with
their court, heard mass in St. Stephen's chapel,
after which " she kept her estate " in the Parliament
Chamber, the King's mother sitting on her right
hand, the Duchess of Bedford, her aunt, on her
left, and her sister Cecily at the end of the table.
At the side table sat the Duchesses of Suffolk
and Norfolk, the Countesses of Oxford, Wiltshire,
Rivers, and Nottingham, many Baronesses, and the
ladies attached to the Queen's person. After din-
ner her Majesty and the qther ladies danced ; and
the following day she returned to Greenwich, in
consequence of Parliamentary business, which pre-
vented the continuance of the feast l.

From the moment in which Elizabeth of York
became Queen of England her life loses its political
interest, and the few incidents illustrative of her
domestic habits and of her personal character which
are preserved, are to be gathered from the account
of the private expenses of herself and her hus-

Prince Arthur, " over all Te Deum laudamus songen with ringing of
bells, and in the most parte fire's made in the praising of God and the
rejoicing of every true Englishman." — Leland's " Collectanea," iv. 204.
1 The coronation was attended by fifteen Bishops, seventeen Ab-
bots, two Dukes, twelve Earls, two Viscounts, twenty Barons, the
heirs apparent of the Earls of Suffolk and Devonshire ; the King's
mother, and the Lady Cecily, the Queen's sister, three Duchesses,
four Countesses, seven Baronesses, thirty-one Knight Bannerets, one
hundred and fifty Knights, besides their wives and other gentle women ;
but neither the Queen's mother, nor any of her sisters, excepting
Cecily, appear to have been present. — Leland's " Collectanea," vol.
iv., p. 216 to 233.

1 2

MEMOIR OF

band. It has been asserted that Henry treated her
with austerity and unkindness, and that her hap-
piness was seriously affected both by his conduct
towards her, and by his severity towards her mother.
Bacon remarks, " that he shewed himself no very
indulgent husband towards her, though she was
beautiful, gentle, and fruitful; but his aversion
towards the House of York was so predominant in
him as it found place not only in his wars and coun-
cils but in his chamber and bed V There seems,
however, to be as little proof that Henry behaved
ill to his Queen, as that his conduct towards her
mother was cruel or rapacious. Dr. Lingard is
the first historian who has suggested that these
charges are partially, if not wholly, unfounded2;
and the conclusions to be drawn from the Privy Purse
Expenses of the King, to which that writer had not
access, fully justify the view which he has taken of
Henry's behaviour as a husband. It has been ob-
served by an able delineator of the human character,
who has assumed that the ill treatment of Elizabeth
Wydeville, and of her daughter, by Henry, actually
occurred, that " if the Queen loved her mother with
that feminine filial tenderness which is heightened
by participation in calamity, she could not possibly
have cherished much affection for her husband3."

1 "History of Henry the Seventh," ed. 1825, vol. iii., p. 122.

* " History of England," vol. v., pp. 379, 389, 398-9.

3 See a memoir of Elizabeth, Queen of Henry the Seventh, in

ELIZABETH OF YORK. Ixxvii

Both these questions are so closely connected with
the life of Elizabeth of York, that it is requisite to
discuss them.

On the accession of Henry the Seventh, he found
the late Queen one of the most pitiable objects in
his dominions. Stripped of her dignity and estates,
her honour and virtue impeached, her children
bastardized, her kindred banished and attainted,
and herself destitute of any other means of sup-
port than the annuity of 2331. , which Richard the
Third granted her *. It seems scarcely possible
for Henry to have increased the misery of her situ-
ation, excepting by depriving her of liberty ; but
if historians are to be credited, he seized on all
her possessions, and, from a suspicion of her having
countenanced the rebellion of the Earl of Lincoln,
in 1487, imprisoned her for life in the Monastery of
Bermondsey, the pretext being, that, after having
consented to her daughter's marriage with him, she
delivered her into the hands of Richard the Third.

Nothing can be more untrue than part, or more
absurd than all these statements. It was among the
earliest acts of Henry's reign 2 to restore her to her
fame as a woman, and to her dignity as a Queen,
by reversing the statute which had deprived her of

Lodge's "Illustrious Portraits." That writer was, however, mis-
taken on the subject, for he says it was one of the first acts of Henry's
reign to seize on all her estates, and to imprison her for life at Ber-
mondsey.

1 See page xlii., ante. * Rot. Parl., vi., 289.

Ixxviii MEMOIR OF

both ; and as that act did not vest in her any of the
lands which were forfeited by the statute that de-
graded her, the King, by letters patent, dated on the
4th of March, 1486, granted her various lordships for
life1, as part of the dower belonging to her after the
death of Edward the Fourth ; and the next day he
granted her, in full satisfaction of the residue of her
dower, 102/. per annum out of the fee farm of the
town of Bristol. Instead of being exiled from her
daughter's court, she was the only godmother to
Prince Arthur, and attended at the font. The period
when it is said she was placed in confinement is
about June, 1487, whereas, in November of that
year, Henry evinced his confidence in her by treat-
ing for her marriage with his ally the King of Scots,
" for the greater increase of the love and amity
between them ;" agreeing, at the same time, that
James, the second son of that monarch, should marry
the Princess Katherine, and that the Prince of Scot-
land should marry another of the daughters of Ed-
ward the Fourth2. Had Elizabeth Wydeville in-
curred his displeasure for aiding the revolt of the
Earl of Lincoln, a thing in itself incredible, and
been confined lest she should divulge the secret
that her son, the Duke of York, was still living, or
had Henry not felt assured that she was persuaded

1 Rot. Patent. 1 Henry VII., p. 3 m 25,— namely, Waltham, Badowe
Magna, Masshebury, Dunmore, Lieghes, and Farnhara, in Essex.
8 Foedera, vol. xii., p. 329.

ELIZABETH OF YORK.

of the death of her sons Edward the Fifth and his
brother, would he have given her the opportunity
of plotting against him which her situation as Queen
of Scotland would afford her l ?

The projected alliances were interrupted by the
rebellion of the Scotch barons, and were finally
frustrated by the death of the King of Scots, in
June, 1488 ; but proof exists that the Dowager
Queen was occasionally about the court subsequent
to that year, for shortly after her daughter " took
her chamber" for her confinement in November,
1489, she gave an audience to the French am-
bassadors, " when her mother, Queen Elizabeth,
and my Lady, the King's mother," are mentioned
as being present2. The latest notice of her in re-
lation to Henry the Seventh is on the 19th of
February, 1490, when he assigned her an annual
pension of 400/. a year, a sum fully adequate to
her wants even, but which does not appear to be
the case, if it were given in lieu of the lands granted
her in the first year of his reign 8. Her will has
been considered evidence of her destitution and im-
prisonment, but such an interpretation of that do-
cument is not just. It is dated on the 10th of
April, 1492, and from being witnessed by the Abbot
of Bermondsey, she may be supposed to have been

1 Dr. Lingard's remarks on this subject are most satisfactory and
conclusive. Vol. v., p. 328-9.
8 Leland's Collectanea, vol. iv., p. 249.
» Patent. 5 Hen. VII., m 20.

1XXX MEMOIR OF

then an inmate of that monastery. She styles her-
self Queen of England, and orders her body to be
buried at Windsor, with her late husband, King
Edward, but forbids any pomp or great expense
on the occasion ; directions which indicate that she
would be interred wherever she might desire, and
that her funeral would be conducted, not like that
of a disgraced prisoner, but according to her ele-
vated rank. She proceeds, " whereas I have no
worldly goods to do the Queen's grace, my dearest
daughter, a pleasure with, neither to reward any
of my children according to my heart and mind ;
I beseech Almighty God to bless her Grace, with
all her noble issue, and with as good heart and
mind as is to me possible, I give her Grace my
blessing, and all the foresaid my children." Her
not having any property to bequeath arose from her
interest in her income and lands being for life only,
and not, as has been supposed, from Henry's having
seized her estates. Such " small stuff and goods "
as she possessed she desired might be appropriated
to the payment of her debts, and the health of her
soul, as far as they would extend, but " if any of
her blood " wished any part of her property, she
ordered them to be allowed the preference. The
Prior of Shene, and Doctors Sutton and Brente,
were her executors, and she entreated " her dearest
daughter, the Queen," and her son, the Marquis of
Dorset, to assist in seeing her wishes fulfilled. An
account of her funeral, and of the attention and

ELIZABETH OF YORK. ft IxXXJ

kindness of her daughters to her in her illness, is
extant l.

Thus, so far from Henry the Seventh having de-
spoiled his mother-in-law of her estates, she had
none of which she could be deprived ; instead of
increasing her unhappiness, he restored her to fame
and rank, and granted her a competence ; instead of
feeling hostility towards her, he allowed her to be the
sponsor to the Prince of Wales, in preference to his
own mother ; instead of suspecting her of the absurd
intention of plotting against him, and consequently
against a daughter whom she dearly loved, and im-
prisoning her for life to prevent similar dangers, he
agreed to marry her to an independent sovereign,
and two of her daughters to that sovereign's sons,
with the view of strengthening the alliance between
the two countries ; and, instead of keeping her a
close prisoner at Bermondsey, she was present at
her daughter's reception of an ambassador who
claimed to be related to the Queen, some time after
the event which it is said produced Henry's rigorous
treatment. Such, however, is history as it is repre-
sented by chroniclers, and such are the effects of
historians repeating the statements of their prede-
cessors, without inquiring whether records do not,
as in this instance, establish the ignorance or the
prejudices of writers to whom implicit credence has
been generally given.

> In one of the MSS. of the Royal Society, which is about to be
transferred to the Museum ; but, as the arrangement is not yet
pleted, access could not be obtained to it.

IxXXll MEMOIR OF

Though the evidence of the injustice which has
been done to the character of Henry the Seventh,
with regard to his treatment of his Queen, is not so
complete as in relation to his conduct to her mother,
it seems impossible to reconcile the notices of her
in his privy purse expenses, or the manner in which
he always spoke of her in his letters, with the idea
that he was wanting in tenderness or affection.

In November and December, 1487, and in Fe-
bruary, 1492, numerous lordships and manors were
granted to her for life, which grants were confirmed
by Parliament 1 ; and it was enacted in 1487, that
in consideration of the great expense which she
must bear in her chamber, and otherwise, she should
be enabled to sell and grant leases in her own name
without the consent of the King 2.

On St. George's Day, 1488, Henry was at Wind-
sor, on which occasion the Queen and the Countess
of Richmond 3, from whom, indeed, she appears to
have been rarely separated, were present, each being
habited in a gown of the Order of the Garter ; but
he deferred the solemnization of the feast of that
Saint until the Sunday following, in the afternoon of
which day the King, and the Knights of the Garter,
rode to the College, and were accompanied by the
Queen and her suite. Her Majesty, and the Countess
of Richmond, again wore the livery of the Order,

1 Rot. Par!., vi., 386, 442, 446. 8 Ibid., p. 387.

8 Iceland's " Collectanea," iv., 238.

ELIZABETH OF YORK. , Ixxxiii

and rode in a rich chair, covered with cloth of gold,
drawn by six horses, trapped in a similar manner,
and followed by a suite of twenty-one ladies, among
whom was her sister the Princess Anne, dressed in
crimson velvet gowns, and mounted on white pal-
freys, the saddles of which were made of cloth of
gold, and the trappings covered with white roses,
the badge of the House of York '. The Feast of
Whitsuntide, in the same year, was also kept at
Windsor; after which the Court removed to Wood-
stock, thence, at Allhallow's-tide, to Windsor, and
from Windsor their Majesties went to Westminster 2.
At Christmas they were at Shene, where the Queen
was attended by the Countess of Richmond and her
sister Anne, and spent the festival of Easter 1489 at
Hertford, whence the King proceeded to the north ;
but it does not seem that the Queen accompanied
him 3.

In November following Elizabeth prepared for her
confinement, by " taking her chamber," as it was
termed, with the usual ceremonies, her own mother
and her mother-in-law being present ; and on the
29th of that month she was delivered of her second
child, who, the next day, was baptized by the name
of Margaret, and became the progenitrix of every
monarch of these realms, since the death of Queen
Elizabeth. The infant derived her name from her

» Leland's " Collectanea," iv., pp. 239, 241.
• Ibid, pp. 243, '244. 3 ibid., p. 247.

m 2

MEMOIR OF

godmother, the Countess of Richmond, who pre-
sented her with a small box of silver gilt filled with
gold1. In consequence of the measles breaking out
in the palace, the Queen was privately churched on
the 27th, and removed to Greenwich on the 29th of
December. On the 2nd of February, 1490, the King,
the Queen, the King's mother, and the greater part
of the Lords spiritual and temporal, went in proces-
sion to Westminster Hall, and heard divine service,
and at night a play was performed before their Ma-
jesties, and their attendants, at Whitehall2.

From this time the authentic narrative printed in
Leland's " Collectanea " ceases to afford any infor-
mation of Henry's Court, and the few additional
facts in the life of his Queen must be gleaned almost
entirely from the privy purse expenses of her hus-
band between the years 1492 and 1503, and from
her own expenses between March, 1502 and the
February following. In the former she is only in-
cidentally mentioned, because their establishments
were wholly distinct from each other; but the latter,
which contain almost a diary of her proceedings in
the last year of her life, throw much light upon her
character, and excite regret that similar accounts of
previous years have not been discovered.

On the 28th of June, 1491, at Greenwich, the
Queen gave birth to her second son, Henry, after-

1 Leland's " Collectanea," pp. 253, 254.
8 Ibid., vol. iv., p. 254 to 256.

ELIZABETH OF YORK. IxXXV

wards King Henry the Eighth J ; and on the 2nd of
July, 1492, her daughter Elizabeth was born, who
died an infant on the 4th of September, 14952.
Whilst at Shene, in April, 1494, one hundred pounds
were lent her by the King3. In the summer of
1495 she accompanied his Majesty in his progress
into the north ; and on the 2nd of August a woman
was rewarded for singing before the King and Queen
at Latham, in Derbyshire 4. They returned to Shene
on the 16th of October5; and on the 16th of No-
vember in that year they honoured the Sergeants'
Feast at Ely Place with their presence 6. Twenty-
seven pounds were given her by Henry's orders on
the 1st of February, 1496 7 ; and on the same day in
the next year two thousand pounds were lent to her
to pay her debts 8. Thirty pounds were presented
to her, at Greenwich, by the King, in the May fol-
lowing, to purchase jewels9; and in April, 1498,
61. 13s. 4d. were given her, possibly to gratify her
caprice in the purchase of some trifle which struck
her attention10.

Sandford11 states that the Queen was confined in
1498 with her daughter the Princess Mary, after-

1 Sandford's " Genealogical History," ed. 1707, p. 479.
* Ibid., pp. 477, 478. 8 " Excerpta Historica," p. 97.

4 Ibid., p. 104. * Ibid., p. 105.

8 Bacon's " History of Henry the Seventh," and " Excerpta His-
torica," p. 106.

7 " Excerpta Historica," p. 107. 8 Ibid., p. 111.

9 Ibid., p. 112. 10 Ibid., p. 117.

11 "Genealogical History," p. 536.

MEMOIR OF

wards Queen of France, though he does not mention
in what month ; but the notice of a payment of
3/. 6«y. 8d. to Robert Taylor, the Queen's surgeon,
on the 27th of May *, tends to fix the date of the
Princess's birth to about that time, the sum in ques-.
tion probably being the payment for his services, or,
which is more likely, a present on the occasion. Her
Majesty was again confined on the 21st of February,
1498-9, when her third and youngest son, Prince
Edmund, was born at Greenwich 2. He was chris-
tened on the 24th, being held at the font by his
godmother, the Countess of Richmond, after whose
husband, Edmund, Earl of Richmond, his grand-
father, he was named. It was customary for the
King's children to be baptized in the font of Canter-
bury cathedral, perhaps from some imaginary virtue
which it was presumed to possess, and the expenses
of bringing it on this occasion, of 6s. 8d. to the
bearer and 21. to the servant of the Prior of Christ
Church of Canterbury, are entered in the King's
privy purse accounts 3. The young prince died at
Bishop's Stortford, in Hertfordshire 4, about April,
1500, as in May in that year 242/. 11s. Sd. were
paid for the costs of his burial, independent of fees
to the Abbot and Convent of Westminster5. In
March, 1502, the Queen received five hundred
pounds as a loan on the security of some plate6, a

1 " Excerpta Historica," p. 117. * Sandford, p. 477.

3 " Excerpta Historica," p. 121. 4 Sandford, p. 477.

* " Excerpta Historica," p. 124. 6 Ibid., p. 127.

ELIZABETH OF YORK. Ixxxvii

fact indicative of the rigorous correctness with
which the King's accounts were kept, security being
taken for a loan to his consort.

The ceremony of affiancing the Princess Marga-
ret, the Queen's eldest daughter, to James King of
Scotland, took place at St. Paul's, in January, 1502,
when the King, Queen, and all the Royal Family,
except the Prince of Wales, were present, including
Katherine Lady Courtenay, her Majesty's sister.
As soon as the ceremony was over the Queen took
the young Queen of Scots by the hand, and they
" both dined at the same mess covered," and jousts,
and feastings, a pageant, and other festivities, for
some days, testified the importance which was at-
tached to the event l.

Their Majesties experienced a heavy affliction by
the death of their eldest son Arthur Prince of Wales,
who expired in Ludlow Castle, on the 2nd of April,
1502, within five months of his marriage to Kathe-
rine of Castile ; an event which was celebrated
with every token of joy and magnificence on the
14th of the preceding November. The conduct of
the Queen on the death of the Prince has been
minutely described. The news was communicated

1 Leland's " Collectanea," iv., 258 to 264. The journal of the
herald who accompanied the young Queen of Scots to Edinburgh,
which is printed in that volume, is extremely interesting, and conveys
a better idea of the state of society amongst persons of rank in the
early part of the sixteenth century than perhaps any other article
extant. If reprinted with notes, and with the orthography modernized,
it could scarcely fail to be generally read.

Ixxxviii MEMOIR OF

to the King by his confessor, and he immediately
sent for her. Finding him overwhelmed with grief
she suppressed her emotions, and strove to console
her afflicted husband ; and it was not until she re-
tired to the privacy of her own chamber that she
gave vent to her maternal sorrow, when Henry, in
his turn, sought to relieve her anguish by his ten-
derness. The whole scene is so pathetically de-
scribed by a contemporary, and the account tends so
much to disprove the common opinion, that they lived
unhappily together, that the passage will be given :
" Immediately after Arthur's death, Sir Richard
Poole, his Chamberlain, with other of his Counsel,
wrote and sent letters to the King and Counsel, at
Greenwich, where his Grace and the Queen's lay,
and certified them of the Prince's departure. The
which Counsel discreetly sent for the King's ghostly
father, a friar observant, to whom they showed this
most sorrowful and heavy tidings, and desired him
in his best manner to show it to the King. He, in
the morning of the Tuesday following, somewhat
before the time accustomed, knocked at the King's
chamber door, and when the King understood it was
his confessor, he commanded to let him in. The
confessor then commanded all those present to avoid,
and after due salutation began to say ' Si bona de
manu Dei suscipimus, mala autem quare non sus-
tineamus,' and so showed his Grace that his dearest
son was departed to God. When his Grace under-
stood that sorrowful heavy tidings, he sent for the

ELIZABETH OF YORK. IxXXlX

•

Queen, saying that he and his Queen would take
the painful sorrows together. After that she was
come and saw the King her lord, and that natural
and painful sorrow, as I have heard say, she, with
full great and constant comfortable words besought
his Grace that he would first after God remember
the weal of his own noble person, the comfort of his
realm, and of her. She then said, that my lady,
his mother, had never no more children but him
only, and that God by his grace had ever preserved
him, and brought him where that he was. Over
that, how that God had left him yet a fair prince,
two fair princesses ; and that God is where he was,
and we are both young enough ; and that the pru-
dence and wisdom of his Grace sprung over all
Christendom, so that it should please him to take
this according thereunto. Then the King thanked
her of her good comfort. After that she was de-
parted and come to her own chamber, natural and
motherly remembrance of that great loss smote her
so sorrowful to the heart, that those that were about
her were fain to send for the King to comfort her.
Then his Grace, of true, gentle, and faithful love,
in good haste came and relieved her, and showed
her how wise counsel she had given him before ;
and he, for his part, would thank God for his son,
and would she should do in like wise1."

1 An Account of the Death and Interment of Prince Arthur, printed
from a contemporary MS. in Leland's " Collectanea," vol. v., p. 373.

XC MEMOIR OF

The widowed Princess was immediately sent for
from Ludlow, and the Queen presented her with a
litter, covered with black velvet and black cloth,
with a valance and fringes of the same colour, for
her conveyance l. The unhappy Katherine was
placed at Croydon, and appears to have been treated
with great kindness by her mother-in-law.

In December, 1502, ten shillings were paid the
Queen, out of the King's privy purse, for the dis-
guisings, and twenty pounds were given her for
some furs which had been purchased2. These
entries, as well as others which occur at various
times, of money paid for gold wire for her use3,
for a corporas or communion cloth for her 4, and for
gold frontlets or head bands5, if not conclusive
proofs that they lived on terms of harmony, are at
least indicative of trifling but gratifying attentions
on his part which it would be difficult to reconcile
with habitual unkindness and severity. An ex-
change of presents between them seems not to have
been unusual ; and as those from the Queen were
such as required the exercise of female skill, it is
reasonable to presume that they derived their chief
value from being the work of her own hands. It
may be inferred, from the payment by the Queen
of five pounds for two sorts of gold and of silk, for
making a lace and buttons for the King's mantle of

1 See page 103. 8 " Excerpta Historica," p. 129.

3 Ibid., p. 89. * Ibid., p. 91.

5 Ibid., p. 96, and See p. 197 of this volume.

ELIZABETH OF YORK. Xci

the Order of the Garter, on the 29th of April,
15021, that on St. George's day in that year she
presented him with a mantle to wear at the feast of
the Order ; and previous to Henry's expedition into
Scotland in 1497, she garnished his helmet with
jewels2.

Of the last year of Elizabeth's existence minute
information is contained in the accounts of her ex-
penditure printed in this volume, and a statement
of the most interesting facts, in illustration of her
pursuits and character, may be acceptable.

Those accounts commence on the 25th of March,
1502, and the first entry is of money and clothes
given to thirty -seven poor women, a number always
regulated by the age of the donor, on Shire Thurs-
day ; which is followed by the Queen's offerings on
Easter day, by rewards for the performance of vi-
carious pilgrimages, and by donations to various
shrines, anchoresses, and other holy persons. Her
Majesty was then at Westminster, but she soon
afterwards went to Richmond, and on the 2nd of
April removed by water to Greenwich, where she
remained until the 27th, when she was conveyed in
her barge to the Tower. She returned to Green-
wich on the 2nd of May, went again to Richmond
on the 19th, and continued there until the 4th of
June ; and on the 6th she went to Westminster, but
returned to Richmond on the llth of that month.

1 See p. 8. * " Excerpta Historica," p. 1 12.

n 2

XC11 MEMOIR OF

On the 17th of June her Majesty was at Windsor,
where she remained until the 12th of July, when
she proceeded to Woodstock, and arrived there on
the 14th, having at Notley received intimation of
the death of her nephew, Lord Edward Courtenay.
Whilst at Woodstock the Queen was taken ill, when
she endeavoured to propitiate Heaven by offerings
to the altar of the Virgin, and by masses. On her
recovery she made a progress into Wales, which was
commenced about the 4th of August ; she reached
Flexley Abbey on the 6th, and on the 14th was at
Monmouth, from which place she went to Troy,
thence to Ragland on the 19th, and to Chepstow on
the 28th, and crossed the Severn near Bristol. Her
Majesty returned through Walstone, and Berkeley,
where she rested from the 29th of August to the
4th of September, Beverstone, Cotes Place, Fair-
ford, where she stopped from the 10th to the 14th,
and arrived at Langley on the 16th of September,
having been absent about six weeks.

The Queen continued at Langley until the 3rd
of October ; she was at Minster Lovell on the 6th, at
Ewelm on the 13th, at Easthampstead on the 16th,
and reached Richmond before the 25th. From the
27th of October to the 14th of November she was at
Westminster, and on the 3rd made her offering at
the celebration of the obit of Edmund, Earl of Rich-
mond, the King's father, in Westminster Abbey. In
expectation of her confinement, two nurses, one of
whom was a French woman, waited upon her on

ELIZABETH OF YORK. XC111

the 13th and 16th. From Westminster the Queen
removed, on the 14th of November, to Greenwich ;
and thence, on the 19th, to Baynard's Castle, where
presents of various descriptions were brought to her
on the 23rd. On the 26th she went to Westminster,
where she remained until the 12th of December;
she went thence to the Tower ; on the 21st she
went to Mortlake ; and on the 14th of January was
conveyed in her barge from Hampton Court to
Richmond.

Her confinement rapidly approached, and on the
26th of January she took possession of her apart-
ments in the Tower in readiness for that event.
On the 2nd of February she was delivered of a
daughter, who was named Katherine : within a
few days her Majesty was taken alarmingly ill,
and a messenger, who travelled night and day, was
sent by Henry into Kent, for Dr. Aylsworth, a phy-
sician, to attend her, but every effort was unavail-
ing, and she died on the anniversary of her birth,
the llth of February, 1503, having completed her
thirty-eighth year. The child, whose life was thus
dearly purchased, quickly followed its mother to
her grave ; and the only notice of the young prin-
cess in these accounts is that some flannel was
bought for her use.

Historians and chroniclers concur in represent-
ing the character of Elizabeth of York in the most
favourable colours, adding that her virtues obtained

XC1V MEMOIR OF

for her the title of " The good Queen Elizabeth ;"
and every fact, with the exception of the letter
noticed by Bucke, upon which enough has been
said, tends to prove the justice of those statements.
The energy and talents of Henry the Seventh left
no opportunity for his Queen to display any other
qualities than those which peculiarly, and it may
be said exclusively, belong to her sex. From the
time of her marriage she is only to be heard of as a
daughter, a wife, a mother, a sister, and an aunt ;
and in each of those relations, so far as materials
exist by which it can be judged, her conduct reflects
honour upon her memory. To her widowed and
afflicted mother she exhibited the tenderest affec-
tion, which is touchingly commemorated in Eliza-
beth Wydeville's will. To her husband her be-
haviour has not only been unimpeached, but it is
described as ill meriting the return which some
writers, it is presumed erroneously, state that it
met with. Her treatment of her children has
never been censured, and this negative admission of
its propriety is the only evidence which is likely to
be found on such a subject. To judge, however,
from the frequent notices of them in these accounts,
from her affliction at the loss of her eldest son, and
her attention to his widow, it would appear to have
been consistent with the other parts of her character.
Besides allowing her sisters annuities, out of her
limited resources, she wholly supported her nephews

ELIZABETH OF YORK. XCV

and niece, the young Courtenays, and on every
public occasion one of her sisters was about her
person. Old servants of her father, and a man who
had lent her uncle, the Earl Rivers, a house just be-
fore his execution, are mentioned as having partaken
of her bounty. To her religious duties she paid the
most rigid attention, and her charitable disposition
displayed itself in maintaining children, in burying
criminals, in remunerating persons who incurred
losses, or who were injured in her service, in paying
the expenses of individuals taking the veil or en-
tering a monastery, and in presents of money to
purchase horses, wedding clothes, &c.

With such evidence before him the biographer
of Elizabeth of York may safely ascribe to her most,
if not all, of the virtues which adorn the female
character; and this summary of her merits may be
closed with the panegyric of one who was fre-
quently admitted to her presence, without fearing
that the language of flattery is substituted for that
of truth : — " She exhibited from her very cradle,
towards God an admirable fear and service ; towards
her parents a wonderful obedience; towards her
brothers and sisters an almost incredible love ; to-
wards the poor, and the ministers of Christ a re-
verend and singular affection V

Her person is described as having been beautiful,
and the portraits which are extant do not contradict

i Bernard Andreas, the Poet Laureate and Biographer of Henry
the Seventh. Cottonian MS:, Domitian A xviii.

XCV1 MEMOIR OF

the opinion. Of her acquirements little is known,
excepting on the doubtful authority of Brereton,
who represents her as being able to write French
and Spanish. It is remarkable that not one of
her letters is known to be preserved, and even her
autograph is rarely to be met with. One piece of
her writing, before the death of her father, which
occurred in a book that belonged to her, is inserted
in a volume of the Cottonian Manuscripts, in the
British Museum, and has been lately engraved l,

" Thys Boke ys myn Elysabeth the Kyngys dawghtyr."

In a valuable missal2 which belonged to a female
friend of Henry the Seventh and his Queen, he
wrote, with his own hand,

" Madame I pray you Remembre me your lovyng maister,
Henry R. ;"

and her Majesty added immediately below,

" Madam I pray you forget not me to pray to God that I may have
part of your prayers, Elysabeth ye Queene."

Her signature is also attached to each page of
the earlier part of these accounts.

The Queen's amusements consisted in witnessing
the feats of players, dancers, and other performers ;

1 "Royal and Noble Autographs," by J. Gough Nichols, and
T. Smith ; a publication of considerable interest.

" Now in the possession of George Wilkinson, of Tottenham-
Green, Esq.

ELIZABETH OF YORK. g XCVll

in listening to minstrels and musicians; in playing
at dice, cards, and the tables ; and, from her keeping
greyhounds, and purchasing arrows and broad heads,
she, as was common with ladies at the period, ap-
pears to have partaken of the pleasures of the chace.

The Queen was buried with great pomp, and it is
evident that Henry paid all possible respect to her
remains. More than one description of her funeral
is preserved, but the fullest account is printed
in the " Antiquarian Repertory '," where a draw-
ing of the procession occurs. That narrative states,
that " her death was as heavy and dolorous to
the King's Highness as hath been seen or heard
of, and also in like wise to all the estates of this
realm, as well citizens as commons, for she was one
of the most gracious and best beloved Princesses
in the world in her time being." After giving orders
about her funeral Henry is said to have " departed
to a solitary place to pass his sorrow, and would no
man should resort to him but those whom he had
appointed." On the day following her death, six
hundred and thirty-six masses were said in London,
and the King sent Sir Charles Somerset and Sir
Richard Guildford with " the best comfort to all the
Queen's servants, that hath been seen of a Sovereign
Lord, with as good words."

Her corpse being embalmed immediately after
she expired, it was placed in a leaden coffin, on
which there was an inscription, stating her name

> Ed. 1807, vol. iv., p. 654.

XCV111 MEMOIR OF

and rank. This coffin was enclosed in another of
wood, covered with white and black velvet, having
a cross of white damask thereon. On the next day,
Sunday, the 12th of February, the Queen's body
was removed from her chamber to the chapel of the
Tower, attended by the Dean of Westminster, and
the Dean and Chaplains of the King's Chapel.
Four Knights supported the canopy ; and persons
of the highest rank " laid their hands to the corpse."
Lady Elizabeth Stafford acted as principal mourner
on the occasion, being followed by all the other
ladies of her Majesty's household, two and two,
wearing their plainest attire. As soon as the body
reached the chapel it was placed under a rich hearse,
covered with a cloth of black velvet, having thereon
a cross of cloth of gold. The King's Chaplain then
read the psalter, lauds, and commendations, after
which the Dean of the Chapel, with the Peers,
Officers of Arms, and others went to the great
chamber to escort the ladies to the mass of requiem.
Katherine Lady Courtenay, the Queen's sister,
as chief mourner, being led by the Earl of Surrey
and the Earl of Essex, and followed by a long train
of persons of distinction, then entered the chapel,
and took her station at the head of the corpse.
Mass having been said, and the usual offerings
made, the procession returned, leaving only certain
Ladies, Grooms, and Officers of Arms to watch by
the body. This ceremony was daily repeated during
the ten days which the corpse remained in the

ELIZABETH OF YORK. XC1X

Tower. On the twelfth day after her Majesty's
demise, Wednesday, February the 22nd, mass was
said early in the morning, and soon afterwards the
coffin was placed on a chair or car, covered with
black velvet, and drawn by six horses. An effigy
of the Queen, dressed in the royal robes, with a
sceptre in the hand and a crown on the head, was
carried on a kind of stage, at each corner of which
a Gentleman Usher knelt. Banners of Our Lady,
of the Salutation, of the Assumption, and of the
Nativity l, which, to signify that the deceased died
in child-bed, were painted on a white ground, were
borne near the car by Knights and Esquires.
Eight Ladies of Honour, mounted on palfreys, sad-
dled and trapped with black velvet, followed the
corpse. Citizens on horseback, and servants of
the King and nobility, closed the procession, which
was joined by the Earl of Derby, Lord High Con-
stable, the Lord Mayor, the Queen's Chamberlain,
several Peers, the Judges, Prelates, and Abbots,
Knights of the Garter, &c. The streets were lined
with persons bearing torches, and in Fenchurch-
street and Cheapside stood thirty-seven9 virgins,
a number corresponding with the Queen's age,
dressed in white, wearing chaplets of white and
green, and each holding a lighted taper. Com-
panies of foreign merchants, French, Spaniards, and
Venetians, holding tapers, with the arms of their

1 MS. in the College of Arms.

* MS. in the College of Arms says there were three hundred.

o 2

MEMOIR OF

respective nations, were also present. In this order
the procession arrived at the Churchyard of St.
Margaret, Westminster, when the Marquis of Dor-
set, and the Earls, "took their mantles." The
corpse was received by various Prelates and Abbots,
bearing censers and holy water, and being duly
censed was removed from the car and conveyed to
the hearse, when the usual service was performed ;
after which the Peers and Peeresses, &c. retired to
the Queen's Great Chamber to supper. During
the night Ladies, Esquires, and Officers of Arms
watched by the body.

Early the next morning, Thursday the 23rd of
February, Lady Courtenay, as chief mourner, and
other personages, attended mass, and having retired
for a short time to refresh themselves, they returned
to the Church, when other masses were said and
offerings made. The late Queen's Ladies offered
thirty-seven palls, first kissing and then laying them
on the body ; of this number five were presented by
each of her Majesty's sisters, all of whom, it may
be inferred, attended the funeral. A sermon was
preached by Fitzjames, Bishop of Rochester, from
the text " Misere mei misere mei saltern vos amici
mei quia manus Domini tetigit me ;" " which words
he spake in the name of England, and the lovers
and friends of the same, seeing the great loss of
that virtuous Queen, and that noble Prince, and the
Archbishop of Canterbury." At the conclusion of
the sermon another mass was said, when the palls

ELIZABETH OF YORK.

were removed from the coffin, and the Ladies quitted
the church. The Queen's effigy was then placed
in St. Edward's shrine, and the Prelates, with the
King's Chaplains, approached the hearse. The
grave was opened, and hallowed by the Bishop of
London, and, after various prayers and ceremonies,
the body was committed to the grave prepared for it.

Elizabeth of York's " reason," or " word," as it
was termed, was " Humble and Reverence."

The Privy Purse Expenses of the Queen from
March, 1502, to her death in February, 1503, con-
sist chiefly of payments for the following purposes :
Rewards or gratuities to persons for bringing her
presents, and the donation, though generally pro-
portionate to the article given, was sometimes of
greater value. Nothing was too contemptible to
be received, nor was any person deemed too hum-
ble to be permitted to testify his respect in this
manner. The custom of making presents was pro-
bably very ancient, and was continued as late as
the reign of Henry the Eighth *. Among the articles
presented to Elizabeth of York were fish, fruit,
fowls, puddings, tripe, a crane, woodcocks, a po-
pinjay, quails, and other birds, pork, rabbits, Lan-
thony cheeses, pease cods, cakes, a wild boar,
malmsey wine, flowers, chiefly roses, bucks, sweet-
meats, rose water, a cushion, and a pair of clary-
cords, a kind of virginal.

1 See the Privy Purse Expenses of that Monarch from 1529 to
1532. 8vo. 1827.

cil MEMOIR OF

The disbursements were for servants' wages ; for
preparing apartments for her Majesty when she re-
moved from one place to another ; for conveying her
clothes and necessary furniture ; for messengers ; for
the repairs of her barge and the pay of the barge-
men ; for her chairs and litters ; for the purchase of
household articles ; for silks, satins, damask, cloth
of gold, velvet, linen, gowns, kirtles, petticoats,
for her own use, or the use of the ladies whom she
maintained ; for jewellery, trappings for horses,
furs, gold chains, &c. ; for the charges of her stable
and greyhounds ; for the salaries of her ladies ; for
annuities to her sisters, and the entire support of
the children of Katherine Lady Courtenay ; for the
clothing and board of her Fool ; for her numerous
offerings, and other demands for religious purposes,
principally in sending persons on pilgrimages in
her name; for the distribution of alms on her
journeys ; for the maintenance of her daughter the
Queen of Scots, for whose use clothes and musical
instruments were repeatedly purchased ; for re-
pairs of Baynard's Castle ; for gifts at christenings;
for setting anthems and carols at 'Christmas; for
making bonfires ; for gratuities to old servants, to
the King's painter, and to others who had done
anything acceptable to her ; for minstrels ; for the
support of children which were presented to her ;
for the trifling losses she incurred at cards, dice, and
the tables ; for boat hire ; for the attendance of
physicians and apothecaries, and for medicine ; for

ELIZABETH OF YORK. Clll

the wages of priests, and for making nuns and a
monk, &c.

Her Majesty's revenue was inadequate to all
these demands, and she was not unfrequently obliged
to borrow money, pledging her plate as security
for its repayment. The King sometimes relieved
her necessities, but the same security was given ;
and her pecuniary difficulties are apparent from
her being obliged, in most cases, to pay her trades-
men part of their bills only, instead of discharging
the whole amount. Entries occur of small sums
lent to the Queen by her attendants, but these
probably arose from her not carrying money about
her person, and desiring the lady in waiting to
purchase some object which attracted her notice,
or to gratify a spontaneous feeling of benevolence.

The total amount expended in the year to which
these accounts relate is 3,41 1/. 5*. 9^., and the re-
ceipts in the same period were 3,585/. 19s. 10£d,
so that her debts were not increased in that year.

Of the low value of money at the period many
striking examples occur. The highest salary of the
Queen's ladies was 33/. 6s. 8d., and the lowest 5/.
For the support of her two nephews and niece,
two female servants and a groom, only 13s. 4d. a
week were allowed. Ten pence a day were the
daily costs of a priest whilst on a pilgrimage for the
Queen; and two shillings a month were the board
wages of the Fool. The Master of her barge re-
ceived Is. 4d. a day, and the rowers 8<f. A mes-

CIV MEMOIR OF ELIZABETH OF YORK.

senger for going from Greenwich to London was paid
no more than 6d. : the expense of keeping a child,
which had been given to her Majesty, was 16s. ayear.
The breakfast of one of the Ladies of the Court cost
9d. ; the hire of a boat from Greenwich to London
was 4d., and from London to Westminster 2d., but
small as the sum is, it is greater than might be ex-
pected, and the boat was perhaps rowed by two or
more men. A surgeon's fee for going from London
to Richmond to visit the Queen was 13*. 4d. Work-
men and labourers' wages appear to have been 6d.
a day. Her embroiderer was allowed 21. a year
for his house rent, and Is. 4d. a week board wages ;
whilst women embroiderers were paid 3s. a week,
which included their board wages. A pair of shoes
for the Fool, and for footmen, cost 6d. each ; and a
pair for the Queen, single-soled, with laton buckles,
Is., but a pair of buskins for her use cost 4s. The
charges of a girl taking the veil were 61. 13s. 4rf. ;
sixteen-pence a week was the allowance for board-
ing one of her Majesty's gentlewomen who was ill.
Fifty-two barrels of beer, which were given to the
Friars Observants of Greenwich, cost 61. 18s. Sd., or
2s. Sd. a barrel : the hire of a horse, to carry a
female servant from Easthampstead to London, was
Is. 4dL ; and the wages of the grooms of the chamber
were Is., and of the pages Sd. a day.

THIES AR THE PAYEMENTES MADE BY
RICHARD DECOUS FROM THE XXIIIJ"
DAY OF MARCHE, ANNO XVIJ"" UNTO

FURST the same xxiiij" day of Marche de-
livered to Maister Richard Payn Aul-
moigner to the Queue for xxxviju pore
women every woman iij s. j d. for hir
maunday upon Shire Thursday . Cxiiij s. j d.

Itm for thoffring of the Quene upon Good

Fryday . . . Ixvj s. viij d.

Itih the same day to Nicholas Maior Sadler
to the Quene in parte of payement of
suche money as to him is due for making
of certain stuf of his occupacion ayenst
the mariage of the Prince . . x li.

Itm for thoffringes of the Quene upon Ester
day in the morning to the Crosse v s. at
highmasse v s. at hir housell xx d. and
upon Monday Tuesday and Wednesday
in Ester weke xv s. . . xxvj s. viij d.

Itin delivered to the Quene upon Ester day
for hir offering to the Coffre for hir par-
don . • • Ixvj s. viij d.

Itni the xxviiju day of Marche to thancho-
rasse of Saint Petre at Saint Albons in
aulmouse . . • »j »• "U d-

2 MARCH, 1502.

Itin the same day to the Quenes purse at

Richemont . . . xx s.

I tin the same day to Robert Fayrfax for set-
ting an Anthem of oure lady and Saint
Elizabeth . . xx s.

Itin delivered to thofficers of the kechyn in
rewarde at Ester Ixvj s. viij d. to the
porters of the gate x s. to the Saulcery
x s. and to the Squillery x s. — Sma iiij li. xvj s. \iij d.

Itin delivered to John Goose my lord of
Yorkes fole in rewarde for bringing a
Carppe to the Quene . . xij d.

Itin to Robert Aleyn for a rewarde by him
geven to the doughtier of the keper of
the Kinges place at Westmr for bringing
a present of almond butter to the Quene
to Hampton Courte .. . iij s. iiij d.

I tin to a Mynstrell that played upon a droon
before the Quene at Richemount in re-
warde . . . iij s. iiij d.

Itin to a servaunt of my lady Nevile wif to
Sr Thomas Darcy, in rewarde for bring-
ing a present of Sele to the Quene to
Richemount . ' ;..•;.' . x s.

ELYSABETH.

£r Sina pag. xxxj li. xj s. ix d.

MARCH, 1502. 3

I tin delivered to Sr William Barton preest for
thofferinges of the Queue to oure lady
and Saint George at Wyndesoure and to
the Holy Crosse there ij s. vj d. to King
Henry ij s. vj d. to oure lady of Eton
xx d. to the Childe of grace at Reding
ij s. vj d. to oure lady of Caversham
ij s. vj d. to oure lady of Cokthorp xx d.
to the holy blode of Heyles xx d. to
Prince Edward vs. to oure lady of
Worcestre v s. to the Holy Rood at
Northampton v s. to oure lady of Grace
there ij s. vj d. to oure lady of Walsing-
ham vj s. viij d. to oure lady of Sudbury
ij s. vj d. to oure lady of Wolpitte xx d.
to oure lady of Ippeswiche iij s. iiij d.
and to oure lady of Stokeclare xx d. Sma xlviij s. iiij d.

Itni to the same Sr William Barton for his
costes going the said pilgremages for the
Quene by the space of xxvij dayes at
x d. the day . . xxij s. vj d.

Item to Richard Mylner of Bynfeld for money
to bee offred for the Quene to our lady
of Crowham ij s. vj d. To the roode of
Grace in Kent xx d. to Saint Thomas
of Canterbury, v s. to oure lady of
undrecroft there v s. to Sainct Adrean
xx d. to Saint Augustyn xx d. to oure
lady of Dover xx d. to the roode of the
north dore in Poules xx d. to our lady of
Grace there xx d to Saint Ignasi xx d.
To Saint Dominik xx d. To Saint
Petre of Melayn xij d. to Saint Fraunces
B 2

4 MARCH, 1502.

xx d. to Saint Savioure ij s. vj d. to
oure lady of Piewe ij s. vj d. to cure
lady of Berking ij s. vj d. and to our
lady of Willesdone ij s. vj d. Sma xxxviij s, vj d.

Item to the same Richard Milner for his costes
going the said pilgremages for the Quene
by the space of xiij dayes at x d. the day x s. x d.

Item to John Walker yeoman aulmoigner for
money by him paid for a cowle for Water
xij d. for iij newe bolles xij d. for a
basket iiij d. for flowres iiij d. for heting
of watier at the kechin xij d. and for
cariage of the same stuff from London
to Richemount iiij d. for the Quenes
Maundy upon Shirthursday . iiij s.

Item the xxixu day of Marche delivered to a
servaunt of the prothonotarye of Spayn a
reward for bringing a present of Oranges
to the Quene to Richemount

ELYSABETH.

£r SnYpag. vju vj s. ij d.

Item the same day to a pore man that brought
a present of Oranges and Apples to the
Quene at Richemount . . xii d.

Item the last day of Marche to William Pas-
tone page of the Quenes beddes in re-
warde towardes the byeng of his wed-
ding clothing . W1(r;. xis.

Item the same day to Thomas Shurley and
Edmond Burtone yeoman of the Quenes

APRIL, 1502. 5

chambre for theire costes riding upon a
message of the Queues with maistres
Alionore Johns by the space of ij dayes
eithere of theim at xij d. the day iiij s.
Itin for money by theim payed for the
cariage of certain stuf of the Quenes
x d. and for the dyner and botehire of
the said Maistres Alianor upon Shire-
thursday ij s. viij d. . . vij s. vj d.

Item the same day to a pore woman that
brought a present of Butter and Chekins
to the Quene . . . viij d.

Item the iiij'h day of Aprelle to M. Richard
Payn aulmoigner to the Quene for money
by him dault in aulmouse upon Good-
fryday . . . xxj s. viij d.

Item the same daye to Henry Bryan of Lon-
don mercer in partie of payement of a
bille conteignyng the somme of an hun-
dred and seven poundes x s. q* to him
due for certain silkes and othere stuf of
his occupation deliverd to th'use of the
Quene as by the same bille signed with
thande of hir grace it appereth . xxxij li. vj s.

Item the same daye to John Duffy n grome of
the chambre with the Quene for his
costes riding by the commaundement of
the Quene to the duchesse of Norffolk to
warne hir to receyve the wif of Edmond
de la Pole late Erie of Suff. . ij s.

Item the vjtt day of Aprille to the Quenes
purse at Grenewiche by thandes of
maistres Lee . • . xx s.

Item the daye aforesaid to William Worthy

6 APRIL, 1502.

otherwise called Phip for the bourde of
William the Quenes fole for the moneth
of Marche . . ij s.

Item the vj* day of Aprille to Robert Bailly
and Thomas ap Howell late servauntes
to the Lord William Courteney towardes
there costs going into the west countrey
to Therl of Devon . . vj s. viij d.

Item the same daye to a servaunt of William
Bulstrode in reward for bringing a pre-
sent of Wardyns to the Quene to Grene-
wiche . . xij d.

ELYSABETH.

j>r Sma pag. xxxvij li. viij s. vj d.

Itin the same day to William Crowmer gen-
tilman husshere for money by him deli-
vered to the Quene for hire offring to the
high aultier at Richemount upon Estre
day after high masse in going hire stacons iij s. iiij d.

Itin the viij* day of Aprelle to Lewys Wai-
tier bargeman for conveyeng the Quenes
grace from Richemount to Grenewiche
the ijde day of Aprille in hire barge with
xxj rowers every rower taking viij d.
xiiij s. the maister xvj d. and the reward
of a barge beneth the brigge xvj d. Itin
a grete bote and v rowers the iiij* day of
Aprille conveyeng Maistres Brent from
Hampton courte to London by the
space of two dayes every rower at viij d.

APRIL, 1502. .;

the day vj s. viij d. the raaister ij dayes
ij s. viij d. and the rewarde of the same
bote ij s. . . . xxviij s.

Itin the Xth day of Aprille to the Quenes purs

at Grenewiche . . . xl s.

Itm the same daye to Edmond Burtone for
money by him geven in reward by the
Quenes commaundement to the keper
of the litle gardyn at Windesour . vj s. viij d.

Itm the XIXth day of Aprille to Richard Jus-
tice page of the robys for his costes
going from Richemount to London to my
lord the Quenes chambrelain xij d. Itm
for a reward geven to men that drewe
the Quenes barge at hir going to Hamp-
ton courte viij d. Itm payed for the
hemmyng of a kertelle of the Quenes
of damaske iiij d. Itm for his costes
being behinde at Richemount with stuf
of the Quenes by space of iij dayes at
viij d. the day ij s. Itin for mendyng of
a crymsyn velvet gowne iiij d. Itm for
mending of a gowne of blake velvet
iiij d. Itm for going from Grenewiche to
London for a stole of the Quenes vj d.
and for going from Grenewiche to Lon-
don for Lybert the goldsmyth vj d. v s. viij d.

Itin to the fraternitee of Saint George in

South werke . . .vs.

Item the xxiij* day of Aprille to Evan Petre-
son joynour, for the stuff and making of
iiij working stoles for the Quene and
delivered to thandes of Nicholas Grey
price the stole xvj d. Sma . .vs. iiij d.

8 APRIL, 1502.

Item the xxviij" day of Aprille delivered to
my lady Veraey for money by hire lent
to the Quene ^ . xx s.

ELYSABETH.

{>r Sma pag. v. li. xiiij s.

Item the xxixa day of Aprelle to John Grice
Appoticary for certain stuf of his occu-
pacon by him delivered to the Quenes
use as by a bille signed with thand of
hir grace it appereth . ix li. xiij s. iiij d.

Itin the same day to Fryer Hercules for a
pounde and a half of gold of Venys at
xxx s. the pounde xlv s. eight unces of
gold of Dammaske at iiij s. viij d. the
unce xxxvij s. iiij d. and for an unce of
silke of Venice xx d. employed aboutes
the making of a lace and botons for the
Kinges mantell of the Garter. Itin for
making of the same lase and botons
xvj s. . . C s.

Itin the furst day of May to Thabbasse of
the Minoresse for sending a present of
watier of rooses to the Quene to the
Towre . . . vj s. viij d.

Itin to Dampe Kateryne and Dampe Eliza-
beth nonnes of the Minores in aulmouse
vj s. viij d. and to an olde woman ser-
vaunt to Thabbesse ther xij d. and to
a doughter of William Cromer also a
nonne there iij s. iiijd. v!*»i.'j -*t ' xj s.

MAY, 1502. 9

I tm the same day to the fraternitie of Corpus
Xpi founded within the churche paro-
chiall of Saint Sepulcre in Londone . v s.

Itin the seconde day of May to William Bo-
tery for a yerd quart' dl quart' of blake
tynselle saten of the riche making for an
edge of a gowne of blake velvet for the
Quene at xxxiij s. iiij d. the yerd xlv s.
x d. Ttin a yerd quarter dl quarter of
blake saten for an edge of a gowne of
crymsyn velvet at viij s. the yerd xj s.
Itin seven yerdes of grene satten of
Bruges for a kertell for my Lady Anne
at ij s. viij d. the yerd xviij s. viij d. Itin
for xij yardes sarcenet of eight divers
colours for girdelles for the Quene at
iiij s. the yerd xlviij s. Itm iiij yerdes
dl of sarcenet of tawny grene and russet
at xxij d. the yerd viij s. iij d. . vj li. xj s. ix d.

Itin the iijde day of May to the Quenes purse

by thandes of Henry Pole at Grenewiche x s.

Itin to John Williams Thomas Nelmes Hugh
Dolbyn Edward Davy and John Fitz-
williams to every of theim iij s. iiij d.
in reward for gevyng attendance at the
house of the duchesse of Suff' at Steben-
hith . • *vjs. viijd.

ELYSABETH.

j>< Siha pag. xxiij li. xiiij s. v d.

10 MAY, 1502.

Itin to Windesore for money by him geven to
a servaunt of Sr John Mortymer by the
commaundement of the Quene v s. and
to a Frencheman that brought a present
of pepyns to the Quene to the Tower
iij s. iiij d. , ,.; . -. viij s. iiij d.

Itin to Nicholas Maior the Quenes sadler in
partie of payement of suche money as
to him is due for making of certain stuf
of his occupacon ayenst the mariage of
the Princesse . . xx h.

Itin the v* day of May to Thomas Goodriche
and Thomas Awdeley of London mer-
cers for certain velvettes and othere stuf
of theire occupacon by theim delivered
to th'use of the Quene as by a bill signed
with hire hande it appereth r . xl ti. xiij s. v d.

Itin the same daye to my Lady Bray for a
rewarde by hire geven to oon William
Shadde for bringing a present of pud-
dinges to the Quene ,_ . . iij s. iiij d.

Itin for thoffring of the Quene upon the Fest
of Thascencon of oure Lord at Grene-
wiche . . .vs.

Itin the same day to the Quene of Scottes by
the commaundement of the Quenes
grace . . . . . xij d.

Itin the vij"1 day of May to Henry Roper
page of the bedds for his costes going by
the commaundement of the Quene from
Grenewiche to Londone for John Libert
the xvjtt day of Aprille iiij d. Itin the
xvij"1 day of the same moneth for going
from Grenewiche to Westminster for the

MAY, 1502. 1 1

Quenes confessour iiij d. Itin the xixth
day of the same moneth for going from
Grenewiche to London upon divers mes-
sages of the Quenes and there being
twoo dayes at viij d. the day xvj d. And
for foure baskettes with covers and foure
lokkes bought for the Queue iiij s. . vj s.

Itin the viij* day of May to the Quenes purse

by thandes of maistres Lee . xx li.

Itin the xtb day of May to John Browne
grome of the beddes for his costes being
behinde at Richemount with stuf of the
Quenes at hir departing from thens by
the space of twoo dayes at x d. the day
xx d. and for his costes going from the
Tower of London to Richemount to
prepayre the Quenes lodging there
against the commyng theder of thambas-
sadours of Hungre and there being vj
dayes v s. and for his costes going from
Grenewiche to London ij d. . vj s. x d.

ELYSABETH.

' Sm8 pag. Ixxxij li. iij s. xj d.

Itin the same day to James Noteras for his
costes riding by the commaundement of
the Quene from London to Havering at
Bower for maistres Saxilby xlj d-

Itin the xij* day of May to Mawde Hamond
for keping of hire child geven to the
Quene for half a yere ended at Estre last

viij 8.
past

12 MAY, 1502.

I tin the same day to Edmond Burton and
Nicholas Wyberne for theire costes going
from Richemount to Hampton Court
for maistres Brent by the space of twoo
dayes at xij d. the day iiij s. Itin payed
for the brekefast of maistres Lee at
Richemont ix d. Itin for the hire of a
bote from Grenewiche to London iiij d.
and from thens to Westminster ij d. ob. v s. iij d. oB.

Itin the xiij* day of May to Agnes Meting-
ham in aulmous by the commaundement
of the Queue . . vj s. viij d.

Itin the same day to my Lady Mary for hir

Ire of pardon of the Jubilee . xij d.

Itin the xiiij*11 day of May to the Quenes

purs at Green wiche . . xl s.

Itin delivered to William Bulstrode for the
contentacon of certain sommes of money
by him borowed of divers personnes in
London for th'use of the Quenes grace
whichehad certain plate in plegge. CCvj ti. xiij s. iiij d.

Itin to Sr William Capell knight for money

by him lent to the Quenes grace . C li.

Itin to William Stafford for money by him

borowed for the Quenes grace . C li.

Itin for thoffring of the Quene upon the Fest

of Pentecoste and the iij dayes following xx s.

Itin the xviij* day of May to the Quenes
purs by thandes of maistres Alianor
Johns at Grenewich . -.••• -4. xl s.

Itin the same day to maistres Cromer in re-

warde at her departing from the Courte xl s.

Itin the same day to my lady Cecill for money

by hir lent to the Quene . . . Ixxiij s. iiij d.

MAY, 1502. ]3

Itin the xxj" day of May to oon John Decon-
son servaunt to the Prioure of Hechyn
in reward for bringing a present of
apples and a quysshyn to the Quene . xiij s. iiij d.

Itin the same day to maistres Belknap for

money by hirlent to the Quenes grace xx s.

ELYSABETH.
fr Smapag. CCCClxxli. xxiij d. ofc.

Itin for thoffring of the Quene upon the Fest

of the Trinitee at Richemount . v s.

Itin the xxiij" day of May to Robynet en-

browdrer in reward . . xiij s. iiij d.

I tin the same day to the Quenes purs by
thandes of maistres Alionor Jotins at
Richmont . . xx s.

Itin the xxiiij" day of May to Stephene
Higham for certain stuff by him made
for the Quene x s. Itin for money by
him payed for the botehire of the Lady
Lovel from Richemount to Grenewiche
ij s. iiij d. and for going from Riche-
mount to London to Doctour Lathis
xij d. . . . . xiij S. iiij d.

Itin the same daye to a servaunt of Thabbase
of Syon in reward for bringing a present
of Rabettes and quayles to the Quene
to Richemount . . ij s.

Itin the XXVth day of May to Edmond Cal-
verd page of the Quenes chambre for
his costes going by the commaundement
of the Quene from Richemount to Lon-

14 MAY, 1502.

don to William Stafford for divers stuf
for the King in the nyght ij s. Itin for
going from Grenewich to London for
Maister Lynche xij d. Itin for going
from Richemount to London to maistres
Lokke for bonnettes for the Quene viij d.
Itin for going from Grenewiche to Lou-
don for maistres Stafford and maistres
Lees vj d. Itin for money by him payed
for egges butter and milke for the King
and Quene iij s. vj d. and for riding from
Grenewiche to Croydon to the Princesse
viij d. ... viij s. iiij d.

Itin the same day to Frary Clerc of Saint
Jonns for the buryeng of the men that
were hanged at Wapping mylne .•'•-. .» viij s.

Itin the same day to Nicholas Maior sadler
to the Quene for making of six tapettes
for the sompter horses with the lynyng
grayling jagging and for worsted yerne
at xvj d. the pece ) 3? . . viij s.

Itm for thoffring of the Quene upon the

Feest of Corpus Xpi at Richemount . v s.

Itin the same day to a servaunt of tharche-
bisshop of Canterbury in reward for
bringing a present of a Lanthony Cheese
to the Quene to Richemount -7. ij s.

Itin the xxviiju day of M ay to John Johnson
surgion in reward for his costes commyng
from London to the Quene to Riche-
mount . . »<". ' xiij s. iiij d.

ELYSABETH.

3?* Sin3 pag. iiij li. xviij s. iiij d.

MAY, 1502. J

Itm the same day to maistres Alianor Jofins
for money by hir geven in reward to a
servaunt of the Lady Lovell for bringing
a chest of iverey with the passion of oure
Lord theron . . Hj ~p j- d

Itm to John Browne for money by him payed

for pepyns for the Quene . . ij s. vj d.

Itm to John Hertley for the amending of five

barehides of the warderobe of the beddes x s.

Itm the xxix" day of May to Lewes Waltier
for conveyeng the Quene in hir barge
with xxj rowers from Grenewiche to the
Tower the xxvij" day of April every
rower taking viij d. xiiij s. the maister
xvj d. Itin the ijde day of May convey-
eng the Quene from the Tower to Grene-
wiche with xxj rowers xiiij s. and the
maister xvj d. Itm the xix* day of May
conveyeng the Quene from Grenewiche
to Richemount with xxju rowers at viij d.
the rower xiiij s. and the maister xvj d.
Itm a grete bote the same day convey-
eng the ladyes and gentilwomen from
Grenewiche to Richemount with ix
rowers at viij d. the rower vj s. and the
maister xvj d. . . liij s. iiij d.

Itin the same day to the said Lewes for
talowing dressing and for roopes and
othere necessaries for the Quenes barge x s.

Itin the same day to Richard Justice for
money by him payed for a yerd and an
half of tawny saten for the Quene at
vij s. the yerd x s. vj d. Itin for a yerd

16 MAY, 1502.

and an half of blake saten at vij s. the
yerd x s. vj d. Item for a yerde and a
half of crymsyn sarcenet at iij s. viij d.
the yerd v s. vj d. Itfn for his costes
going from Grenewiche to the Tower for
a stole covered with scarlet viij d. Itin
for going for a gowne of russet velvet
with a purfle of cloth of gold of damaske
viij d. Itin for going for silkes above
written j d. Itin for going for a gowne
of purple velvet with a purfle of cloth of
gold viij d. Itin for ij yerdes of white
fustyam for sokkes for the Quene xiij d.
and for his costes lyeng behinde at
Grenewiche with the Queues stuf by the
space of ij dayes xvj d. . . xxxj s.

Itin the same day to the wif of oone William
Greneweye in reward for bringing a pre-
sent of peesecoddes to the Quene ij s.

ELYSABETH.

.p1 Sma pag. Cxij s. ij d.

Itm the same day to John Hertley for the
amending of the barehide belonging to
the close carre of the wardrobe of the
robys . . '^ . vs.

Itin the xxxu day of May to John Hensted
of London wexchaundeler for twoo rollys
of white wex weyeng ij Ib. at viij d.

MAY, 1502. 17

the Ib. ij s. viij d. Itm ten rolls yelow wex
at viij d. the Ib. vj s. viij d. delivered the
vij* day of Decembre Itm the iij^ day
of Aprille delivered foure rollys white
wex vs. iiij d. and for ten rolles of
yelowe wex vj s. viij d. . . xxj s. iiij d.

Itm the same daye to John Stormy of Charte-
sey in reward for keping of twoo pal-
frayes of the Quenes after the decease of
Richard Payne palfreyman . x s.

Itm the same daye to Elys Hilton grome of
the robys for money by him payed by the
commaundement of the Quene for cer-
tain stuf for the Lord William Courteney.
Furst for ten elnes of Holand cloth for
shirtes at ij s the elne xx s. Itin a furre
and a half of fox for a gowne of russet
xij s. Itm for making of the same
gowne xj d. Itin for a nyght bonet xij d.
Itm for twoo yerdes iij quarters of saten
of Bruges blake for the covering of a
sadelle for my Lady Kateryne at ij s.
vj d. the yerd vj s. x d. ob. Itin for a
yerde and a quarter of blake velvet for
bordering of the said sadelle and for
the perfourmyng of a horse barneys
at x s. the yerd xij s. vj d. Itin for
cariage of divers gownes of the Quenes
from the Towre to Richemount xviij d.
and for cariage of the same gownes
from Grenewiche to the Towre iiij d.
Sm- . . • !*»• Ud-**'

Itin the same day to the Quenes purs by

18 JUNE, 1502.

thandes of George Hamerton at Riche-

mount . . xx s.

Ttm the furst day of Juyn to Thomas
Acworth for thexpenses of the Queues
stable ' . . Iviij li. v s. iij d.

Itin the ij^ day of Juyn to a servaunt of the
Prioure of Lanthony in reward for bring-
ing a present of cheses to the Quene . vs.

Itin the iijde day of Juyn to a servaunt of
Richard Smyth in reward for bringing a
fawne from the parke of Swalofield to
the Quene to Richemount . . iij s. iiij d.

ELYSABETH.

j>r Sma pag. Ixiij li. v s. j d. ob.

Itin the iiij* day of Juyn to the Quenes
purse at Richemount by thandes of
Maistres Alianor Johnes and John
Browne . . xx s.

Itin the \jA day of Juyn to my Lady Bray for

money by hire lent to the Quene . xxvj s. viij d.

Itin the vj* day of Juyn to Nicholas Grey
clerc of the werkes at Richemount in
reward to him geven by the Quene
towardes suche losses as he susteigned at
the birnyug of his howse at Riche-
mount . . lx s.

Itin the vij* day of Juyn to the Quenes purse

at Westin by thandes of Maistres Brent xl s.

JUNE, 1502. 19

Itin the viij* day of Juyn to Henry Roper
for stuf by him bought for the Quene
of Scottes. Furst for thre basons of
peauter weyeng viij Ib. dl price the Ib.
vj d. iiij s. iij d. Itin a chafer of brasse
weyeng xviij Ib. price the Ib. iij d. iiij s.
vj d. I tin twoo wasshing bolles xiiij d.
Itin a fyre panne xij d. Itin a grete
trussing basket vj d. Itin a payre
belowes ij d. and for cariage of the same
by water from London to Westin
iij d. Sma . . . xj s. x d.

Itin the ixto day of Juyn to the dean of the
chapelle for thoffringes of the Quene
upon the Feest of Sainct George Sainct
Marc Philip and Jacob and the Inven-
con of the holy crosse . . xx s.

Itin delivered to Henry Bryan of London
mercer for eight yerdes of blake dam-
maske for a cloke for the Quene at vij s.
iiij d. the yerd Iviij s. viij d. Itin for
fyve yerdes of blake sarcenet for lynyng
to the same cloke at iiij s. the yerde xx s.
Itm for a yerde and iij quarters of blake
velvet for the bordring of the same at x s.
the yerd xvij s. vj d. Sin" iiij «. *vj s. ij d.

Itm delivered to the same Henry Bryan in
party of payement of a bille signed with
thande of the Quene conteignyng the
somme of Cvij ti. x s. qd. to him due
for certain silkes and othere stuf of his
occupacon by him delivered to th'use of
the Quene as by the same bill it ap-

pereth

D 2

20 JUNE, 1502.

Itm delivered to the Quenes purse by thandes

of Cristofre Askue at Richemount . xl li.

ELYSABETH.

pr Sin" pag. Ixiij li. xiiij s. viij d.

Itm the Xth day of Juyn to Robert Hed of
Londone tailloure for making of twoo
cootes of blake chamlet for my yong
Lordes Henry Courtney and Edward
Courtney at ij s. the coote iiij s. ayenst
Cristmas anno xvjmo. Itm for making
of twoo cootes of blake velvet for the
same yong lordes ayenst Estre than
next ensuyng iiij s. deliverd by Wil-
liam Bailly. Itm for making of twoo
cootes of blake chamlet the same tyme
for the said lordes deliverd by Elys
Hiltone iiij s. . . xij s.

Itm to the smyth at Baynardes Castell for
making of ij lokkes boltes for the gar-
deyn dore ther weyeng ix Ib. at
ij d. oB the Ifo. xiij d. oB. I tin for
a lokke and a staple for the same
dore xij d. Itm iij boltes to the hall dores
there xij d. for ij lokkes to the same
dores xx d. Itm for a lok to a dore
at the stayre fote xij d. Itm for a bolte
for gardyn dore and mending of twoo

JUNE, 1502. 21

lokkes viij d. Itm for mending of ij
payre henges vj d. ob. . . vij s.

Itm the xj* day of Juyn to the Quenes purs
by thandes of my Lady Anne Percy at
Westin

* A A o •

Itm the same daye to William Antyne coper
smyth for spangelles settes square peces
sterrys dropes and pointes after silver and
gold for garnisshing of jakettes against
the disguysing . . lvj s. viij d.

Itm the xij* day of Juyn to my Lady Bray
for money by hire deliverd to the frater-
nitie of oure Lady of Roundsevale ij s.
iiij d. and to the daughters of Henry
Wyndeslowe in reward for bringing a
present of roses to the Quene at Westin
vj s. viij d. Itm to a servaunt of my
Lorde of Derby for bringing a pre-
sent of malvesey to the Quene iij s.
iiij d. ... xiij s. iiij d.

Itin the xiij"1 day of Juyn to John Staunton

theldre towardes the byeng of a hors . vj s. viij d.
Itm the same day to Hampnet Clegge for
mone by him deliverd to the Quene
for hir offring to Saint Edward at
Westm . . . vj s. viij d.

Itin the xiiij111 day of Juyn to ij Friers of the
monasterie of Saint Kateryne Mount in
Senay for a Ire of pardon of the said
monasterie . • • xiij s. iiij d.

Itm the same day to the Quenes purs at
Richemount by thandes of Maistres
Alianor Jofins . . . xx s.

Itm to John Hamerton for money by him

22 JUNE, 1502.

delivered to the Quene for hire offring at
hire departing from Westfn to oure
Lady of Pie we and to Bowe . vij s. ix d.

ELYSABETH.

,£* Sin" pag. viij li. iij s. v d.

I tin the same day to Thomas Foller of Lon-
don mercer for yj yerdes of blake velvet
for a gowne for the Quene delivered the
vij"1 day of Juyn at ix s. viij d. the yerd
Ixij s. x d. Itm for a yerd of blake
bokeram for the same gowne viij d. Itin
for a yerd and a quarter of sarcenet
orange colour at iiij s. iiij d. the yerd
v s. v d. . . . Ixviij s. xj d.

Itm the same day to Robert Ragdale for
making of a peticote of scarlet for the
Quene viij d. Itin for making of lynon
peticotes for the Quene xij d. Itin for
making of vj payere shetes to the Queues
warderobe of her robes xv d. Itin for
upper bodyeng sieving and lynyng of a
gowne of blake velvet for the Quene of
Scottes xx d. Itin for canvas to the
same iij d. Itin for making of a gowne
of blake sateyn for my lady Mary xx d.
Itm for hemmyng of a kirtelle of the
Quene of Scottes iij d. Itin for hem-
myng of a kertell for my Lady Mary
iij d. Itin for makyng of a payre of

JUNE,. 1502. 23

sieves of white sarcenet for the Queue
of Scottes iiij d. I tin for making of a
kirtell for Brigette Crowmer xij d. Itiii
for hemmyng of a kirtelle of the same
Bridgettes iij d. Itih for lynyng of a
gowne for Maistres Zouche xij d. and
for mending of twoo gownes for Johanne
Popyncote viij d. . . x s. iij d.

Itm to Thomas Shurley for money by hym
delivered for thoffring of the Quene to
oure Lady of Piewe v d. for milke at
Richemount iij d. and to a pore man in
aulmouse somtyme being a servaunt of
King Edwardes the iiijth xx d. Sin" . ij s. iiij d.
Itiii to Thomas Barton foteman to the Quene
for money by him geven in aulmous by
the commaundement of the Quene in hir
journeying fro Richemont to Winsore iij s. iiij d.
Itiii the xvij111 day of Juyn to a servaunt of the
Maire of London in reward for bringing
a present of cherys to the Quene to
Windesour . . vj s. viij d.

Itin the xviijth day of Juyn to the Quenes
purse at Windesore by thandes of Mais-
tres Weston . . • l»j ?. iiij d-
Itiii the same day to my lady Bray for money
by hir delivered to the ministres of the
Kinges chapelle to drinke at a taverne
with a buk • xx s*
Itiii the xixth day of Juyn to the Quenes purse
by the handes of John Staunton thelder
atWynsore . - • xlvJ *• viiJd
Itiii the same day to Maistres Brent at Bay-
nardes Castle for a 115 of golde of Venice

24 JUNE, 1502.

bought of James Jentille to the Quenes

use .... xxyiij s.

ELYSABETH.

|)r Sma pag. xj li. xix s. vj d.

Itm the same day to John Staunton thelder
for money by him payed for x yerdes
Kendalle for a coote for the fole at viij d.
the yerde vj s. viij d. Itm for five elnes
dl of canvas at iiij d. the elne xxij d.
Itm for dl yerd of Kersey to bordre the
same xvj d. and for making the same
coote xvj d. Snia . xj s. ij d.

Itm the same day to Lewes Waltier the
Quenes bargeman for conveyeng the
Quene from Richemount to Westin the
vj111 day of Juyn in hir barge with xxiju
rowers every rower taking viij d. xiiij s.
viij d. and the maister xvj d. Itin a
grete bote and viij rowers the xj111 day of
Juyn conveyeng the Quene from Westfii
to Richemount v s. iiij d. the maister
xvj d. and the rewarde of the bote xij d.
Itm the Quenes barge with xxiju rowers
conveyeng the ladys and gentilwomen
from Westm to Richemount xiiij s.
viij d. and the maister xvj d. Sin xxxix s. viij d.

Itm the xxu day of Juyn to the Queues purs

JUNE, 1502. 2

at Windesore by thandes of Maistres

Brent and Arnold Chollerton xx 3.

Itm the same day to Sr Thomas Couper
Person of Saint Benettes in London for
the tithe of Baynardes Castelle and gar-
deyn there . . xj ^

Itm payed for vj ellis of lynnyn cloth sent to
the Quene by S1 John Hardy at xxu d.
the elne x «

• A a*

Itin delivered to dame Margret Cotton for
the diettes of my lord Henry Courtney
my lord Edward Courtney and my lady
Margret theire suster twoo women ser-
vauntes and a grome from furst day of
February last past unto the last day of
May than next following that is to wit
for xvij wekes at xiij s. iiij d. the weke x li. xiij s. iiij d.

Itin the xxjtt day of Juyn to Henry Bryan of
London mercer for xv yerdes dl of blake
dammaske for a gowne for the Quene at
vij s. the yerd . . Cviij s. vj d. *"*•

Itm the same day to John Conewey smyth
for foure transoms and xij standardes
weyeng iiij" xiiij Ib. at j d. ob. the Ib.
xj s. ix d. twoo transoms and xv slanders
weyeng iiij" iij Ib. dl at j d. ob. the Ib.
x s. v d. q*. Itin in lede for the fasten-
yng of the same iron xlix Ib. at ob. the
Ib. ij s. ob. Itin for viij* staples for a
bedde iiij d. . • xxiiij »• vj d. ob. q'.

ELYSABETH.

£r Sm" pag. xxiij li. vij s. ij d. ob. q'.
E

Q.Q JUNE,

Itin payed to a mason for iiij dayes werking
upon the windowes at Baynardes Castell
for setting in of the said iron . ij s.

Itin the xxiij* day of Juyn to the Quenes

purse by thandes of my Lady Anne Percy xx s.

I tin the xxviiju day of Juyn to the gromes
and pages of the halle for making bone-
fyres upon the evyns of Sainct John
Baptist and Saint Peter . . . vs.

Itin the same day to the Quenes purse by

thandes of Maistres Denton . xl s.

I tin the ijde day of July to William Worthy
ortherwise called Pfiip for the bourde of
William the Quenes fole for iij monethes
ended the last day of Juyn that is to wit
from the last day of Marche unto the
furst day of July at ij s. the moneth
Sma . „ , . vj s.

Itin the same day to the said William Pfiip
for his wages for keping of the said fole
by the space of iij quarters of a yere
ended at Midsomer last past . xx s.

Itin to the same William for money by him
payed to Rauf Wise of Grenewiche for
the diettes and othere necessaryes of the
said fole there being sik by the space of
iiij wekes . . . .j iiij s.

Itin the same day to Edmond Calver page of
the Quenes chambre for a payre of shois
for the Quenes fole vj d. Itin for a
grete basket for the Quenes stuf vj d.
Itin for going from Richemount to Lon-
don by the Quenes commaundement by
the space of ij dayes of divers erandes

JULY, 1502. <2

xvj d. Itm for botehire to feche John
Grice to Westin iij d. Itm for a box of
iverey weyeng vunces at viij d. the unce
iij s. iiij d. Itm for pyn povvdre xij d.
Itin for riding from Winsore to London
on divers errandes for the Queue by the
space of iij dayes at viij d. the day ij s. viij s. xj d.

Itin the ijde day of July to Thomas Fuller of
Londone mercer in partie of payement
of a bill signed with the hande of the
Quene conteignyng the somme of
due unto him for certain silkes of him
bought for the behove of the Quene as in
the same bill it appereth . xxx li.

Itin the same day for the Queues offring in
the colleage of Windesore at high masse
there • v s-

ELYSABETH.

Sin* pag. xxxv li. x s. xj d.

Itin the iijde day of July to Agnes Bretayn of
Londone wedowe for ix poundes and xj
unces of gold of Venys of hir bought
for the thuse of the Quene . . xxiij li. xvj s.

Itm the same day to John Coope of Londone

taillour for making of certain stuf that

is to wit for a coveryng of a cheyre of

cremyson cloth of gold lyned with blewe

E 2

28 JULY, 1502.

satyn vj s. viij d. Itm a nothere cover-
ing of cremysyn velvet lyned with blew
satyn vj s. viij d. Itin a coveryng of
blewe cloth of gold with cheverons lyned
with crymsyn damaske vj s. viij d. Itin
a covering for a litter of blewe cloth of
golde with cheverons lyned with crym-
syne dammaske vj s. viij d. Itin for
lynyng of x peces of riche cloth of gold
with blewe dammaske vj s. viij d. Itin
for making of xxvij quysshous vj with
blewe cloth of gold with cheverons the
oon half of the said quysshons of satyn
figure the othere six with crymsyn velvet
and six of crymsyn dammaske and six of
satyn figure twoo of purple velvet and
oon quysshon of cloth of gold xxvij s.
Itm for ix quysshons of cloth of gold ix s.
Itm for making of the coveringes for the
said cheyres of red cloth and blewe and
for the said litters v s. Sma . Ixxiij s. iiij d.

Itin the same day delivered to my Lady Bray
for money by hiue geven at the cristen-
yng of John Belles childe at Winsore by
the Quenes commaundement . xxvj s. viij d.

Itm the same day to the said Lady Bray for
money by hur geven to a Scottisheman
scole maister to the prince at his depart-
ing by the Quenes commaundement . xx s.

Itm the iiij*11 day of J uly to the Quenes purs
at Winsore by thandes of my Lady Anne
Percy . . xx s.

Itin the same day to Thomas Woodnote and
John Feld wayteng upon the Quenes

JULY, 1502. og

joelles from Richemount to Grenewiche
for oon day at vj d. the day xij d. Itin
from Grenewiche to Richemount for oon
day at vj d. the day xij d. and from
Richemount to Windesore for oon daye
xij d. Itin for the cariage of Frauuces
Gofer from Robynettes to the Towre
iiij d. Itm for theire costes riding to the
crysteynyng of my Lord Mounteioyes
childe by the space of iij dayes at xij d.
the day iij s. Sma . . vj s. iiij d.

Itin the Vth day of July to Robert Alyn for
money by him deliverd to the Quene for
hir offring at Windesore. Furst to the
Holy Crosse ij s. vj d. to Saint George
ij s. vj d. and to King Henry ij s. vj d.
and for thoffringes of the Quene of Scottes
xij d. ... viij s. vj d.

ELYSABETH.

<p* Sin* pag. xxxj !i. x s. x d.

Itin the same day to Giles lewter for striuges

for the Quene of Scottes lewte x 3.

Itin the vj* day of July deliverd to Thab-
basse of Dertford by thandes of John
Wiredon towardes suche money as the
said Abbasse hath layed out towardes
the charges of my Lady Brigit there . kvj s. viij d.

Itm the same day to the undrekeper of

30 JULY, 1502.

Swalowfeld for the bringing of iij bukkes

from Swalowfeld to Windesore . vj s. viij d.

Itin the same day to a servaunt of William
Bulstrode for bringing of a present of
cakes apulles and cherys to the Queue at
Windesore . . xx d.

Itin the same day to my Lady Verney for
money by hire payed by the commaunde-
mentof the Quene. Furst in aulmous
iij s. iiij d. Itiri. in reward geven to the
Fery man at Datchet iij s. iiij d. Itiri
in aulmous to an old servaunt of King
Edwardes vj s. viij d. Itin to hir purs
upon the evyn of Saint Petre xvij s. . xxx s. iiij d.

Itin the same day to a servaunt of Sr John
Williams in reward for bringing of twoo
bukkes to the Quene at Windesore . iiij s.

Itiri the viija day of July to Thomas Acworth

for thexpenses of the Quenes stable Ivj li. iij s. ob.

Itiri the ix* day of July to Anthony Cotton in
reward by the commaundement of the
Quene at Windesore . . xiij s. iiij d.

Itiri the same day to the underkeper of Berke-
hampsted for bringing of a buk to the
Quene to Windesore . iij s. iiij d.

Itiri the same day to a servaunt of William
ap Howell for bringing of a popyngay
to the Quene to Windesore . xiij s. iiij d.

Itin the Xth day of July to Thomas Fisshe
in reward for bringing of conserva cherys
from London to Windesore sent from
Maistres Lees ij s. viij d. and for an
elne of lynnyn cloth for a sampler for the
Quene viij d. . . . iij s. iiij d.

JULY, 1502. 31

Itm the same day to Henry Smyth clerc of
the Castell of Windesore for money by
him payed to a certain labourers to make
an herbour in the litle parke of Winde-
sore for a banket for the Queue . iiij s. viij d.

Itm the same day to the Quenes purs at
Windesore by thandes of my Lady Anne
Percy . . xx s.

Itm the xj* day of July to the dean of the
Kinges chapell for thoffringes of the
Quene upon the Feestes of the Nativitie
of Saint Johne Baptist thappostelles
Petre and Paul Saint Thomas the Marter
and Relique Sonday . xx s.

ELYSABETH.

,pr Sin8 pag. Ixvj li. iiij d. ob.

Itm the same day to the Quenes Aulmoigner
for thoffring of the Quene upon Sonday
next after the Nativitie of Saint John
Baptist at High Masse in the colleage of
Windesore . • .vs.

Itm the same day to the said Aulmoigner for
money by him geven to the children of
the said college of Winsore • xx d-

Itm the xipday of July delivered to the
Quene for hire offring at oure Lady of
Cabroke . • - V"J d'

32 JULY, 1502.

Itin the same day to the heremite there in

aulmous . . xij d.

I tin the same day to a poure man that guyded

the Quenes grace thider . . iiij d.

Itin the xiij*11 day of July to a servaunt of
dame Margret Cottons for his costes
commyng from Havering to Notley to
the Quene to knowe hir pleasire where
the Lord Edmond son to the Lady Kate-
ryne shuld be bury ed . . xx d.

Itin the same day to John Duffyn for his
costes riding from Richemount to Westin
for the Quenes confesour on Trinite
Sonday evyn and for delivering of a Ire of
the Quenes to Thabbot of Westm xvj d.
Itifi for his costes riding from Londone
to Winsore for Maistres Brent and from
Wendesore to London ayen in message
to the same Maistres Brent by the space
of iij dayes ij s. vj d. I tin for his costes
riding for M. Decons whan his clerk was
deed to cause him to comme to the Court
by the space of ij dayes xx d. Itin for
his costes to Lambeth for countremaund-
ing of acofer of the Quenes x d. . vj s. iiij d.

Itin the xiiif1 day of July to Edmond Cal-
verd for his costes riding to Vektour
Courtney vj s. viij d. Itin for an elne of
yelowe sarcenet for the Quene v s. Itin
for his costes riding to London by the
space of iij dayes ij s. vj d. Itin anothere
tyme for riding to London by the space
of iij dayes ij s. vj d. and for mending of
a possenetof the Quenes viij d. . xvij s. iiij d.

JULY, 1502. 33

I tin the xixth day of July delivered to the
Quenes Aulmoner for money by him
leyed out in aulmous from Windesore to
Woodstok . . . vij s.

I tin the same day to the Quenes purse at
Woodstok by thandes of my Lady Kate-
ryne . . . xx s.

Itin the xx" day of July to Thomas Wood-
note for thexpenses of the Queues grey-
houndes for the monethes of January
February Marche Aprill May and Juyn
that is to wit for C iiij" j dayes at ij d.
the day . . . xxx s. ij d.

ELYSABETH.
|>r SnV pag. iiij li. xj s. ij d.

Itin the same day to a servaunt of the prior
of Lantony for bringing a present of
chesys to the Quene to Woodstok . iij s. iiij d.

Itin the xxiij* day of July to Richard Justice
page of the robys for his costes going
from Richemount to London for a gowne
of cloth of gold furred with pawmpilyon
ayenst Corpus Xpi day by the space of
twoo dayes every day viij d. xvj d. Itm
for bote hire for the same gowne xij d.
Itin for going from Richemount to Lon-
F

34 AUGUST, 1502.

done for the making of a gowne of
crymsyn sattayn by the space of ij dayes
at viij d. the day xvj d. Itin for mend-
ing of a lokke upon the warderobe dore
at Westm iij d. I tin for mending a lokke
upon a standard ij d. Itin for botehire
from Westm to London for sarsonettes
and divers othere thinges iij d. Itin for
botehire from Westm to London for the
Querie of Scottes slevys of orenge colour
sarsonet iij d. Itin for going from
Westin to Richemount for vj gownes of
the Quenes by the space of oone day
viij d. Itin for botehire for the same
gownes from Richemont to Westm and
from Westin to Richemount ay en ij s. vij s. iij d.

Itin the xxiiiju day of July to John Rauf
yeoman of the close carre for a payre of
whelys by him bought of William Roke
of Kydlington vj s. viij d. Itin for the
bynding and setting on of the strakes
xij d. Itin for xl Ib. of iron xvj d. ob.
Itin for making of iij dosyn of nailles
xij d. Itih for mending and eching of
iiij hopys to the said whelys ij d. and for
cariage of the same whelys from Kyd-
lington to Woodstok iiij d. . xs. vj d.ob.

Itin the ijde day of August to Anne Saye for

iij smokkes -..;, . . iij s. iiij d.

Itin the same day to the Quenes purs by

thandes of Maistres Brent . xl s.

Itin the same day to Robert Ragdale taillour
for making of twoo dubieties for the twoo
fotemen iij s. iiij d. Itin for lynyng of

AUGUST, 1502. 3d

a gowne of blake velvet for the Queries
grace with wyde slevys with black sarsenet
with an egge of blake sattayn iij s. iiij d.
and for mending of divers gownes and
kirtelles of the Quenes iiij s. x d. . xj s. vj d.

Itih the iijde day of August to a servaunt of
the Lord Mountioyes for bringing of
twoo bukkes from Cornebury to Wood-
stok to the Quene . ij s.

ELYSABETH.

,pr Sin* pag. Ixxvij s. xj d. ob.

I tin the same day to Robert Alyn for his
costes prepayring logging for the Quene
from Richemount to Westm by the
space of iij dayes at xij d. the day iij s.
Itin to William Hamerton yeoman to the
Quenes beddes for iij dayes at xij d. the
day iij s. I tin to Edmond Burtone yeo-
man for iij dayes at xij d. the daye iij s.
Itm to George Hamerton grome porter
for iij dayes ij s. vj d. Itin to William
Pole grome for iij dayes ij s. vj d. and to
Edmond Caverd page for iij dayes ij s. xvj a.

Itin the same daye to the said Robert for his
costes prepayring logging for the Quene
from Windesore to Woodstok by the
space of vj dayes at xij d. the day vj s.
Itin to Edmond Levesey yeoman for vj
dayes vij s. Itin to George Hamerton
F2

36 AUGUST, 1502.

grome portere for vj dayes v s. Itin to

John Staunton grome for vj dayes v s.

Itin to John Bright page for vj dayes

iiij s. and to Henry Rooper page for iiij

dayes at viij d. the daye ij s. viij d. xxviij s. viij d.
Itm the same daye to the forsaid Robert Alyn

for his costes prepayring logging for the

Quene from Richemount to Grenewiche

the last day of Marche by the space of

twoo dayes and from thens to the Towre

of London the xxvij" day of Aprell by

the space of twoo dayes that is to wit for

iiij dayes at xij d. the day iiij s. Itin to

Edmond Lyvesey yeoman for iiij dayes

iiij s. Itm to George Hamerton grome

portere for iiij dayes iij s. iiij d. Itin to

William Pole grome for twoo dayes xx d.

Itm to Edmond Calverd page for ij

dayes xvj d. Itm to John Browne
grome of the beddes for twoo dayes
xx d. and to John Feld grome for ij
dayes xx d. . . . xvij s. viij d.

ttin the same day to my Lady Verney for
money by hur delivered by the com-
maundement of the Quene to Fyll the
Kinges payntour in reward iij s. iiij d.
Itin to John Reynold payntour for
making of divers beestes and othere
pleasires for the Quene at Windesore
x s. Itin to a servauut of William Bul-
strowdes for bringing a present of cherys
to the Quene to Wycombe xx d. and for
hir offring to Saint Frydeswyde at Oxon-
ford xx d. . . . xvj s. viij d.

AUGUST, 1502. 37

Itm the iiij* day of August delivered to
Thabbesse of Elnestowe by thandes of
John Duffy n for the costes and charges
of litle Anne Loveday at the making of
hire nonne there . vj ii. xiij 3. iiij d.

I tin the Vth day of August to Rogier Elys for
a barrell of greese of hym bought by
William Hamerton for the lycoryng of
the Quenes barehydes xj; ^

T ~^

Itm the same day to a servaunt of the Prior
of Lanthony for bringing a present of
chesys to the Queue to Langley, . iij s. iiij d.

ELYSABETH.

«j?r Sma pag. xj li. vij s. viij d.

Itm the same day delivered to M. Xpofre
Plommer for money by him geven in
aulmous for the Quene at divers tymes
in hur journeys . . . xxiij s.

Itm the vj* day of August to the Quenes
purs at Langley by thandes of my Lady
Anne Percy . . vj li. xiij s. iiij d.

Itm delivered for thoffring of the Quene at
hir being sikke at Woodstok to oure
Lady at Northampton ij s. vj d. and to
fyve preestes for v masses doon before
oure Lady there xx d. Itm for thoffring
of the Quene to the Roode at Northamp-
ton xij d. and to oure Lady at Linche-
lade ij s. vd. . . . vij s. viij d.

38 AUGUST, 1502.

Itin the same day delivered for the Queries
almous at hir departing from Woodstok
to Langley . . . xxj d.

Itin the same day to Maistres Bellknap for
money by hir delivered by the com-
maundement of the Queue to the Quene
of Scottes at Windesore . lt». I xx s.

Itin delivered to Maistres Bourne for money
by hur payed for Maistres Anne Saye.
Furst for vj yerdes of fustyan price the
yerd vij d. iij s. vj d. Itin for lynyng
and lynnyn cloth to the same xvj d. Itin
for making of the same kirtell xij d. and
for hose and shone for the same Anne
ij s. viij d. i . . viij s. vj d.

Itin delivered for the Queues offring at Flex-
ley Abbey to the high aulter there . v s.

Itin the xiiij* day of August to the Kinges

garde in rewarde with a buk . xx s.

Itin the same day to thofficers and kepers of
the Quenes stable with a buk in reward
at Monmouth . . x s.

Itin to Jaques Hawte for money by him de-
livered to a woman that brought a pre-
sent of cakys and pearys to the Quene xij d.

Itin the same day to certain personnes in
Litle Dean in the Forrest of Dean that
wrought in fynyng of iron in reward ... x s.

Itin in rewarde to the keper of the parke of
Miserder for bringing thre bukkes to
Monmouth . . jj » r. v s.

Itin for the keper of the parke of Brymes-
feld for bringing twoo bukkes to Mon-
mouth to the Quene . . ij s. viij d.

AUGUST, 1502. 30

Itin to the Kinges harbegiers in rewarde with
a buk at Monmouth

A ?>•

Itin delivered to my Lady Verney for money
by hure offred by the Quenes com
maundement to Saint Frydeswyde at
Oxonford . . xx d.

ELYSABETH.

,pr Siha pag. xij li. xix s. vij d.

Itin the XVth day of August to John Browne
grome of the Quenes beddes for carieng
of certain stuf from Baynardes Castell to
Richemounte whan thambassidours of
Hungry were ther iij s. iiij d. Itin for
his costes going from Richemounte to
London to Maistres Stafford by the
Quenes commaundement by the space of
iij dayes at x d. the day ij s. vj d. Itin
at a nother tyme for his costes going from
Richemount to London to Maistres Staf-
ford for Maistres Lokke by the space of
twoo dayes at xd. the daye xx d. Itin
for his costes going from Richemount to
Baynardes Castell fore bringing up the
bedde of a Tourney by the Quenes com-
maundement iiij d. Itin for an hamper
to carye in pepyns for the Quene vj d.
Itm for his costes riding to Therl of
Northumbreland by the space of a day
x d. and for his costes riding to the Lord

40 AUGUST, 1502.

of Arundell by the space of iij dayes

ij s. vj d. . . . xj s. viij d.

Itm the same daye to Thomas Hoden for
keping of his childe geven to the Quene
for the half yere ended at Mydsomer last
past . . . . xiij s. iiij d.

Itm the same daye to Thomas Woodnote and
John Felde gromes of the Quenes
chambre for thaire costes \vayting upon
the Queues joy elles from Richemount to
Windesore from Windesore to Wycombe
from Wycombe to Notley from Notley
to Bostall from Bostall to Woodstok and
for Woodstok to Langley by the space of
vj dayes either of theiin at vj d. the day
vj s. Itm to the same Thomas \\ ood-
note for his costes from Windesore to
London by the space of iij dayes at x d.
the day ij s. vj d. . . viij s. vj d.

Itm the xviij* day of August to Robert
Johnson the Quenes taillour in partye of
pavement of a bill signed with thande
of the Quene conteignyng the somme of
xxxij li. xvj s. j d. to him due for
making of certain robys gownys kyrtilles
and othere apparrell belonging to the
Quenes grace and divers ladyes and
gentilwomen being at hur fynding as
appereth by the said bill . xiij li. vj s. viij d.

Itm the xix* day of August by Henry Ropers
servaunt for his costes commyng behinde
with the cartes of stuf from Langley to
Ragland by the space of vj dayes at
iiij d. the day . : •&* t.fi ij s.

AUGUST, 1502. 41

Itm the same day to the Quenes purs by
thandes of my Lady Elisabeth Stafford
atRaglang . . . xl s.

ELYSABETH.
<pr Sma pag. xvij li. ij s. ij d.

Itm the same day to Hugh Denys for money
by him delivered to a straungier that
gave the Queue a payre of clavycordes in
crownes for his rewarde . . iiij li.

Itm the xxu day of August to Robert Alyn
for his costes prepayring logging for the
Quene from Woodstok to Ragland by
the space of xj dayes at xij d. the day
xj s. Itin to Edmond Lyvesey yeoman
for x dayes at xij d. the day x s. Itm
to George Hamerton grome porter for
x dayes at x d. the day viij s. iiij d. Itm
to John Staunton grome of the Quenes
chambre for x dayes at x d. the day viij s:
iiij d. Itin to John Browne grome of
the beddes with the Quenes grace for ix
dayes at x d. the daye vij s. vj d. Itm
to William Gentilman page of the
chambre for x dayes at viij d. the day vj s.
viij d. and to Henry Roper page of the
beddes for ij dayes at viij d. the day
xvj d. . . . Hij s. ij d.

42 AUGUST, 1502.

Itin the xxju day of August to Arnolde Chol-
lerton for his costes prepayring logging
for the Quene from Grenewiche to
Richemounte by the space of twoo dayes
at xij d. the daye ij s. Itm to Edmond
Lyvesey yeoman for ij dayes at xij d. the
day ij s. Itm to John Browne grome
of the beddes for ij dayes at x d. the
day xx d. Itin to William Pole for ij
dayes at x d. the daye xx d. Itin to
Edmond Calverd page for ij dayes at
viij d. the day xvj d. Itm to the said
Arnold for his costes prepayring logging
for the Quene from Richemount to
Windesore by the space of twoo dayes
at xij d. the day ij s. Itin to Edmond
Lyvesey yeoman for ij dayes at xij d. the
day ij s. Itin to John Browne grome
of the beddes for twoo dayes at x d. the
day xx d. Itin to William Pole grome
for twoo dayes xx d. And to Edmond
Calverd page for ij dayes at viij d. the
day xvj d. . . . xvij s. iiij d.

Itin the xxij" day of August to the Kinges
Aulmoner for the Quenes offring to
Saint Anne in the wood besides Bristowe ij s. vj d.

Itin the same day to John Hamerton for
money by him delivered to the Quene
for hir offring at hir departing from
Windesore. Furst to the high aulter
within the Kinges Colleage there ij s.
vj d. Itin to Saint George ij s. vj d.
Itin to King Henry ij s. vj d. . vij s. vj d.

Itin the xxiiij" day of August delivered to the

AUGUST, 1502. 43

Queries grace at Tabuls by thandes of
Maistres Lee at Ragland . . x s.

ELYSABETH.

<p* Sin8 pag. viij li. x s. vj d.

Itin the xxviiju day of August to a servaunt
of S' Waltier Herbertes in reward for
bringing a goshawke to the Quene to
Chepstowe . . x s.

Itin the same day to the mariners that con-
veyed the Quenes grace over Severn be-
sides Chepstowe . . xs.

Itin the same day to the Quenes purs at Wal-

leston by thandes of my Lady Verney xl s.

Itm the xxix" day of August to a servaunt of
M. Esterfeldes of Bristowe in rewarde
for bringing of a present of oranges and
sukcades to the Quene to Berkeley . ij 3.

Itm the same daye to the churche of Thome-
bury . . . xx d.

Itin the last day of August to my Lady Anne
Percy for money by hire geven in re-
ward to a Spanyarde that camme from
the Princesse to the Quene into Walys xx s.

Itm the ij*16 day of Septembre to the Quenes
purs at Berkeley by thandes of Maistres
Brent . C s.

G 2

44 SEPTEMBER, 1502.

Itin the same day to Thomas Woodnote and

John Felde gromes of the Quenes

chambre for thaire costes wayting upon

the Quenes joyelles from Langley to

Northlache from Northlache to Coberley

from Coberley to the Vineyarde from

the Vyneyarde to Flexley Abbey from

Flexley Abbey to Troye and from Troye

to Ragland by the space of vj dayes

eithere of theim at vj d. the day . vj s.

I tin the same Thomas Woodnote and John

Felde for theire costes going before with

the Quenes jewelles from Ragland to
Berkeley by the space of x dayes eithere
of theim at x d. the day . $ • xvj s. viij d.

Itin the same day to a servaunt of the Priour
of Lanthonys in rewarde for bringing of
a present of chesys to the Quene to Ber-
keley . . . ij 8.
Itin the same day to the Quenes mynstrelles

in reward . . . xl s.

Itin the iijde day of Septembre to Edmond
Calverd for fyve yerdes of blake chamlet
at ij s. iiij d. the yerde xj s. viij d. Itin
for fyve yerdes of tawny chamlet at ij s.
the yerde x s. Itin for eight yerdes of
buk ram at v d. the yerde iij s. iiij d. and
for his costes riding for the same stuf
from Berkeley to Bristowe by the space
of ij dayes xx d. . . xxvj s. viij d.

Itin the same day to a servaunt of the Lord
Saintmondes for bringing of twoo bukkes
to the Quene to Berkeley * . ij s. viij d.

SEPTEMBER, 1502. 45

Itiii the same day for bringing of venyson
from Fastern to London by the Queues
commaundement . . vj s. viij d.

ELYSABETH.

J}* Sm" pag. xiiij li. iiij s. iiij d.

Itin the iiij111 day of Septembre to John Belly
yeoman of the Quenes stuf for money by
him layed out for certain necessaries for
the Quenes lytter. Furst for viij dosyn
silke pointes price the dosyn iij d. ij s.
Itm for CCC pynnes price the C iiij d.
xij d. Itin for fyre to drye the stuf iij s.
Itm for a yerde of freese vj d. Itm for
iij litter pynnes of iron vj d. and for ij
brusshis vj d. . . vij s. vj d.

Itm the same day for cariage of vj bukkes

from Fastern to Berkeley to the Quene iiij s.

Itin the Vth day of Septembre for cariage of
the Quenes stole from London to Oxon-
ford and from Oxonford to Langley . xiiij d.

Itin the Xth day of Septembre to a servaunt
of the Lord Saintmondes for bringing of
twoo bukkes from Blakemore to Fayre-
ford to the Quene . .vs.

Itin the same day of Septembre to Thomas
Acwurth for thexpenses of the Quenes
stable . - iiij"vjli. xxij d. ob. q«.

Itin the same day to John Bolton for his costes

46 SEPTEMBER, 1502.

riding from Berkeley to Bristowe for

wyne for the Queue . . xij d.

Itin the xij*11 day of Septembre to the keper
of Cosham Parke for bringing of v
bukkes from thens to Fayreford to the
Quene . . .vs.

Itin the same day to a guyde that guyded the
Quenes grace from Cotes place to Fayre-
ford .... viij d.

Itin the xiij"1 day of Septembr to a servaunt
of the Lord Saintmondes for bringing of
vj bukkes from the Forrest of Pevisham
and Blakemore to the Quene to Fayre-
ford . . . vj s.

Itin the same day to the Quenes purs at

Fayreford , . xl s.

Itfn the same day to Agnes Dean the Quenes
laundre for hir hors mete betwene
Windesore and Berkeley by the space of
Ix dayes at iiij d. the day . . xx s.

Itin the same day to Richard Justice page of
the robys for money by him payed to a
guyde that went from Monmouth foure
myles bakewarde towardes Flexley Abbey
to guyde a wayne laden with stuf of the
Warderobe of the robys that was broken
to Monmouth forsaid viij d. Itin for
making of twoo dublettes for the Quenes
fotemen of crymsyn velvet at xx d. the
pece iij s. iiij d. Itin to the same Richard
for his costes riding from Wollestone to
Berkeley to receyve the close carre and
a loode of stuf that went aboute by
Gloucestre from Ragland to Berkeley

.
SEPTEMBER, 1502. 47

by the space of twoo dayes at viij d. the

<%xvjd. . .vs. iiijd.

ELYSABETH.

,pr Sma pag. iiij" x li. xvij s. vj d. ob. qa.

I tin the same day to John Duffy n for his costes
riding from Woodstok to Antell by the
Quenes commaundement from Antell to
Thabbesse of Elstowe from Elstowe to
Herauld for a buk for the professing of
a nonne of Elstowe forsaid and from
thens to the courte to Sr Giles Brigges
place by the space of vij dayes at x d.
the day . . . v s. x d.

Itin the same day to the keper of the parke
of the Devyes for bringing of vj bukkes
from thens to Fayreford to the Quene vj s. viij d.

Itm the same day to John Staunton for money
by him payed to a man that guyded the
Quene from Flexley Abbey to Troye be-
sides Monmouth . . . iij s. iiij d.

Itfn the xiiij*11 day of Septembre to a servaunt
of the Lord Saintmondes for bringing of
a buk to the Quene to Fayreford xvj d.

Itin the xvj* day of Septembre to John
Staunton for money by him geven in re-
warde to a woman that brought a present
of apulles to the Quene to Fayreford
from the LadyHungreford . . iij s. iiij d.

48 SEPTEMBER, 1502.

I tin the same day to a servaunt of the Lord
Saintmondes for bringing of twoo bukkes
to the Quene to Langley . . ij s. viij d.

Itm the xvij"1 day of Septembre to John Grice
appoticary for certain stuf of his occu-
pacon by him delivered to th'use of the
Quene as by bill signed with thande of
hure grace it appereth . . x li. xix s. xj d.

Itm the same daye for cariage of v bukkes

from Fastern to the Princesse to London x s.

Itm the same day for cariage of twoo bukkes

from Fastern to Langley to the Quene ij s. viij d.

Itm the same day to the Quenes purs at

Langley . . . xl s.

Itm the xviij* day of Septembre to the keper
of the parke of the Devyes for bringing
of iiij bukkes to the Quene to Langley vs. iiij d.

Itm the xix* day of Septembre to a servaunt
of the Maires of London in rewarde for
bringing of twoo barrelles of Rynnysshe
wyne from London to Langley to the
Quene . . .

Itm the xxti day of Septembre to the Quenes

purs at Langley . . xlli.

Itm for bourding of Anne Saye oon of the
Quenes gentilwomen being sikke at
Woodstok by the space of viij wekes
at xvj d. the weke . . x s. viij d.

ELYSABETH.
j)r Sin8 pag. Ivj li. xj s. ix. d.

SEPTEMBER, 1502. 49

Itin the xxj" day of Septembre to Lyonard
Twycrosse servaunt to John Gyrce appo-
ticary towardes his wedding gowne . xvj s.

Itffi the xxvj'day of Septembre to the Quenes

purs by thandes of my Lady Anne Percy xl s.

Itin the xxvij" day of Septembre to Robert
Alyn for his costes prepayring logging
for the Quene from Ragland to Chep-
stowe by the space of twoo dayes from
Chepstowe to Walstone ij dayes from
Walstone to Berkeley ij dayes from Ber-
keley to Beverstone twoo dayes from
Beverstone to Cotes place twoo dayes
from Cootes place to Fayreford twoo
dayes and from Fayreford to Langley oon
day that is to wit by the space of xiij
dayes at xij d. the day xiij s. I tin to
William Hamerton yeoman for ij dayes
ij s. Itin to Edmond Bourtone yeoman
for xiij dayes xiij s. Itin to George
Hamerton grome porter for xij dayes x s.
Itin to William Pole grome for xiij dayes
x s. x d. Itin to John Browne grome
for ix dayes vij s. vj d. Itin to John
Bright page for xij dayes viij s. and to
Henry Roper page for twoo dayes xvj d.
Sina. . . . . Ixv s. viij d.

Itin the xxviij" day of Septembre to John
Wereclon for his costes prepayring log-
ging from Richemount to Ragland and
from Ragland to Langley by the space
of xxu dayes at xij d. the day xx s. and
to the same John for his costes riding
from Windesore to Dartford to my Lady
H

50 SEPTEMBER, 1502.

Brigget by the space of twoo dayes at

xij d. the day ij s. Sma . . xxij s.

Itih the same day to John Browne grome of
the beddes for his costes riding afore from
Windesore to Woodstok with the Quenes
stuf by the space of twoo dayes xx d.
Itm for his costes going before from
Notley to Woostok with stuf of the
Quenes by the space of iiij dayes at x d.
the day iij s. iiij d. and for his costes
riding afore with the said stuf from
Ragland to Berkeley by the space of viij
dayes vj s. viij d. sma . . xj s. viij d.

I tin the same day to Maister Harding clerc
of the Quenes closed for money by him
geven in aulmous at divers tymes by the
Quenes commaundement . . ij s. viij d.

Itin the same day to Richard Smyth yeoman
of the robis for money by him payed for
a plyte of lawnde for a shirte for the
childe of grace at Reding v s. Itin for
making of the same shirte iiij d. and for
offring to our Lady of Cawseham iiij d.
by the Quenes commaundement. sm* v s. viij d.

|>r Sm* pag. viij ii. iij s. viij d.

•

OCTOBER, 1502.

Itm the same day to William Hamertone
yeoman of the beddes for money by him
geven in rewarde to a poure man that
drove the charyet from Coberley to Chep-
stowe by the Queues commaundement iij s. iiij d.

Itm the ijde day of Octobre to a servaunt of
my Lady Herbart wif to Sr Waltier Her-
bert Knight in reward for bringing of an
hert to the Quene to Langley . x s.

Itm the iijde day of Octobre to Maistres
Bourne at Langley for laces rybandes and
sarcenet for gurdelles for the Quene . xl s.

Itin the vj* day of Octobre to the Quenes
purs at Minstre Lovell by thandes of my
Lady Anne Percy . . xx s.

Itin the same day to a servaunt of S* John
Longes in reward for bringing of a crane
to the Quene . . xij d.

Itin the \ij°* day of Octobre to the Quenes
purse at Minstre Lovel by thandes of
John Staunton thelder . . xx s.

Itm the same day to the Quenes purs by

thandes of the said John Staunton . xx s.

Itm the same day to William Hamerton for
making of a bedde stedde for the Quene
and for certain iron werke therunto be-
longing at Minstre Lovell . . iiij »•

Itin the ix* day of Octobre to Richard Cot-
tone for thuse of the bretherhed of Ifius
gilde at Grantham • iij s. iiij d.

Itin the same day to Thomas Holdeyn for
thexpenses of Fraunceys from Abyndone
to London . . x s.

Itin the same day to Griffith Morgan for

H-2

52 OCTOBER, 1502.

thexpenses of Maistres Anne Say being

sikke at Abyndon . xx d.

Itm delivered to oone that was foteman to my

Lord Prince in aulmous at Abyndon . iij s. iiij d.

Itm the xj* day of Octobre to a servaunt of
Sr John Shaa Knight for brynging twoo
vesselles with Renysshe wyne from Lon-
done to Esthampsted in rewarde . xiij s. iiij d.

Itrn the xiij"1 day of Octobre to my Lady
Gilford for money by hure delivered to
the Queues grace at Ewelme playeng at
dyce .... xiij s. iiij d.

Itm the same day to my Lady Bray for money

by hure delivered to the Quenes grace . xvj s. viij d.

<pr Sma pag. x li.

Itm the same day to Maistres Belknap for a
reward geven to a servant of the Bisshop
of Rouchestre for bringing a present of
grapes to the Queue . . iij s. iiij d.

Itm the same day to Maistres Lee for money
by hure geven in rewarde to a servauut of
my Lord Prince that cam in message to
the Quenes grace vj s. viij d. Also for
money by hure delivered to the Quenes
grace at dice vj s. viij d. Sma . xiij s. iiij d.

Itm to the same Maistres Lee for money by
hure geven in reward to a servant be-
longing to my lady the Kinges moder . vj s. viij d.

Itm the \\jA day of Octobre to my Lady

OCTOBER, 1502. 53

Bray for money by hure geven in re-
warde to a disare that played the Shep-
pert before the Quene . . iij s. iiij d.

Itin the same day to John Staunton thelder

towardes the byeng of an hors . vj s. viij d.

Itin the same day to Henry Roper for his
servauntes costes commyng behiude with
the Quenes stuf of the warderobe of hur
beddes from Ragland to Abyndonby the
space of viij dayesat iiij d. the day . ij s. viij d.

Itin the same day to the Quenes purs at Est-

hamstede . . C s.

Itih the xxiij" day of Octobre to Anne Buk-
nam oon of the Quenes gentilwomen in
rewarde by the Quenes commaundement Ixvj s. viij d.

Itin the xxvu day of Octobre to the Quenes
purs at Richemounte by thandes of
Maistres Brent . . xl s.

Itin the same day to a poure woman that
brought a present of apuls from Howns-
lowe to the Quene to Richemouute . xx d.

Itin the same day to a servaunt of Thabbottes
of Obourne for bringing a present of
woodcokkes to the Quene to Riche-
mounte . . . . iij s. iiij d.

Itin the xxviij* day of Octobre to Robert
Alyn for the Quenes offring on Symond
day and Jude at Westminster v s.

£r Sma pag. xij li. xij s. viij d.

54 NOVEMBER, 1502.

Itin the same day to my Lady Verney for
money by hur payed to Carvenelle for
his costes riding to thePrincesse vs. and
to Robert Ragdale for making and
lynyng of a kirtelle and othere geere ij s. vij s.

Itm the last day of Octobre to William Shaad
for bringing a present of chekyns to the
Quene . . . iij s. iiij d.

Itm the same day to my Lady Bray for
money by hure geven to a poure woman
that brought a present of byrdes to the
Quene . . . iij s. iiij d.

Itm the same day to the Quenes purs by

thandes of my Lady Anne Percy . xl s.

I tin the furst day of Novembre to the chil-
dren of the Kinges chapell in reward . xiij s. iiij d.

Itin for thoffring of the Quene upon the Fest
of Alle Saintes v s. and at hure housell
xx d. Sina . " ; ' . vj s. viij d.

Itin the same day to the Quenes purs at West-
minster by thandes of my Lady Gurden xl s.

Itin the iijde day of Novembre to Elys Hilton
grome of the robys for money by him
payed for six yerdes of sarcenet for tip-
pettes for the Quene at ij s. the yerde
xijjs./ Itin for twoo yerdes dl blake
lynyng that was put betwene the out-
side and the lynyng of the Quenes cloke
at xij d. the yerde ij s. vj d. and for
making the same cloke iij s. iiij d. Sma xvij s. x d.

Itin the same day to the said Elys Hilton for
caryeng certain stuf of the Warderobe
of the beddes by water from Richemounte
to Baynardes Castell . . xiiij d.

NOVEMBER, 1502. 55

Itfn for the Quenes offring at the obyt of the

Kinges Fader holden at Westminster . v s.

£r Sm'pag. vj li. xvij s. viij d.

Itm the iiijth day of Novembre to my Lady
Verney for money by hure payed for
thexpenses of the hors of Margret Yone
from the xiij* day of Juyn anno xvij0 to
the xxv*1 day of Octobre anno xviij0 R%
H. vijmi. that is to wit by the space of
Cxxxv dayes at iiij d. the day xxv s. Itm
to Robynet the Quenes brawderer for
j unce of flatte gold price v s. Itm ij
oncz rounde golde price the ounce iiij s.
iiij d. viij s. viij d. Itin to Rawlennys
wif in reward for bringing a present to
the Quene iij s. iiij d. Sma . xlij s.

Itin the same day to Henry Bryan in partie of
payement of a bille signed with the
Quenes hande conteignyng the sornme of
Cvij li. x s. qa. to him due for certain
silkes and othere stuf of his occupacon
by him delivered to th'use of the Quene
as by the same bille it appereth . xxxij li. vj s.

Itin the same day to Robynet the Quenes
brawderer for his bourde wages and for
the hiere of othere brawderers and for
thaire bourde wages werking upon the
Quenes riche bedde and for certain stuf
bought by the said Robynet as appereth
by a bille signed with thande of the
Quene . . . vj li. xviij s. xj d.

56 NOVEMBER, 1502.

I tin the same day to Richard Cokkes of Lon-
don berebruere for lij barrelles of bere
for the Fryers Observauntes at Grene-
wiche to theim geven by the Quene in
almous for an hole yere ended at Mig-
helmas last past . . vj li. xviij s. viij d.

Itin the Vth day of Novembre to William Bul-
strowde for the Quenes offring to Saint
Edward and the reliques at Westminster vij s. vj d.

|>r Sin3 pag. xlviij li. xiij s. j d.

Itin the same day to Richard Bailly yeoman of
the chambre for his costes going before
and prepayring lodging by the Quenes
commaundement from Langley to Minstre
Lovelle by the space of a day xij d. and
from Minstre Lovelle to Abyndon for
twoo dayes ij s. Sma . . iij s.

Itin the same day to John Hynsted of Lon-
done wex chaundeler for iiij rolles of
white wex cont' iiij Ib. price the Ib.
xvj d. Sma v s. iiij d. and for xij rolles
of yelowe wex of xij Ib. price the Ib. viij d.
viij s. Sin3 tot. . . . xiij s. iiij d.

Itm the vj* day of Novembre to Edmond
Calverd page of the chambre for butter
egges and milke by him bought at divers
tymes for the Quenes use vs. vj d. Itin
to John Bright for money by him layed
out at divers tymes for butter egz and
milke iiij s. and to William Gentilman
for money by him layed out at divers

NOVEMBER, 1502. 57

tymes for butter egz and milke for the

Queues use ij s. viij d. Sm» . xij s. ij d.

Itm the same day to Thabbasse of the Mino-
resse in almous vj s. viij d. Itm to Dame
Kateryne nonne ther iij s. iiij d. Itm to
Dame Elisabeth also nonne of the same
place ij s. Itin to a nonne doughter unto
William Cromer ij s. and to a poure
woman servaunt to the said Abbasse xx d.
Sma • . . . xv s. viij d.

Itin the viij^day of Novembre to the Queues
purs at Westminster by thandes of my
Lady Verney . . . xl s.

Itm the ix* day of Novembre to Maistres
Mary Ratclif for money by hure lent to
the Quenes grace . . xiij li. vj s. viij d.

£r Sma pag. xvij li. x s. x d.

Itm the Xth day of Novembre to my Lady
Bray for Iij barrelles of bere delivered to
the Fryers Observauntes at Canterbury
for an hole yere ended at Cristmas next
commyng . . vj li. xviij s. viij d.

Itm the same day to John Hamerton for the
hyere of a hors to conveye Maistres
Lakyn from Esthampsted to London . xvj d.

Itin the same day to Robert Alyn for his
costes prepayring logging for the Quene
from Langley to Mynystre Lovelle by the
space of oon day xij d. Itm to the same
Robert for his costes from Minstre Lovell

58 NOVEMBER, 1502.

to Abyndon by the space of twoo dayes
at xij d. the day ij s. Itin to the same
Robert for his costes from Riehemount
to Westminster by the space of twoo
dayes ij s. Itin to Edmond Bourton
yeoman of the chambre for his costes by
the space of v dayes at xij d. the day vs.
Itm to William Hamerton yeoman for ij
dayes ij s. Itin to George Hamerton
grome porter for v dayes at x d. the day
iiij s. ij d. Itin to William Pole grome
for iij dayes ij s. vj d. Itin to John
Duflyn grome for ij dayes xx d. Itin to
John Brown grome for ij dayes xx d.
Itin to John Bright page for five dayes
at viij d. the day iij s. iiij d. and to Henry
Roper page for ij dayes at viij d. the day
xvj d. Sin* . . . xxvj s. viij d.

Itin the same day to Robert Alyn for a sheffe
and an half of brode arrowes at ij d. the
arrowe vj s. and for a sheeff of brode
heddes at ij d. the hedde iiij s. Sma . x s.

£' Sm" pag. viij li. xvj s. viij d.

Itni the xj* day of Novembre to William
Pole grome of the chambre for his costes
going from Windesore to London with
venyson for William Bulstrowde by the
commaundement of the Quenes grace by
the space of twoo dayes at x d. the day

NOVEMBER, 1502. 59

xx d. Itin an othere tyme for conveyeng
of venyson from Windesore forsaid to
London to the said William Bulstrowde
by the space of twoo dayes xx d. Itin
for the hyere«of an hors to cary the said
venyson by the space of iiij dayes at iiij d.
the day xvj d. Itin for his costes going
for M. Lynch from M. Reeds place to
Oxonford x d. and for his costes riding
from Langley to the Lady Marques into
Lincolnshire by the space of v dayes at
x d. the day iiij s. ij d. Sm* . ix s. viij d.

Itin the same day to Thomas Holden and
John Felde for theire costes way ting upon
the Quenes joyelles from Langley to
Minstre Lovelle from Minstre Lovelle to
Abyndon from Abyndon to Ewelme from
Ewelme to Henley upon Thamys from
Henley to Esthampsted from Esthamp-
sted to Windesore from Windesore to
Richemount and from Richemount to
Westminster by the space of viij dayes
eithere of theim at vj d. the day . viij s.

Itin the same day to Thomas Woodnot for the
expenses of the Quenes greyhoundes for
the monethes of July August and Sep-
tembre that is to wit for iiij" xij dayes at
ij d. the day . . . xv s. iiij d.

Itin the xij* day of Novembre to Doctoure
Undrewood the Quenes confessoure for
money by him dault in aulmous in Lon-
don by the Quenes commaundement . xx s.

<pr Sm* pag. Iiij s.
72

60 NOVEMBER, 1502.

Itm the same day to Thomas Woodnote and
John Felde gromes of the Queues cham-
bre for thaire costes way ting upon the
Quenes joyelles from Barkeley to Bever-
stone from Beverstone to Cootes Place
from Cootes Place to Fayreford and from
Fayreford to Langley by the space of iiij
dayes eithere of theim at vj d. the day
iiij s. Itm to the same Thomas Wood-
note for his costes riding from Langley to
London by the Quenes commaundement
and from London to Langley again by
the space of v dayes at x d. the day iiij s.
ij d. and for caryeng of certain stuf from
Londone to Langley xvj d. Sin* . ix s. vj d.

Itm the same day to Jamys Gentylle and
Thomas Hynde mercers of London in
partie of payement of a bille signed with
thande of the Quenes grace conteignyng
Cxxix li. xvj s. vj d. to theim due for
certain stuf of thaire occupacon by theim
delivered to th'use of the Quene . xlvj li.

Itm xiij* day of Novembre to Lewes Waltier
for conveyeng the Quene in hure barge
with xxa rowers from Richemounte to
Westminster the xxvij day of Octobre
every rower taking viij d. xiij s. iiij d. and
the maistre xvj d. Itm the same day a
grete bote conveyeng the ladyes and gen-
tilwomen from Richemount forsaid to
Westminster with x rowers at viij d. the
rower vj s. viij d. and the maister xvj d.
Itm the rewarde of the bote xij d. Itm
to the said Lewes for conveyeng the

•

NOVEMBER, 1502. fi

Princesse in the Queues barge with xvj
rowers from the Bisshop of Duresme
Place to Westminster and from West-
minster again the vj* day of Novembre
every rowere taking iiij d. Sin8 v s. iiij d.
and the maister xvj d. Sin8 tot. . xxx s. iiij d.

pr Sma pag. xlvij li. xixs. x d.

Itm the same day to Sr Richard Lewes Knight
for a cheyne of golde with vij knottes
wayeng vij onz dl and dl quarter price
the onz xxvj s. viij d. Sin* . x li iij s. iiij d.

Itm the same day to William Wurthy other-
wise called Phip for the bourde of Wil-
liam the Quenes fole for iiij monethes
ended the last day of Octobre that is to
wit from the furst day of July unto the
last day of Octobre at ij s. the moneth viij s.

Itm to the same William Wurthy for a payre
of hosyn by him bought for the said Foole
x d. Itm for a payre of shoys vij d.
Itm for cloughting the same shoys iij d.
and for a payre of sokkes for the same
fole ij d. Sma . . . xxij d.

Itm to the same William Wurthy for a quarter

wages ended at Mighelmas last past . vj s. viij d.

Itin the same day to Anthony Spynelle for vij

onz of golde of Venys at iiij s. the onz xxviij s.

Itin the same day to Maistres Brent for
money by hure payed for xxvij" elles dl

62 NOVEMBER, 1502.

of fyne lynon cloth by hure bought for
the Quenes use of oon Hans Merschet
at iij s. viij d. the elle . C s. x d.

I tin the same day to Hamlet Clegge for
money by him layed out by the Quenes
commaundement to the keper of Dachet
Ferrey in rewarde for conveyeng the
Quenes grace over Thamys there . iij s iiij d.

Itin the same day to the Quenes purs by

thandes of Maistres Brent . xl s.

Itiri the xiiij* day of Novembre to M. Xpofre
Plonaer for money by him dault in
aulmous by the Quenes commaundement
at divers tymes betwene Berkeley and
London . . . xx s. iiij d.

Itin the same day to Richard Mylner of Bynd-
feld for bringing a present of fesauntes
cokkes to the Quene to Westminster . v s.

,pr Sma pag. xx li. xvij s. iiij d.

Itiri the same day to Maistres Harrecourte for
hure costes whiche camme to the Quenes
grace to Westminster to have been hure
norice by the labor of Dame Kateryn
Grey . . . . vj s. viij d.

Itfh the same day to Thomas Acwurth for

thexpenses of the Quenes stable Cxxxviij li. xiij s. ix d.q*.

Itin the xvth day of Novembre to Dame Mar-
gret Cotton for the diettes of my Lord
Henry Courteney my Lord Edward and

NOVEMBER, 1502. (J3

my Lady Margret their suster twoo
women servauntes and a grome from the
last day of May unto the xiij* day of
July that is to wit for vj wekes at xiij s.
iiij d. the weke . . . iijj ft.

Itm to the same Dame Margret Cotton for
the diettes of my Lord Henry Courteney
and my Lady Margret his suster twoo
women servauntes and a grome from the
xiij* day of July unto the i)*8 day of
Novembre that is to wit for xvj wekes at
ix s. the weke . . . vij li.

Itm the same day to Sr Raaf Verney Knight
for money by him geven in rewarde to
a man that brought a buk to the Queue
to Langley . . xx d.

Itm the same day to Laurance Travice for
his costes going upon certain messages at
divers tymes for the Lord Henry Cour-
teney and the Lady Margret his suster
from Havering to London and to the
Courte xvj d. and to the same Laurance
for an axe by him bought x d. SnV . ij s. ij d.

Itm the xvjth day of Novembre to Maulde
Hainond for keping of hur childe geven
to the Quene for half a yere ended at
Mighelmas last past . viij s.

Itin the same day to the Quenes purs by the

handes of Richard Justice . . xl s.

p Sm8 pag. C lij li. xvj s. iij d.

64 NOVEMBER, 1502.

Itin the xvijth day of Novembre to Lybart
goldsmyth for contentacon of a bille
signed with thande of the Queue for
certain parcelles of stuf of his occupacon
by him delivered to the Quenes grace
as appereth by the same bill . xix li. vij s. j d.

Itfii the same day to Agnes Dean the Quenes
launder for hure horsmete from Berkeley
Herons to Windesore by the space of xl
dayes at iiij d. the daye . . xiij s. iiij d.

Itin the xxiiju day of Novembre to Henry
Wurley of London goldsmyth in partie
of payement of a warrant and billes signed
with thandes of the Quenes grace con-
teignyng the somme of CC x li. xix s.
viij d. due unto him for certain stuf of
his occupacon by him delivered to th'use
of the Quenes said grace . . Ix li.

Itin the same day to Thomas Goodriche of
London mercer for thre score yerdes of
blewe velvet at x s. vj d. the yerd by
him delivered to the Quenes use . xxxj li. x s.

Itin the same day to a servaunt of Sr Gil-
bertes Talbottes in rewarde for bringing
a wylde bore to the Quene . x s.

Itin the same day to William Shadde in re-
warde for bringing a present of trypes to
the Quene to Baynardes Castell . iij s. iiij d.

Itin to a servaunt of Maistres Davys in rewarde
for bringing a present of podynges and
chynes of porke to the Quene to Bay-
nardes Castelle . . . ij s.

Itin the xxiiiju day of Novembre to the Dean
of the Kinges Chapejl for thoffringes of

NOVEMBER, 1502. 65

the Quene upon the Feestes of Mary
Magdalene Saint James Saint Anne
Saint Lawrance Thassumpcon of our
Lady Saint Bartholomewe the Nativite
of our Lady Thexaltacon of the Holy
Crosse Saint Mathewe Saint Mighell
Saint Edward and Saint Luke that is to
wit for every of the said Feestes v s. Sin* Ix 2.

£' Sma pag. Cxv li. v s. ix d.

Itih the same day to John Warreyn for
making of a trussing bedde seler testere
and couutrepoynt of crymsyn velvet and
blewe paned and for making of the cur-
teyns of dammaske crymsyn and blewe
paned according to the same xxx s.
iiij d. Itin for fynne lyere of red thred
xx d. and for grete rynges to the same
curteyns xvj d. Sma . . xxxiij s. iiij d.

Itin to the same John Warreyn of London
bedmaker for making of a pyle cloth
of lynen cloth vj yerdes long and ij
yerdes brode and curteyns according to
the same x s. Itm for lyere of fynne
pakthred to the same xij d. Itin for
lyere of fynne white thred for the cur-
teyns of the same pyle cloth iiij d. Itin
for xl latyn rynges to the same curteyns
iiij d. Itin for iiij lb. dl of white frynge
of white thred at xvj d. the lb. vj s. Itin
K

(>(> NOVEMBER, 1502.

for making a cloth of estate of crimsyn
riche cloth of tissue iiij yerdes depe and
iij yerdes brode the seler ij yerdes dl and
the quarter long the valance j quarter dl
depe according to the same xxvj s. viij d.
and for fynne Iyer of red thred to the
same ij s. Sfna . . . xlvj s. iiij d.

Itiri the same day to John Vandelf and
Alexandre Hove goldsmythes in fulle
conteutacon and payement of a bill
signed with thande of the Quenes grace
for certain parcelles of stuf of thaire
occupacon by theim delivered to the
Quenes said grace against the mariage
of my Lord Prince decessed as it ap-
pereth by the same bille . . xlvij li.

Itm the xxvu day of Novembre to Thomas
Humberston hosyer for the cloth and
making of vij payere sokkes for the
Quenes grace at vj d. the payere . iij s. vj d.

4>z Sin* pag. Ij li. iij s. ij d.

Itm the same day for thre yerdes of blake
sattyn geven to John Myklowe clerc of
comptrolment of the Kinges houshold
by the Quenes grace at vj s. viij d. the
yerd . . . .^v , xx s.

I tin the same day to John Duffyn for his
costes ryding from Berkeley Herons to
Pevesham and Blakemore to the Lord

NOVEMBER, 1502. 67

Saintmond from thens to the parke of
Cosham from Cosham to the Devyes
from thens to the forest of Savernake to
Sr John Seymer for bukkes for the Kinges
grace and from thens to Fayreford by the
space of viij dayes at x d. the daye . vi s. viij d.

Itin to the same John for his costes ryding
from Langley to Savernake for certain
bukkes left behynde by the space of iiij
dayes at x d. the day . . iij s. iiij d.

Itin the same day to William Boterey of
London mercer in partye of payement
of a bille signed with the hande of the
Quenes grace conteignying the somme of
vij" poundes vj d. for certain silkes by
him delivered to the Quenes said grace
as by the same bille it appereth . xl li.

Itin the same day to Maister Payne the
Quenes aulmoigner for money by him
dault in almous from Langley to Berke-
ley Herons xvij s. viij d. Itin to an
ancoresse at Gloucestre xx d. Itin for
thoff'ring of the Queue to the Roode
beyond Gloucestre xij d. and to a fote-
man for money by him leyed out by the
Quenes commaundement xij d. Sma . xxj s. iiij d.

Itin the same day to my Lady Bray for
money by hure geven in reward to a
chapellain of the Bisshop of Murreys
xl s. and to a poure rnau that was
somtyme servaunt to King Edward in
almous vj s. viij d. Sin' . xlvj s. viij il.

£* Sin* pag. xliiij li. xviij s. iij d.

AT2

68 NOVEMBER, 1502.

Itin the xxvju day of Novembre to Richard
Justice page of the robys for his costes
going from Westminster to London in
the nyght for a gowne of blewe velvet
for the Quene and for his bote hyere
viij d. Itm for conveyeng alle the
Quenes lyned govvnys from Westminster
to London by water and for mens
labour that bare the same gownys to
the water and from the water v d. Itin
for bringing the Quenes furred gownys
from London to Westminster and for
mens labours that bare the same to and
from the water v d. Itm for his costes
from Westminster to London to take
the remaynes of suche stuf as remaineth
there iiij d. Itm for going from West-
minster to London for vij yerdes quarter
di of blake damaske and for a frontlet
of golde for the Quene iiij d. and for
making a newe key to a grete standard
being in the warderobe of the robys and
for mending of boeth lokkes to the same
vj d. Srha . > if' . ij s. viij d.

Itm the same day to Henry Bryan for xvij
yerdes of blake velvet for a gowne for
the Quene at x s. vj d. the yerde viij li.
xviij s. vj d. Itin for xiij yerdes of blake
Batten delivered to Johnson for a riding
gowne for the Quene at ix s. the yerde
C xvij s. Itin for a yerde di quarter of
blake velvet for an edge and cuffes for
the same gowne at xj s. vj d. the yerde
xiij s. Itin for vij yerdes di of blake

NOVEMBER, 1502. Qg

bokeram for lynyng of the same gowne
at ix d. the yerd v s. vij d. ob. Itin for
a nayle of sarcenet for fentes for the
same gowne iiij d. and for an elle
quarter of canvas for lynyng of the
same gowne vj d. Sma . xv li. xiiij s. xj d. ob.

<pr Sin* pag. xv li. xvij s. vij d. ob.

Itin the same day to a Frenche woman in
rewarde that came to the Queue to
Baynardes Castelle to have been hure
norice . . . vj s. viij d.

Itin the xxviju day of Novembre to Robert
Machene taillour for making of the
covering of a lytter of blewe velvet
lyned with sarcenet and bordered with
sattyn fygure that was geven to a lady of
Spayne vj s. viij d. Itin for making of
iiij quysshens of blewe dammaske for the
same lytter ij s. Itin for making of a
gowne of sattyn fygure lyned with yelowe
sattyn of Bruges for the grete Flemyng
called Anne v s. Itin for making of twoo
dublettes of tawny dammaske for the
quenes fotemen at Warwike iiij s. Itin
for making of twoo gownes of tawny for
the same fotemen ij s. Itin for making
of twoo dublettes of yelowe sattyn of
Bruges for the said fotemen iij s. iiij d.
Itin for making of a gowne of blake

70 NOVEMBER, 1502.

dammaske lyned with sarcenet for the
yong Lord Henry Courteney ij s. Itm
for making of a gowne of tawny medley
bordred with sarcenet for the same Lord
xij d. Itin for making of a cote of
murrey chainlet for the same Lord ij s.
Itin for making of a peticote for the
same Lord vj d. Itin for making of a
cote of murrey chamlet for my Lord his
broder and a cote of blakc dammaske
iiij s. Itin for making of a peticote for
the same Lord vj d. and for making of
twoo gownys for the forsaid fotemen at
London ij s. Sin* . . xxxv s.

Itih the xxviij" day of Novembre to Nicholas
Mathewe yeoman of the Quencs chambre
in reward towardes his charges whan he
was hurte by the servauntes of Sr William
Sandes . . . xxvjs. viijd.

Itin the same day to my Lady Anne Percy
for xiij elles iij quarter di of fyne lynon
cloth by hure bought for the Queues
use at iij s. viij d. the elle . . 1 s. x d. ob.

pr Sin* pag. Cxix s. ij d. ob.

Itin the same day to Robert Alyn for his
costes prepayring logging for the Quene
from Westminster to Grenewiche by
the space of twoo dayes at xij d. the
daye ij s. Itm to Thomas Holden yeo-

NOVEMBER, j 502. 7t

man for twoo dayes ij s. to John Duffy n
grome for twoo dayes at x d. the day
xx d. Itin to George Hamerton grome
porter for oon day x d. Itin to Henry
Roper page of the Queues beddes for
ij dayes at viij d. the day xvj d. and to
Edmond Calverd page for oon day viij d.
Itin to the said Robert Alyn for his
costes prepayring logging for the Queue
from Grenewiche to Baynardes Castelle
by the space of a day xij d. Itin to
George Hamerton grome porter for oon
day xd. Itin to Edmond Calverd page
for oon day viij d. and to the said Robert
Alyn for a lokke by him bought at Bay-
nardes Castelle vij d. Sma . . xj s. vij d.
Itin the same day to Arnolde Chollerton
yeoman huisshere of the Queues Cham-
bre for his costes prepayring logging for
the Quene for Abyndon to Ewelme by
the space of a day xij d. Itin to Edmond
Burton yeoman for oon day xij d. Itin
to John Duffyn grome for oone day xd.
Itin to Henry Roper page for oon day
viij d. Itin to John Bright page for
oon day viij d. Itin to the same Arnold
for his costes prepayring logging for the
Quene from Ewelme to Henley for oon
day xij d. It to Edmond Burton
yeoman for a day xij d. Itin to George
Hamerton grome porter for oon day
x d. Itin to John Duffyn grome for a
day x d. Itin to Henry Roper page for
oon day viij d. Itin to John Bright

72 NOVEMBER, 1502.

page for a day viij d. I tin to the said
Arnold for prepayring logging for the
Quene from Henley to Esthampsted for
a day xij d. Itin to Edmond Burton
yeoman for oon day xij d. Itin to
George Hamerton grome porter for a
day x d. It to John Duffyn grome
for a day x d. Itin to Henry Roper
page for oon daye viij d. and to John
Bright page for a day viij d. Sin* . xiij s. ij d.

|>r Sm* pag. xxv s. ix d.

Itm the last day of Novembre to the said
Arnolde Chollerton for his costes pre-
payring logging for the Quene from Est-
hampsted to Windesore by the space of
twoo dayes at xij d. the day ij s. Itin to
Edmond Burton yeoman for twoo dayes
ij s. Itm to John Duffyn grome for twoo
dayes at x d. the day xx d. Itm to Henry
Roper page for twoo dayes at viij d. the
day xvj d. and to John Bright page for
twoo dayes xvj d. Itin to the same Ar-
nolde for his costes prepayring logging
for the Quene from Windesore to Riche-
mount for twoo dayes ij s. Itm to
Edmund Burton yeoman for twoo dayes
ij s. Itin to John Duffyn grome for ij
dayes xxd. Itm to Henry Roper page
of the beddes for twoo dayes xvj d. and

NOVEMBER, 1502. 73

to John Bright page for twoo dayes
xvj d. Sina . . xvj s. viij d.

Itiii the same day to Lewes Waltier barge-
man for conveying the Queue and hure
Ladys in hure barge and grete bote with
xxiij rowers the xiiij* day of Novembre
from Westminstre to Grenewiche every
rower taking viij d. sma xv s. iiij d. and
the maister xvj d. Itin the rewarde of
the barge and grete bote above the
brigge ij s. Itin to the same Lewes for
conveyeng the Queue in hure barge the
xixth day of Novembre from Grenewiche
to Baynardes Castelle with xxli rowers
every rower taking viij d. xiij s. iiij d.
and the maister xvj d. Itin to the said
Lewes for conveyeng the Queues grace
the xxvj" day of Novembre from Bay-
nardes Castell to Westminstre in hure
barge with xvj rowers every rower taking
iiij d. v s. iiij d. the maister xvj d. Itiii
for conveyeng the Quenes Gentilwomen
and hur servauntes in a grete bote from
Baynardes Castelle to Westminster with
vj rowers every rower taking iiij d. ij s.
and the maister of the bote viij d. Itin
the rewarde of the same bote xij d. Sma xliij s. viij d.

,pr Sma pag. lx s. iiij d.

74 DECEMBER, 1502.

Itm the same day to Pache in rewarde for
bringing a present of poyngarnettes and
apulles to the Quene . . iij 1. iiij d.

Itm delivered to George Hamerton grome
porter for money by him payed by the
Quenes commaundement at Baynardes
Castell for twoo quartred bourdes with
vysys at vj s. the pece . . xij s.

Itm the same day to John Browne for his
costes wayting upon the Quenes plate
from Woodstok to Langley for oon day
x d. Itm to the same John for his costes
going before from Woodstok to Abyndon
with stuf of the Warderobe and making
herbigage there by the space of iiij dayes
at x d. the day iij s. iiij d. and to the same
John for his costes going before with the
same stuf from Abyndon to Windesore
by the space of iij dayes at x d. the day
ij s. vj d. Sma . . . vj s. viij d.

Itin the furst day of Decembre to Richard
Smyth yeoman of the Quenes robya for
Cv yerdes dt of cloth at iiij s. iiij d. the
yerde whiche was geven to divers per-
sonnes by the Quenes commaundement
in the yere last passed as in the boke of
the Warderobe it appereth . . xxij li. xv s.

Itin to the same Richard Smyth for Cxj
yerdes of cloth for xxxvij poure women
for the Quenes Maundye in the yere
last passed every woman iij yerdes at
ij s. viij d. the yerd xiiij li. xvj s. and
for iij yerdes di of cloth delivered by
the commaundement of the Quene to a

DECEMBER, 1502. 75

woman that was norice to the Prince
brothere to the Qnenes grace and iij
yerdes to the suster of Sr Rogier Cotton
at ij s. viij d. xvij s. iiij d. Sin* xvli. xiij s. iiij d.

Itm to the same Richard Smyth for viij yerdes
iij quarter of blake velvet price the yerd
xs. Sma . . iiij li. vijs. vj d.

£r Sma pag. xliij li. xvij s. x d.

Itm to the said Richard Smyth for certain
money by him leyed out by the com-
maundement of the Quene aswele for
apparelling of the fotemen as for divers
othere necessaryes as by a bill signed
with thande of the Quenes grace and
registred in the boke of the Warderobe
more plainly appereth . xj li. ijs. iijd.

Itih to the same Richard Smyth for certain
money by him payed for certain cloth
silkes brusshis and othere necessaries by
him bought by the commaundement of
the Quene as by a bill signed with
thande of hure grace and registred in
the boke of the Warderobe more plainly
appereth *iijli.

Itin the ij46 day of Decembre to dame Mar-
grette Cotton for money by hure payed
for hosyn shoys laces sope and othere
necessaryes for the lordes Henry Cour-
L 2

76 DECEMBER, 1502.

teney Edward and the lady Margret

their suste re . . xxxvij s. vjd.

Itfii to the same dame Margrette Cotton for
the dyettes of Edward Pallet for half a
yere ended at the Feest of Thassumpcon
of our lady last past xx s. Itm for iiij
yerdes of fustyan for a cote for the same
Edward at vij d. ob. the yerde ij s. vj d.
Itm for making of the same cote viij d.
Itm for twoo shirtes for the same Edward
xvij d. Itm for iiij payre of shoys xvj
Itm for iiij payre hose at iij d. the payre
xij d. and for the scole hyer of the same
Edward by the space of iij quarters of a
yere every quarter viij d. ij s Sma . xxviij s. xj d.

Itm to the same dame Margrette Cotton for
the diettes of my Lord Henry Courteney
and my Lady Margret his sustere twoo
women servauntes and a grome from the
ijde day of Novembre unto the last day
of the same moneth that is to wit for iiij
wekes at ix s. the weke }'•** . xxxvj s.

,pr Sma pag. xxv ti. iij s.

Itm the iijde day of Decembre to the Quenes

purs at Westminstre . . xl s.

Itm payed to John Heron for th'use of the
Kinges grace assigned upon the Quenes
landes this yere . CCCxxxiij li. vj s. viij d.

Itm to the Bisshop of the Kinges Chappelle

on Saint Nicholas even at Westminster xl s.

DECEMBER, 1502. 77

I tin for thoffring of the Quene on Saint

Nicholas Day . . .vs.

Itin for thoffring of the Quene upon Saint

Andrewes day . . .vs.

Itiii the vy* day of Decembre to Maistres
Cheyne for candelstykkes cuppebourde
clothes and othere necessaryes by hure
bought for the chambre of the Lord
Henry Courteney and the Lady Mar-
gret his suster . • vjs. viijd.

Itin the same day to John Staunton the
yonger for money by him layed out for
horsemete and for thexpenses of certain
personnes that brought the Lord Henry
Courteney and the Lady Margret his
suster from Sr John Hosys place in
Essex unto London v s. vj d. and to the
same John for his costes by space of
twoo dayes at x d. the day xx d. SnY . vij s. ij d.

Itin the viij* day of Decembre to John Staun-
ton thelder for money by him lent to the
Quene at Westminstre . • xvs. iiijd.

Itin for thoffring of the Quene to oure Lady
of Pyewe upon thevyn of the Concepcon
of our Lady • VJ~S- viiJ d'

Itin for thoffring of the Quene upon the day

of the Concepcon of oure Lady
ItintothebretherhedofSaintUrselainLondon iijs. iiijd.

Itih the ix* day of Decembre to Henry Langton

olde servaunt of King Edwardes . iij s. mj d.

SnY pag. CCCxlli. iiij s. ij d.

78 DECEMBER, 1502.

Itm the same day to Robert Machene taillour
for making of iiij coots of white and
grene sarcenet for iiij of the Kinges
mynstrelles against the dysguysing in
the yere last passed at ij s. the cote viij s.
Itm for making of iiij cootes of white
and grene sarcenet for iiij of the Kinges
trumpettes at ij s. the cote viijs. And
for making of thre cotes of sarcenet for
iij mynstrelles oon of my Lord Princes
an othere of my Lord of Yorkes and the
iijde of the Duk of Bukkingham at ij s.
the cote vjs. Srria . . xxijs.

Itui to a man of Poynfreyt sayeng himself to
lodge in his house Therl Ryvers in tyme
of his deth in almous . . xij d.

Itm delivered to Brice yeoman cooke for the
Quenes mouth for chekyns and larkes
by him bought for the Quene against
hure comyng to Baynardes Castelle and
soo to the Towre . . ij s. viij d.

Itm the xiij"1 day of Decembre to the Quenes
purs at the Towre by thandes of my Lady
Anne Percy . . . Iiij s. iiij d.

Itm the same day to my Lady Anne Percy
for money by hure payed for xxvj elles
of lynon cloth at xviij d. the elle . xxxix s.

Itm for thoffring of the Quene to oure Lady
of Pyewe at hure departing from West-
minstre to the Towre . . vj s. viij d.

Itrn to a monke that brought our Lady

gyrdelle to the Quene in rewarde . vj s. viij d.

Itm to the gromes and pages of the Quenes

chambre in reward against Cristmas . xx fi.

DECEMBER, 1502. 79

I tin to Lawrance Travice for cariage of cer-
tain stuf belonging to the Lord Henry
Courteney and the Lady Margret his
suster from Havering at Bower to London ij. s. viij d.

j)r Sma pag. xx vj li. xiiij s.

Itm to my Lady Anne in fulle contentacon
of x markes due unto hure for a yere
ended at Mighelmas last passed

Itm the XVth day of Decembre to John Rey-
nolde for money by him payed to a man
that broke a yong hors of the Quenes at
Mortymer by the space of v wekes every
weke ij s. sma x s. Itin for marking of the
Quenes coltes at Havering xij d. Itin for
the marking of the Quenes coltes at Fod-
ringhey xij d. Itin for dryving of the
yong horses from Havering to Mortymer
by the space of v dayes and for a mans
costes with his hors by the same space
at x d. the day iiij s. ij d. Itin for
dryving of vj yong horses to Mortymer
for twoo tymes bayting and oon nyght
xij d. Itm to the said John and Parker
for thexpenses of thaire twoo horses ij
dayes and oon nyght x d. Itm for
shoing of the same twoo horses ij d.
Itin for casting of a donge hille at the
Quenes stable at Ham ij s. Sma . xx s. ij d.

Itm the same day for brede and ale at Bay-
nardes Castell at the Quenes departing

80 DECEMBER, 1502.

from Westminstre to the Towre xij d.

and for faggottes iiij d. Sin* . xvj d.

Itin the xvij01 day of Decembre to William
Lewes gentilman of Thewry for a lokke
by him bought and sette upon Thewry
doore at Baynardes Castell . iiij d.

Itin the same day to Sr John Grigge for
money by him payed to certain brikke-
leyers labourers and carpinters for thaire
wages and for brikke lyme sande and
naylles by him bought at divers tymes
for the reparacon of Baynardes Castell
as appereth by a bille signed with thande
of the Queue . . vj ti. vij s. vj d.

Itin the same day to the Quenes purs by the

handes of my Lady Elisabeth Stafford . xl s.

j?r Sina pag. ix li. ix s. iiij d.

Itin the xvijth day of Decembre to James
Nataresse for his costes ryding from
Westminstre to Newbury for Jaques
Hault by the Quenes commaundement
by the space of iiij dayes at xij d. the daye iiij s.

Itin the xix* day of Decembre to Cristofre
Ascue for Ixxvj elles di of lynnyn cloth
at ix d. the elle Ivij s. iiij d. ob. and for
Ixxiij elles iiij quarter of lynnyn cloth at
viij d. the elle xlix s. ij d. for bering

DECEMBER, 1502. 81

shetes trussing sheetes and sheetes for the
stoele a presse sheete oon payre of fote
sheetes and for shyrtes for the fotemen
and the Quenes Foele , Cvj s. vj d. ob.

Itin the same day to William Fowler of Lon-
don dyer for dyeng of CClxxij yerdes of
wardemole blewe and murrey for the
Quenes barge at iij d. the yerd . Ixvj s.

Itm the same day to William Hamerton yeo-
man of the Quenes beddes for money by
him layed out at divers tymes by the
Quenes commaundement as by a bille
signed with thande of hur grace more
largely appereth . . . Ij s. viij d.

Itin the xxiij" day of Decembre to a servaunt
of Sr John Seymours in rewarde for
bringing of fyve does to the Quene at
Richemount J|- . . vj s. viij d.

Itm the xxiiija day of Decembre to Thomas
Barton and Richard Chollerton the
Quenes fotemen for thaire dryeng money
iourneyeng with the Quenes said grace
for a yere ended at Cristmas last past . xij s. iiij d.

Itm the same day for iiij bonne ttes for the

Quenes said fotemen . v s.

Itm for thoffring of the Quene to the roode
at the north doore of Polles iij s. viij d.
and to our Lady of grace there iij s.
viij d. Sm». . • viJ s- "U d-

,pr Sma pag. xij li. xix s. vj d. ob.

82 DECEMBER, 1502.

Itin the xxv" day of Decembre to Robynet
the Queues brawderer for money by him
payed to certain personnes werking upon
the riche bedde aswele for theire wages
as for thaire bourde wages, Furst to oon
Anthony for xlj dayes ended at Cristmas
at iiij d. the day xiij s. viij d. Itin to
the same Anthony for his bourde wages
by the space of vij wekes and iij dayes at
xvj d. the weke x s. Itih to oon William
for xlj dayes at iiij d. the day
xiij s. viij d. I tin to the same William
for his bourde wages by the space of vij
wekes and iij dayes at xvj d. the weke
x s. Itin to oon James for his

wages by the space of vij wekes and iij
dayes at xvj d. the weke x s. Itin the
same James for his bourde wages by the
said space x s. Itin to oon Jofine
for hur wages by the space of v wekes at
xvj d. the weke vj s. viij d. Itin to the
same Jomie for hure bourde wages by
the said space of v wekes vj s. viij d.
Itin to Margrette Stokes for hure wages
by the space of twoo wekes and hure
bourde wages v s. iiij d. Itin to Jofine
Pote for hur wages and bourde wages
by the space of twoo wekes v s. iiij d.
Itin to John Bolok for vj dayes werke
upon the awter clothes ij s. and for his
bourde wages by the same space xvj d.
Itin to the said Robynet for hys bourde
wages by the space of vij wekes and iij
dayes at xvj d. the weke x s. Itin for

DECEMBER, 1502. 83

candelles by the space of vij weks and iij
dayes v s. Itin for searing candelles for
the awter clothys ij d. Itin for blake
crewle to purfulle the rosys vj d. Itin
for searing candelles for the white and
red rosys and clowdes v d. Itin for colys
for the wurkers by the space of vij wekes
ij s. and for tawny thred for to leye the
werke upon thegge of red sattyn iiij d.
Sma tot. . . . C xiij s. j d.

<pr Sin" pag. Cxiij s. j d.

Itin to Cornishe for setting of a carralle upon

Cristmas day in reward . . xiij s. iiij d.

Itin to a servaunt of my Lord the Kinges
Chambrelain for bringing vj does to the
Quene to Richemount . . vj s. viij d.

Itin for thoffering of the Quene upon Crist-
mas day v s. and for hure howselle the
same day xx d. Sma . vj s. viij d.

Itin to the children of the Kinges Chapelle in
rewarde to theim geven upon Cristmas
day xiij s. iiij d. - xiiJ ~s- "U d'

Itrn for thoffring of the Quene upon the
Festes of Saint Stephen Saint John
Childremas day and Saint Thomas in
Cristmas weke

Itin delivered to Doctour Uttoune for the
Queries offringes to Saint Thomas at
Canterbury iij s. iiij d. to our Lady of

84 DECEMBER, 1502.

Undrecroft there iij s. iiij d. to Saint
Adrean ij s. vj d. and to Saint Augustyn
ij s. vj d. Sin*. . . xj s. viij d.

Itm to the Quenes grace upon the Feest of
Saint Stephen for hure disporte at cardes
this Cristmas . . . C s.

Itm to Richard Weston for certain harnesses
of gyrdelles by him bought for the
Quene beyond the see . . iiij li. x s.

Itm to George Colbronde for twoo galons of
Rynysshe wyne by him bought for the
Quene twoo wycre bottelles and for his
costes by the space of a day going for
the said wyne . . .iij s.

Itm to my Lady Verney for money by hure
geven in reward by the Quenes com-
maundement to Victour Courteney late
page of the Quenes ehambre . vj s. viij d.

I tin to the keper of the parke of Odiham for
bringing of ten does to the Quene to
Richemounte on newe yeres even last
passed . . . x s.

Itm for thoffring of the Quene on Saint

Thomas day before Cristmas : '% '. v s.

,pr Sma pag. xiiij li. vj s. iiij d.

JANUARY, 1503. 85

I tin to Lewis Waltier bargeman conveyeng
the Queries grace in hure barge the xij01
day of Decembre from Westminster to
the Towre with xviij rowers every rower
taking vj d. ix s. Itin to the maister
xvj d. Itin the rewarde of the barge
beneth the brigge xvj d. Itm to the
same Lewes conveyeng the Quenes grace
in hur barge the xxj day of Decembre
with xxiij" rowers from the Towre to
Mortelake every rower taking viij d. xv s.
iiij d. and the maister xvj d. Itm the
rewarde of the barge beneth the brigge
xvj d. and to the said Lewes and rowers
for a reward to theim geven by the
Quenes grace vj s. viij d. Sin8 . xxxvj s. iiij d.

Itin to the Quenes grace for money to bee

dault in almous upon newe yeres evyn Ix s.

Itin for the Quenes offring on Newe Yeres

day . . .vs.

Itin the ijde day of January to Rutte the
Quenes cordener for shoys and buskyns
by him delivered to the Quenes use from
the xviij111 day of Fevere anno xvij° unto
the xij01 day of Decembre anno xviij0 as
herafter followeth. Furst for xij payre
of single soled shoes with latyn bucles
at xij d. the payre xij s. Itin for xxxvij
payre shoes for xxxvij" poure women at
the Quenes Maundy at v d. the payre
xv s. v d. Itin for xx" payre shoys for
the Quenes fotemen at hure departing
into Walys at vj d. the payre x s. Itin
for vj payre of dobled soled shoys with

86 JANUARY, 1503.

kitten bukcles for the Queues awn use at
xij d. the payre vj s. I tin for twoo payre
of buskins for the Queues grace at hure
departing unto Walys at iiij s. the payre
viij s. Itm for a payre of buskins for
the Duchesse of Suffolk iiij s. Itm for
xij payre of shoys for the Quenes fote-
men at vj d. the payre vj s. and for twoo
payre of buskins for the Quenes awne
use against Cristmas at iiij s. the payre
viij s. Sma . . . Ixix s. v d.

,pr Sin" pag. viij li. x s. ix d.

Itm the same day to a servant of Therl of
Devon in rewarde by the Quenes com-
maundement . . . vj s. viij d.

Itm the same day for the cariage of xj does
from the grete parke of Paste rn to Lon-
don . pifan o£t < • XVJ ^*

Itin the same day to a servaunt of John Wal-
lers in reward for bringing a goshawke to
the Quene . f*. ;'»^ x s.

Itin to the Quene of Scottes mynstrelles in

reward by the Quenes commaundement x s.

Itm the iiijth day of January to the fraternitie
of Saint Clementes without Temple
Barre , .- . . . iij s. iiij d.

Itin to Robynet brawderer for his howse rent
by the space of iij quarter of a yere
ended at Cristmas last passed . xxx s.

JANUARY, 1503. 8?

Itm for thoffring of the Queue upon the
Feest of Saiut Edward the king and
confessour at Richemount . v s.

Itm to William Tyler desare late servaunt to

Therl of Oxonford in reward . vj s. viij d.

Itm the Vth day of January to Thomas Wood-
note and John Felde gromes of the
Quenes chambre for thaire costes attend-
ing upon the Quenesjouelx from Westm
to Grenewiche by the space of a day
eithere of theim at vj d. the day xij d.
Itm from Grenewiche to Baynardes
Castelle by the space of a day eithere of
theim at vj d. the day xij d. Itm from
Baynardes Castelle to Westm and from
Westm to the Towre by the space of a
day xij d. and from the Towre by the
space of a day to Richemounte xij d. iiij s.

Itiii the same day to a servaunt of Morgan
Kydwelles that brought a present of
chesys to the Quene to Rechemount in
reward . . . iij s. iiij d.

Itm the same clay to Fraunceys a purcevaunt
belonging to my lord the Kinges Cham-
brelain in reward for bringing a present
of oranges coynfaytes and othere thinges
to the Quene . x s-

,pr SnY pag. C v s.

88 JANUARY, 1503.

Itm the same day to William Gentilman page
of the Quenes chambre for his costes
caryeng twoo bukkes the xx" day of Juyn
from Windesore to London to William
Bulstrowde by the Quenes commaunde-
ment by the space of twoo dayes atviij d.
the day xvj d. and for horshyre by the
same space xij d. Itm to the same
William for caryeng of twoo bukkes from
Windesore to London the xxiiiju day of
the said moneth oon to the Duchesse of
Suff. and the othere to John Vandelf and
Lybart goldsmythes by the space of ij
dayes at viij d. the daye xvj d. and for
hors hyre by the same space xij d. Itm
to the said William for his costes going
before from Grenewiche to Baynardes
Castelle the xix* day of Novembre
prepayring logging for the Quene by the
space of a day viij d. Sma . v s. iiij d.

Itin for thoffring of the Quene upon twelf

day . . ,.' v s.

Itm the vj* day of January to Richard Bul-
lok surgion for medicynes by him
minstred upon the Lord Henry Courte-
ney . . . . x s.

Itin the vij* day of January to Thomas Wood-
note for thexpenses of the Quenes grey-
houndes for the monethes of Octobre
Novembre and Decembre that is to wit
for iiij" xij dayes at ij d. the day . xv s. iiij d.

Itm to Maistres Denton for money by hure
payed to John Hayward skynner for

JANUARY, 1503.

furring of a gown of crymsyn velvet for
the Quene of Scottes and for two skynnes
of pampelyon for the cuffes of the same
gowne vj s. Itm for half a furre of
shankes for the perfourmyng of the
same gown vj s. and for iiij tavelyns of
shankes for the coler and fent of the
said gowne ij s. .

Itin the xiiij"1 day of January to a servant of
the Pryour of Lanthony in reward for
brynging of two bakyn laumpreys to the
Quene

Sma pag. liiij s. viij d.

vs.

Itm the xvij* day of January to the Quenes

purs by thandes of my Lady Kateryn . Ixvj s. viij d.

Itin the xviij* day of January to a servaunt
of Thabbasse of Syon in reward for
bringing a present to the Quene . iij s. iiij d.

Itin the xix^ day of January to a servaunt of
Sr Edward Darrelles in rewarde for
bringing of a courser to the Quene . x s.

Itm the xxu day of January to a mayde that
came out of Spayne and daunsed before
the Quene in rewarde . . Iiij s. iiij d.

Itm the same day to James Notarice for his
costes riding from Richemount into
Bukkes Shire by the Quenes com-
maundement . . iiij s.

90 JANUARY, 1503.

Itm for gifts geven upon newe yeres day Furst

to Piers Barboure . ;. x s.

Itm to James Braybroke . . vj s. viij d.

Itm to the Kinges Wacche . . xx s.

Itm to the Kinges Hexmen . . xiij s. iiij d.

Itm to the Herauldes at Armes . xl s.

Itin to Thewry . . xx s.

Itin to the WafFry , . . . vj s. viij d.

Itin to Thomas Hunt of the Confeccionary . x s.

Itin to the Mynystres of the Kinges Chapell xl s.

Itin to a servaunt of the Bisshop of Bathe for

bringing a newe yeres gift to the Queue xxvj s. viij d.

Itm to a servaunt of the Bisshop of Excestre

for bringing a new yeres gift to the Quene xxvjs. viij d.

Itin to a servaunt of Tharchebisshop of Can-
terbury for bringing a Newe Yeres gift

to the Quene . , . xl s.

Itm to a servaunt of the Bisshop of Ely for

bringing a Newe Yeres gift to the Quene Iiij s. iiij d.

Itm to a servaunt of Tharchebisshop of York for

bringing a Newe Yeres gift to the Quene xxvj s. viij d.

£r Sm" pag. xxiij li. xvij s. iiij d.

Itin to a servaunt of the Bisshop of Win-
chestre for bringing a Newe Yeres gift
to the Quene .» . . xxvjs. viij d.

Itin to a servaunt of the Bisshop of Saresbury
for bringing a Newe Yeres gift to the
Quene -. .r . . xxvj s. viij d.

Itin to a servaunt of the Bisshop of Norwiche
for bringing a Newe Yeres gyft to the
Quene . xx s.

FEBRUARY, 1503. 91

Itin to Bygot servaunt to my Lady the Kinges
moder for bringing a Newe Yeres gift to
the Quene . . . Ixvj s. viijd.

Itin to my Lady Verney for money by hure
geven to a servaunt of the Bisshop of
Carlill for bringing a Newe Yeres gift
to the Quene . . • xxvj s. viij d.

Itm to the Kinges mynstrelles with the shal-

mewes . • . xl s.

Itin to the Quenes mynstrells . . xxvj s. viijd.

Itm to John Whiting gentilman huissher of

the chambre with the Kinges grace . xl s.
Itin to the pages of the Quenes chambre . xx s.
Itin to the children of the prive kechyn x s.

Itin to the lord of mysrule . • xx s>

Itm to my Lord Prive Sealles foole . iij s. iiij d.

Itin to Henry Glassbury x s«

Itm to a woman that brought a present of

caponys to the Quene . • "j «• "U d-

Itin the last day of January to the Quenes
purs at the Towre by thandes of George
Hamerton . . Ixvj s. viij d.

Itin the same day to William Hamerton for
thre peces of blewe wursted of the lest
cise at xiij s. iiij d. the pece xl s. Itin
for viij Ib. of blewe lyere at xij d. the Ib.
viij s. and for iij Ib. of ted and white
thred at viij d. the Ib. ij s. Sin"
Itm the vij* day of February to William
Bulstrode for money by him payed to
the keper of Coldharbrogh for wyne
and fyre by the Quenes commaunde-
ment at hure being there . • "J »• 1UJ d>

< Sma pag. xxxiij li.

92 FEBRUARY, 15O3.

Itm the same day to JVIaistres Lokke silke-
woman in partie of payement of a bill
signed with thande of the Quenes grace
conteynyng the somme of Ix li. vj s. v d.
to hure due for certain frontlettes bonettes
and othere stuf of liure occupacon by hure
deliverd to the Quenes use as it appereth
by the said bill > J . . xx li.

Itm the same day to Henry Coote of London
goldsmyth in partie of payement of C
markes to him due for certain plate
delivered to the Quenes grace at Riche-
mount and there lost and brent at the
brennyng of the place there .:f»' xxli.

Itm the viij* day of February payed to
John Henley of London sadler for
hookes and crochettes by him delivered
to William Hamerton yeoman of the
Warderobe of the beddes from the last
day of Novembre A° xvij R. H. vijmi
unto the furst day of Decembre anno
xviij0' that is to wite at Grenewiche M1"
M1 hookes at v s. the Ml. x s. Itin Vc
crochettes at xviij d. the C. vij s. vj d.
Itm at Richemount iiij M> hookes at v s.
the M* xv s. Itm viijc crochettes at
xviij d. the C. xij s. Itin at Riche-
mounte when the Quenes grace re-
tourned from Walys xv° hookes at vj d.
the C. vij s. vj d. and iij° crochettes at
xviij d. the C. iiij s. vj d. Sina . Ivj s. vj d.

Itm the same day to John Whiting oon of
the gentilmen huisshers of the Kinges
chambre for money by him lent to the

FEBRUARY, 1503. 93

Quenes grace at the Toure whiche was
geveii to thofficers of the Mynt in
rewarde at the Quenes being there . xl s.
Itm the Xth day of February to Thomas Ac-
wurth for tlie wages and bourde wages
of the stable for a quarter ended at
Cristmas last passed . qr. in ij° folio sequen.

Itm delivered to Pache for a present of poyn-
garnettes oranges and othere frutes by
him geven to the Queue in rewarde . vj s. viij d.

£r Sma pag. xlv li. xij s. ij d.

Itm the xijth day of February to Robert Ading-
ton for lyuyng and hemmyng of a kyrtelle
of blake sattyn for the Quenes grace xij d.
Itm for making of thre dublettes of sat-
tyn of Bruges for the Quenes fotemen at
xx d. the pece v s. Itm for making of
iij jakettes of blake velvet lyned with
sarcenet for the same fotemen at xij d.
the pece iij s. Itin for making a payre
of slevys of blake sarcenet for the Quene
of Scottes iiij d. and for mending of viij
gownes of divers coloures belonging to
the Quenes grace from Mydsomer to
Cristmas at ij d. the pece xvj d. Sn¥ . x s. viij d.
Itin the same day to John Browne William
Poole and JohnDuffyn for thaire costes
going before and prepayring logging for
the Quene from Baynardes Castelle to

94 FEBRUARY, 1503.

Westminstre by the space of twoo dayes
every of theim at x d. the day v s. and
to the said John Duffyn for his costes
going from Hampton Courte to West-
minstre for the maister of the barge by
the Quenes commaundement xxd. Sma vjs. viij d.

Itin to my lady Anne for money geven unto
hure by the queues grace for hure purs for
a yere ended at mighelmas last past vj li. xiij s. iiij d.

Itm to Oliver Aulferton keper of the Quenes
goshauke for his diettes out of the Courte
and for mete for his hauke and spanyelles
for the yere last passed . . xxvj s. viij d.

Itm to John Browne grome of the Quenes
beddes for his costes riding upon the
Quenes message for certain hunters in
Wilts' by the space of xj dayes at x d.
the day A y f r ^ .; . ix s. ij d.

Itm to Robert Lanston for iiij yerdes of fllanell
by him bought for my Lady Kateryn the
Kinges dough tere at xij d. the yerd . iiij s.

j>r Sm* pag. ix li. xs. vj d.

Itin the XVth day of February to Lewes Wai-
tier the Quenes bargeman for conveyeng
the Quene in a grete bote from Riche-
mount to Hampton Court with xij rowers
every rower taking viij d. viij s. and the
maister xvj d. Itin to the same Lewes
for conveyeng the Quenes grace and hure

FEBRUARY, 1503.' 95

ladys in a grete bote with viij rowers the
xiiijth day of Janyvere from Hampton
Courte to Richemounte every rower
taking viij d. by the day v s. iiij d. and
the maister xvj d. I tin in rewarde to
a man that kepte the said bote in
Hampton Courte by the space of viij
dayes at ij d. the day xvj d. I tin to the
said Lewes for conveyeng the Queues
said grace and hure Ladys in hure barge
with xxij rowers the xxvj day of January
from Richemounte to London every
rower taking viij d. xiiij s. viij d. and
the maister xvj d. Sma . . xxxiij s. iiij d.

Itm the same day to Robert Alyn yeoman
huisshere of the Queues chambre for his
costes prepayring lodging for the Quene
from Westin to the Towre by the space of
a day xij d. Itm from the Towre to Riche-
mounte by the space of twoo dayes at x d.
the day ij s. and from Richemont to the
Towre again by the space of twoo dayes
at xij d. the day ij s. Itm to Edmond
Lyvesey yeoman by the space of iij dayes
at xij d. the day iij s. Itm to William
Poole grome for iij dayes at x d. the day
ij 3. vj d. Itm to George Hamerton
grome porter for iiij dayes at x d. the
day iij s. iiij d. Itm to John Browne
for twoo dayes xx d. Itm to John
Bright page for ij dayes at viij d. the
day xvj d. and to Edmond Calverd page
for ij dayes xvj d. SnV • xviij *. ij d.

Itin the same day to Richard Brampton

96 FEBRUARY, 1503.

gentilman of the pantry with the Queue
for money by him payed for the blades
of a payre of carving knyves xiiij s. iiij d.
and for a payre of smalle knyves inamyled
for the Queues a\vne use viij s. Sin* . xxj s. iiij d.

p* Snia pag. Ixxij s. x d.

Itm the xxvj day of February to John
DufFyn for money by him geven in
reward to Henry Glasebury wif by the
Quenes commaundement vj s. viij d.
Itm to a man that went on pilgremage
to our Lady of Willesden by the Queues
commaundement iij s. iiij d. Sma . x s.

Itm the same day to Thomas Humberston
for making of hosyn for the Quenes
fotemen from the xviij111 day of January
anno xvij° unto the xxviij* day of
February A° xviij0 that is to wit for the
making and lynyng of x payre of wachet
hosyn at xij d. the payre x s. and for
makyng and lynyng of viij payre of blake
hosyn at xij d. the payere viij s. . xviij s.

Itm to William Trende for money by him
layed out for the making of a cheste
and almorys in the Quenes Counsaille
Chambre for to put in the bokes . x s.

Itm to James Nattres for his costes going into
Kent for DoctourHallyswurth phesicon
to comme to the Quene by the Kinges
commaundement. Furst for his bote hyre
from the Towre to Gravys ende and

MARCH, J503. 97

again iij s. iiij d. Itm to twoo watermen
abiding at Gravys ende unto suche tyme
the said James camme again for theire
expenses viij d. Itfn for horse hyre and
to guydes by nyght and day ij s. iiij d.
and for his awne expenses xvj d. Sma . vij s. viij d.

Itfn for thoffring of the Quene upon the

Feest of the Purificacon of oure Lady xxv s.

Itfn for cai iage of a doe from Fasterne to the
Towre to the Queue against Candelmas
day . . . iij s. iiij d.

Itfn to Robert Penson skynner in partie of
payement of a bille signed with thande
of the Quene conteignyng the somme of
C xiiij li. v s. v d. to him due for certain
stuf of his occupacon as it appereth by

the same bille . . . iiij ij li. ij s.

pr Sm« pag. iiij v li. xvj s.

Itfn to Symond Warde of London lorymere

for v D D bittes at xiiij s. the D D . Ixx s.

Itfn the iijde day of Marche to Thomas Ac-
wurth for thexpenses of the Quenes
stable . . • C xiiij li. vj s. viij d.

Itfn the same day Maister Richard Peyn the
Quenes aulmoigner for the buryeng of
Griffith late yeoman of the Quenes
chambre and for the making of him a
broder of Saint Margretts at Westminstre xiij s. iiij d.

Itfn the same day to Dame Margrette Cotton
for the dyettes of Edward Pallet sone to
O

98 MARCH, 1503.

the Lady Jane Bangham for half a yere
ended at the Purificacon of oure Lady
last passed xx s. Itin for a boke for the
same Edward vj d. I tin for a bonnette
xvj d. Itin for iij payre of shoys xij d.
and for iij payre of hosyn xij d. Sin* xxiij s. x d.

Itin the same day to Henry Roper page of
the Quenes beddes for his costes going
before and prepayring logging for the
Quene from Westminstre to the Towre
by the space of ij dayes at viij d. the day
xvj d. Itin for his bote hyre and costs
going for stuf to Baynardes Castelle and
bringing the same to Westminstre to the
Queue viij d. Itin for his costes going
before from Richemount to the To\vre
and there being by the space of v dayes
at viij d. the day iij s. iiij d. and for his
costes going from Richemount to Lon-
don to Henry Wurley to bringe the
Quenes Newe Yeres giftes by the space
of twoo dayes at viij d. the day xvj d.
Sina . (4 .s . . vj s. viij d.

Itin to Thomas Woodnotte grome of the
Quenes chambre for money by him payed
at the Towre for Coin.... for the King
and the Quene .'. .. ij s. ix d.

Itin to Henry Wurley of London goldsmyth
in partie of payement of a warrant
signed with thande of the Quene con-
teignyng the somme of C xliiij li. to him
due for certain stuf of his occupacon
delivered to the use of the Quene xx li. xvij s. vj d.

ff SnY pag. C Ixx li. ix d.

MARCH, 1503. 99

WAGES.

Itin to my Lady Kateryne for hir pencon for
an hole yere ended at Mighelmas last
passed . j j^

Itm to my said Lady for a quarter ended at

Cristmas last passed . . xij ii. x s.

Itin to my Lord Haward for the diettes of my
Lady Anne for a yere ended at Mighel-
mas last passed . . . C xx li.

Itm to my Lady Brygette . . lxvj s. viij d.

Itin to my Lady Elizabeth Stafford xxxiij li. vj s. viij d.

Itin to Maistres Mary Ratcliff . x li.

Itin to Lady Alyanor Verney . . xx li.

Itin to Dame Jaane Guldeford . xiij li. vj s. viijd.

Itin to Dame Elizabeth Peche . . lxvj s. viij d.

Itin to Maistres Elizabeth Denton . xx li.

Itm to Maistres Anne Crowmer . x li.

Itin to Maistres Alianor Johnes vj li. xiij s. iiij d.

Itin to Maistres Mary Denys . vj li. xiij s. iiij d.

Itin to Maistres Elisabeth Catesby . C s.

Itin to Maistres Margrette Bone vj li. xiij s. iiij d.

Itin to Maistres Margrette Belknap vj li. xiij s. iiij d.

Itin to Maistres Elisabeth Lee vj li. xiij s. iiij d.

Itm to Maistres Anne Weston vj li. xiij s. iiij d.

Itin to Maistres Elyn Brent . vj li. xiij s. iiij d.

Itm to Maistres Anne Browne for half yere

ended at Mighelmas last passed 1 s.

Itin to Maistres Margrette Wotton for half

yere ended at Mighelmas last passed . xl 2.

Itin to Maistres Elisabeth Fitzherbert . Iiij s. iiij d.

Itm to Alice Skeling C s.

Itm to Elisabeth Baptiste . lxvj s. viij d.

0 2

10O MARCH, 1503.

Itin to Fraunceys Baptiste . . Iiij s. iiij d.

Itin to Agnes Dean the Quenes laundre . Ixvj s. viij d.
fltin to Beatrix Bradowe rokker to my

yong Lord Henry Courteney . xiij s. iiij d.

Itin to Emme Bragges rokker to my

Lady Margrette Courteney . xx s.

Itin to Alice Williams rokker to my yong
«| Lord Edward Courteney for a yere

and quarter at Cristmas . xl s.

Itm to Lawrance Travers . . xxvj s. viij d.

<p' Siha pag. CCC Ixxiiij li.

Itm to Maister Arthure for a yere ended at

Mighelmas last passed . xxvj li. xiij s. iiij d.

Itm to the same M. Arthure for a quarter

ended at Cristmas last passed vj li. xiij s. iiij d.

Itm to William Denton carver to the Quene

xxvj li. xiij s. iiij d.

Itin to Heyward Skynner . C s.

Itm to John Staunton thelder . . Ixvj s. viij d.

Itm to Owen Whitstones messagier . xl s.

Itin to Marques Loryden mynstrelle . Ixvj s. viij d.

Itin to Janyn Marcazin mynstrelle . Ixvj s. viij d.

Itin to Richard Denouse mynstrelle . Ixvj s. viij d.

Itin to John Ricroft ..,/ . . xiij s. iiij d.

Itin to Olyver Aulferton keper of the Quenes

goshauke . . xl s.

Itm to Richard Elyot the Quenes attourney x li.

Itin to Richard Decons for his wages of thof-

fice of the Signet . , x li.

MARCH, 1503. 101

Itm to the same Richard Decons aswelle for
his wages for the receipt of the Quenes
money as for his costes lyeng in London
aboutes the Quenes rnatiers and busynes-
ses and ryding for the surveyeng of the
Quenes landes . xvj li. xiij s. iiij d.

Itm to Richard Bedelle the Quenes auditor

for his fee . . x li.

Itm to the same Auditour for his wages and

riding costes . . xxix li. xvj s. viij d.

Itin to the same Auditour for the compiling

of the values . . . Iiij s. iiij d.

Itm to the Clerc of the Quenes Counsaille C s.

Itin to John Holand keper of the Counsaille

Chambre . . iiij li. xj s. iij d.

Itin to John Mordant Sargeant at Lawe . xl s.

Itin to Humfry Conysby Sargeant at Lawe xl s.

Itni to James Hobert the Kings Attourney xxvj s. viij d.

Itin to Richard Empson . . xxvj s. viij d.

,pr Sina pag. Clxxviij li. vij s. xj d.

Itm to Sr Morgan Kydwelly . . xxvj s. viij d.

Itin to Richard Cutlerd . . xxvj s. viij d.

Itin to William Mordant attourney in the

Commen place . . xx s.

Itin to Henry Kemys attourney of the towne

of Bristowe for the receipt of the fee

ferme of the same towne . . vj s. viij d.

Itin to Thomas Goodman for the receipt of

the fee ferme of Barton Bristowe . xx s.

102 MARCH, 1503.

Itm to John Coope for keping of the Quenes
stuf of hur warderobe of the beddes
within Baynardes Castel . . xxvj s. viij d.

Itin to Richard Windesore decessed for his
annuitee for the half yere ended at Estre
last past . . . xxvj s. viij d.

Itin to Alice Massy the Quenes mydwif . x li.

Itin to Margrette Gough . . Ixvj s. viij d.

Itin to Thancoresse of Saint Michelle besides

Saint Albons , . . xxvj s. viij d.

Itm to Raaf Crestenere . . liij s. iiij d.

Itin to Sr William Barton preest synging at

oure Lady of Berking . . vij ii. vj s. viij d.

Itin to Sr Robert Byrche singyng at our Lady

of Piewe . . . vj li. xiij s. iiij d.

Itin to Richard Decons for papure parche-

myn hike and wax . . Ixvj s. viij d.

Itm to Richard Bedell the Quenes auditour

for paper parchemyn inke and wax , xxxiij s. iiij d.

Itm to the Clerc of the Counsaille for papure

parchemyn inke and wax ^ . xxv s.

Itm to Waltier Reynold keper of the garden
at Baynardes Castelle for his wages for
a hole yere ended at Mighelmas last
passed . . ' . : . Ix s. x d.

|)r Sin* pag. xlviij li. vs. x d.

MARCH, 1503. 103

Itra the viiju day of Marche to John Hynsted
of London wexchaundeler for iij rolles of
white wex of iij 1ft price the 1ft xv d.
iiij s. and for iij rolles yelowe wex of
iij 1ft price the 1ft viij d. ij s. by him de-
livered to the Queues use. Sin" . vj s.

Itfii to the same John Hynsted for iiij rolles
white wex of iiij 1ft price the 1ft xvj d.
sma. v s. iiij d. and for viij rolles yelowe
wex of viij 1ft price the 1ft viij d. v s.
iiij d. Sin8 . . . x s. viij d.

I tin to John Cope of London Taillour for the
lynyng and covering of a lytture of blake
velvet with blake cloth for the Quene,
wherin the princes was brought from
Ludlowe to London, frynged aboute with
blake valance and the twoo hed peces of
the same bounden aboute with blake
rebyn and frynged abowte with blake
valance . . .vs.

Itin to Thomas Eldreton for the costes and
charges of the buryeng of the yong lord
Edward Courteney Son to the Lady Ka-
teryn Suster to the Quene iiij li. xviij s.
iiij d. and for money by him geven by
the commaundement of the Quene at the
de[part]u[re] of the Norice and Rokker
of the same lord, xxvj s. viij d. Sma . vj li. v s.

Itih to John Rolf yeoman of the Close Carre
for money by him payed for twoo Ax-
trees for the said carre ij s. Itin for v
1ft of clowtes vij d. oft. Itm for half an
hundred of nayllys ij d. Itin in oynte-

104 MARCH, 1503.

ment. ij d. I tin for a stirrope for the
[same] iiij d. and for making of twoo lynes
ij d. Sm* . . . iij s. v d. o

Itm payed for a pece of wursted bought by
Richard Smyth yeoman of the Quenes
robys for the use of the Quene xxxiij s. iiij d.

,pr Sina pag. ix li. iij s. vd. ob.

Itm payed for a bonet for the yong lord

Henry Courteney . . xx d.

Itm payed to Cristofre Ascue for v yerdes of
Streyt white by him delivered to Nicholas
Sadler for the use of the Quenes grace at
ij s. the yerd . . . x s.

Itin payed to the same Cristofre for v yerdes
of cotton russet of him bought by Nicho-
las Sadler for the Quenes Chaare at vj d.
the yerd . . . ij s. vj d.

Itin payed to John Lynne of London whele-
wright for certain necessaryes for the
Chare by him delivered to John Herman
Sergeant of the Queues said Chaare for
the yere last past as it appereth by a bill
signed with thande of the Quene . xv s. ob.

Itin the XVth day of Marche to Thomas [Ac-
wourth] in full conteutacon of the ....
of the stable . . . xiij x.

Itin payed for the dyettes of John Pertriche
oon of the sonnes of mad Beale for a yere
endyng at Cristmas last past : .

MARCH, 1503. 10,5

Itm for ij yerdes of cloth for a gowne for the
same John Pertriche at ij s. viij d. the
yerd v s. iiij d. Itin for v yerdes fustyan
for a cote at vij d. the yerd ij s. xj d.
Itin for lynyng and making of the same
gowne and cote iij s. iiij d. Itm for iiij
shirtes ij s. viij d. Itm for vj payre
shoyn ij s. Itin for iiij payre of hosyn
xvj d. Itin for his lernyng xx d. Itm
for a prymer and saulter xx d. And
payed to a surgeon whiche heled him of
the Frenche pox xx s. Sin" . xl s.

Itin to Maulde Hamond for keping of hir
children geven to the Quene for a quar-
ter ended at Cristmas last past . iiij s.

ii
j)r Sma pag. iiij ii. ij s. x d. oH

Itin to Richard Smyth yeoman of the Quenes
robys in full contentacon and payement
of iij billes signed with thande of Uie
Quene oon bill of xiiij Ii. viij s. an other
of C vij s. xj d. and the third of iiij Ii.
x s. ix d. to him due for certain neces-
ryes by him bought for the Quenes grace
as it appereth by the same billes xxiiij Ii. xj s. viij d.

Itin to Jerom Bonvice in partie of payement
of a bill signed with thande of the
Quene conteignyng the somme of

remaignyng with the said Jerom xx s.

Itin to John Wyrdon by the commaundement
of the Quene

106 MARCH, 1503.

Itm to John Holand for his costes riding from
London to the baillif of the franches of
Cokeham and Bray and to Stratfeld
Mortymer to cause them to comme to
London for theire accomptes . vj s. viij d.

Itm for the supplusage of the last accompte
as it appereth in the boke of the last
yere . . . . lij ti. xj s.

<pr Sma pag. iiij xix li. ix s. iiij d. b.

SOME OF THALLOWAUNCE PAYMENTES AND LYVEREYS

BEFORESEID M M M CCCC XJ li. V s, IX d. q.

RECEIPTS. 107

[At the beginning of the Book are the following Pages.]

HERE ENSUEN THE RECEIPTES OP RYCHARD DECONS

FROM THE XxiiLj* DAY OP MARCHE ANNO XVIJm°
UNTO

TERMING PASCHE.

let and Furst of William Knoyell receyvor ther of
thissues and revenues of his recept for
the said terme

[7%e remainder of this Page is wholly illegible.}

COM

TERMING PASCHE.
' WILTESHYER BERKSHIRE AND SOUTHAMPTON.

ud Grene- Of S< Richard Nanfan fermour of the lord-

5JT ship of Odiham by thandes of Robert ^

Wakefeld bailiff there
3Ud orene. Of S< John Frye preest fermour of Worthy
wiche *iijo MO*™- . • vnjh.xiijs.nuci

die Maij.

die Junij. Of Waltu

Of the same

[ The rest of the Page « illegible.]

SnV CCCliijxviijli. vj s. ijd.

P 2

108 RECEIPTS.

SWALOWFELD.

Of Richard Smyth baillif there of thissues
and revenues of the same lordship for a
yere ended at Mighelmas last passed

xxiiij li. xvj s. j d. ob.

COM' HEREFORD AND WURCESTRE.

Of John Middelmore receyvor there of this-
sues of his receipt for the terme of Estre xxij li.
Of the same John Middelmore . xx li.
Of the same John Middelmore . r* s»W xij li.

[ The remainder of this Page is illegible.']

COM' GLOUCESTRE AND WILTS.

Of Edmond Tame receyvor there C lij li.

Of the same Edmond Tame in Woodstok

Ixvj li. xiij s. iiij d.
[The same.}

COM* HERTFORD.
[This Page contains four or five Entries, but they are illegible.}

RECEIPTS.

COM' ESSEX.

Of William Blake for the warde and mar-
riage of John Carewe sonne and heyre
of Sr W illiam Carewe Knight deceased xxv li.

Of William Poyntz receyvor there . xl li.

Of the same William Poyntz by thands of

Thomas Acwurth . . XXvj li. xiij s. iiij d.

[ The remainder is illegible.']

FEE FARMS.
TERMING PASCHE.

Of the fee ferine of the Monastery of Saint

Albons . . . xvj li. xiij s. iiij d.

Of the fee ferine of the towne of Bristowe Ij li. vij s. ix d.
Of the fee ferme of the towne of Bedford . x li.
Of the fee ferme of the towne of Oxonford xvij li. x s.
Of the fee ferme of Kynfare and Stourton . iiij li. x s.
Of the fee ferme of Alyseowen . . C iij s. iiij d.

[ The next two Pages are illegible.']

HO RECEIPTS.

MONEY RECEIVED OF THARRERAGS.

Of Richard Harveys receyvor of the lordship
of Fekenham for tharrerags of the last
yere - . . . C s.

FINES.

Furst of Cristofre Throkemarton Squier for a
fyne by him made to the Queues grace
for the ferme of the demaynes belonging
to the manor of Marcle in the Countie
of Hereford and for the Baillisship of
Marcle xx ti.

MONEY RECEYYED OF THE QUENES GRACE.

Furst of hire grace by thandes of Sr Thomas
Lovell Knight as money by him lent to
the Quene upon certain plate . D li.

Itm receyved of hure grace by thandes of
Maistres Alianor Jofins at Ragland the
xviij* day of August . ? . • x ti.

Itm by thandes of Thabbot of Foumesse

xxxiij ti. vj s. viij d.

j>* Sm* Dxliij ti. vj s. viij d.

RECEIPTS.

AURUM REGINE.

[No Entryoccurs under this head.]

SWALOFELD.

[No Entry.]

FODRINGHEY.

Receyved of Benet Brocas Receyvour of the
Landes late belonging to the Duchesse
of Suff. of thissues and Revenues of the
same . . C. iiij" xviij li. xv. ix d. ob.

SOME TOTALL OF THE RECEYPTES BEFORESIDE

THIS YERE M M M D Ilfj V 11. XIX S. X d Ob.

THE

TOarfcrobe &ccotmt0

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH,

THE 18th APRIL TO THE 29th SEPTEMBER,
20 EDW. IV. 1480.

113

' THE Parcelles of the Accomptes of Piers Courteys whome
the Kings Highnesse and goode grace hath assigned and
ordeigned by his high comaundement to rule gouverne and
kepe his grete Warderobe within his Citee of London and
all his goodes and stuff beying within the same unto his
mooste honourable usse safly for to kepe, and also for to
make into the same his saide grete Warderobe monysion
of all maner of stuff necessary to and for his moost honour-
able use and behove And also for other personnes at his
said high comaundement And to make oute off the same
his grete Wardrobe deliverec of stuff at alle tymes neces-
sarie and behovefull by his saide high comaundement as
wel for his moste royal personne as for all other personnes
at his said high comaundement And also as well of alle
sommes of money by hym receyved provysions of stuff
goodes and merchandises boght and pourveyede and
deliveree off the same made as of all costes and expenses
by hym made and doon in thoffice of the same grete
Warderobe unto the use and behove of oure saide souve-
rayn Lorde the Kyng and other at his said high comaunde-
ment that is to wit from the xviij day of Aprille in the
xxth yere of the moost noble reigne off oure souverayn
Lorde Kyng Edward the iiijth unto the Fest of Saint
Mighell tharchaungelle than next and im medially suyng
that is to say by a quarter of a yere and Ixviij dayes."

115

WARDROBE ACCOUNTS

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH.

A° 1480.

" MONEY commen and growen off the ferine of the man-
sions and tenementes apperteignyng and belonging unto
the same grete Warderobe within the said time," [the
tenants of each of the tenements are mentioned with the
amount of their respective rents] . vij ii. xviij d.

" The same Accomptant charges hymself frely to have
receyved of the Kyngs Highnesse and good grace as in
the price and value of diverse velvetts satyns damasks and
other silks boght of Piers de Vraulx of Montpelier in Gas-
coignyne . . CCC xxxviij li. xvs. vjd.

" And off C ii. also by hym receyved of the Kings High-
nesse and goode grace for the making of vj coursour
harneis, and an hoby harneis of grene velvett enbrowdered
and wroght with ageletts of silver and gilt and spangf of
silver and gilt.

" And of xlviij li. xviij s. iiij d. receyved of the Kings
Highnesse and goode grace as in price and value of
CC 1 xxix unces di' in old spangf and wa? floures of silver
and gilt of the Kings own store after price of the unce
iij s. vjd."

To divers persons for scarlet cloth at from seven to ten
shillings the yard, of violet ingrain from eleven to thir-
teen shillings and four pence the yard ; of cloth of Mustre-

116 WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

vilers from iij s. viij d. to v s. the yard ; of " Franche blac
cloth" from v s. iiij d. to xiij s. iiij d. the yard; of russet cloth
at iiij s. the yard ; for murrey and blue cloth from ij s. viij d.
to iij s. iiij d. the yard ; and for green cloth at vj s. viij d.
the yard ; to skinners for " skinnesof fox of Irland" at vij d.
the pece ; for " powderings made of bogy leggs" at ij s. the
hundred ; for white lamb skins at xiiij s the hundred ; for " a
furre of blac bogy shanks" xiij s. iiij d. ; and for bogy shanks
vij d. each.

For crimson velvet of Mountpelier in Gascony at
xiiij s. and xxs. the yard; for black velvet; black velvet
speckled with white ; " blue velvet figured with tawny ;"
white velvet ; white velvet with black spots ; tawny vel-
vet; " motley velvet ;" "chekkerd velvet;" " grene chaunge-
able velvet;" "velvet purpull ray and white;" "velvet
russet figury;" "velvet cremysyn figured with white" at
viij s. the yard.

For black cloth of gold at xl s. the yard ; for " velvet
upon velvet white tysshue clothe of golde and for xxv yerds
di' of velvet uppon velvefgrene tisshue cloth of golde" at
xls. the yard; for " cloth of gold broched upon satyn
ground" at xxiiij s. the yard ; for " blue clothe of silver
broched uppon satyn ground" at xxiiij s. the yard.

For white and black damask at viij s. the yard ; green
damask at vij s. viij d. the yard ; " white damask with
floures of diverse colours" at viij s. the yard ; " damask
cremysyn and blue with floures" at vj s. the yard ; for black
satin at vij s. the yard ; white satin at x s. the yard ; green
satin at viij s. the yard ; for " chameletts of diverse colours"
at xxx s. the piece; black chamelet at iiijs. the yard.

For " baldekyn of silke" at xxxiij s. iiij d. the pece;
to Richard Rawson of London Alderman for " grene and
white sarsynett" at iij s. vj d. the yard ; to John Pykering
citizen and mercer of London for grene sarsinett at
at iij s. ij d. the yard ;" for sarsinetts ehaungeables and

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 117

other diverse colours after v yerds to the C, price of every
yerde iiij s." for tawney sarcinet at iij s. iiij d. the yard.

For a piece of " grene tartaryn xviijs." for "rede
worsted of the moost assize" at xxxiij s. iiij d. the piece ;
for " rede worsted of the niyddel assise" at xv 5. vj d. the
piece; for " worsted grene and rede of the mvddel assise"
at xv s. vj d. the piece ; and for red worsted " of the leeste
assise," at xs. vj d. the piece.

' To Alice Claver sylkwoman for an unce of sowing
silk" xiv d. ; for " ij yerds di' and a naille corse of blue
silk weying an unce iij quarters di' price the unce ij s. viij d.
vs. ; for iiij yerds di' of quarter corse of blac silk weying iij
unces price the unce ij s. iiij d. vij s. ; for vj unces and
iij quarters of silk to the laces and tassels for garnysshing
of diverse Books price the unce xiiij d. vij s. x d. ob. ;
for the making of xvj laces and xvj tassels made of the
said vj unces and iij quarters of silke price in grete ij s. viij d.
and for xvj hotons of blue silk and gold price in grete
iiij s."

For " streyte riban of silk" at xvd. the ounce; for
" brode ryban of blac silk for girdelles" at xv d. the ounce ;
for " ryban of silk for poynts laces and girdelles" at xivd.
the ounce ; for ij dosen laces and a double lace of silk
made of ryban of silk" at xv d. the ounce ; for " a mantell
lace of blue silk with botons of the same" xvij s. ; for " xl
dosen poynts of silk ribbon at xx s. the pound and xv d.
the ounce ;" for " freuge of gold of Venys" at vj s. the
ounce ; " for frenge of silk yelowe grene rede white and
blue at xviijs viij d. the pound and xviij d. the ounce;
for a garter of rudde richely wroght with silke and golde
xvij s."

For a " counterpoynt of arras silk with ymagery con-
teignyng xix fT elles Ix s. ;" for " iiij counterpoynts wherof
j of arras with ymagery without silk oon other of greene

118 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

verdours with trees ; oon other of white verdour with a
scripture and the iiijth of white verdour playn" price of one
with the other xxij s. iiij d. each ; for " iiij costerings of wool
paled rede and blue with rooses sonnes and crownes in
every pane xij li."

" To Lisbet Ketiller for a grete tikke xxxij s. for a
myddell tikke xxxivs. for CCC Ibs. of down atxlvj s. viij d.
the hundred ;" for featherbeds with bolsters to them from
xvj s. viij d. to xx s. each.

For thread at xvj d the Ib. for Utnaid thread at vij d.
the Ib. ; for five ounces of ribbon of green thread at j d.
the ounce.

To Marty n Jumbard embroiderer for eight great roses
embroidered at iiij d. each, and for xlviij small roses
embroidered at j d. each.

For eight pair of hosen of cloth of divers colours at
xiij s. iiij d. the pair ; and for four pair " of sokks of fustian"
at iij d. the pair.

" To Petir Herton cordewaner for a pair of shoon
double soled of blac leder not lined" price v d. ; " \ pair
shoon of blac ledre double soled and not lyned price of
every pair" xiiij d. ; for " two pair shoon of Spanish ledre
double soled arid not lyned price the paire" xvj d. " a
pair of shoon single soled" vj d. ; for " a pair shoon of
Spanish ledre single soled" v d. each pair ; for xj pair
sloppes wherof oon pair of blue ledre iiij payr of Spaynyssh
leder v pair of tawny leder and a paire of red Spaynyssh
leder price of every payre xviij d. a pair of sloppes of blac
leder v d. and for a pair sloppes of by yond see leder price
vj d." " for viij paire of sloppes* lyned with blac velvet of
the Kings own store j" to Thomas Hatche for two pair
" of slippers price the pair vij d."

- • Notices of Sloppes of "russet leder," "tawny leder," and of red Spanish
leather also occur, each of which cost xx d.

KINO EDWARD THE FOURTH. 119

" To the same Peter Herton for ij pair patyns of leder
price the pair xij d." for a " pair of Botews of tawney
Spaynyssh leder price xvj d. for vij pair Botews of blac
leder above the kne price of every pair iiij s." " for ij
paire Botews sengle blac ledre unto the knee price the
pair iij s. iiij d. for iij pair of Botews of rede Spaynyssh leder
single above the knee ; and for viij paire of Botews of tawny
leder above the knee price of every paire vj s."

" The same Peter Herton for a pair of Bootes of blac
leder price vj s. viij d.; and for ij paire of Bootes oon of
rede Spaynyssh leder and the other tawny Spaynyssh leder
price of either paire viij s."

To " Selys goldesmythe for M Iij ageletts of silver and
gilt weying CC Ixxxj unces iij quarters and for C Iv unces
grete and small spangf of silver and gilt cont' in all
CCCC xxvj unces and iij quarters price of every unce vj s.
C xxviij li. vj d. with xlviij li. xviij s. iiij d. as in the price
of CC Ixxix unces di' of old spangf and wa? floures of
silver aud gilt of the Kings own store delivered unto the
said Selys in partie of paiement of the said C xxviij li. vj d."

" For the Copersmythe for iij paire of claspes of cooper
and gilt with roses uppon them price of every peire iij s."
for two paire of claspes of coper and gilt with the Kings
armes upon them price the pair v s. and for Ixx bolyons of
coper and gilt xlvj s. viij d."

For " a paire off blac spurres parcell gilt vs." for " a
paire of longe spurres parcell gilt price vj s."

For iiij hattes of wolle price the pece xij d." for " a
hatte of wolle price viij d. ;" for " bonetts" from ij s. vj d.
to iij s. " every pece."

To " Hastings Purssyvant for x ostriche feders price of
every pece x s."

" For di' C ryngs of laton iiij d." " to John Coper-
smythe for CC smal gilte nailes price of every C iiij d."

120 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

To Piers Draper citizen and ironmonger for " crochetts
of the moost and mydell and leest assise" the first at
iij s. iiij d. the second at ij s. vj d. and the last at xviij d.
the hundred ; for " tapethooks" at vj d. and " tenterhooks"
at ij d. the hundred; for a " clove hamer" xij d.

" And in the wages of diverse Taillors working in the
same Warderobe as well aboute the making of diverse
roobes and garmentes for the Kings moost royal persone
as for the lynyng of diverse peces of arras and tapicery ;
with also verdours lyned with busk" [Then follow their
names and the amount of each of their wages whence it
appears that they received from viij d. to vj d. per diem
each ; and the whole sum paid them was vj li. x s.]

" And in the wages of John Caster skynner and other
diverse skynners workinge aboute the furring of diverse
roobes and garmentes of owre said Souverain Lorde the
King and making of divers furres of sables for the same"
at vj d. per diem xiiij li. x s. vd.

" John Poyntmaker for pointyng of xl dosen points of
silk pointed with ageletts of laton for every dosen pointing
ij d." " and for pointing of ij dosen double laces for either
dosen ij d."

EXPENSES NECESSARY.

John Poyntmaker for pointing of xl dosen points of silk
pointed with agelettes of laton for every dosen pointing ij d.
vj s. viij d. -, and for pointing of ij dosen double laces for either
dosen ij d. iiij d. The aforesaid Richard Andrewe citezein
and hosier of London for making and lynyng of vj pair of
hosen of puke lyned with cloth of the goodes of the saide
Richard for lynyng of every pair iij s. iiij d. xx s. John

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 121

Copersmythe for the amending of a broken chayer
emended with small' gilt nailles iij d. Rauff Vnderwood
wyredrawer for iij Ib. and a quart'on of wyre of iren forto
hang with verdours ayenst the grete bay windowe in the
Quenes old chambre in the Warderobe towarde the Dragon
price of every Ib' viij d. ij s. ij d. and for crochetts and
tapethooks for the hangyng of the same verdours iiij d.
and for his werkemanship hanging the saide verdours iij d.

" Robert Boylet for wasshing of ij pair of shets and ij pair
of fustians that were occupied by Thambassiatours of
Fraunce whiche were loged in Maister Sutton place xij d.
And for wasshing of ij pair of shets of ij breds and viij pair
of shetes everiche of iij bredes after the Kinges departing
froin his grete Warderobe in the monethe of Juyll' the
xx ' yere of his mooste noble reigne, for euery pair wassh-
ing iij d. ij s. vj d.

" And for ceryng candell' at ij tymes vd. And to Joh'n
Massy lawyer for tawing of a tymbre of hole sables iiij s.
And to Robert Boyllet for xxx burdons of risshes at divers
tymes whan the Kinges highriesse and goode grace rested
and abode at his said grete Warderobe with the cariage of
the same iij s. iiij d.

" William Whyte taloughchaundeller for iij dosen
and ix Ib' of pis candell' for to light whan the Kings high-
nesse and goode grace on a nyhgt come unto his said grete
Warderobe and at other divers tyrnes price of every Ib' j d.
q* iij s. viij d. q*. And to Agneys Cosyn for making of viij
pair of shetes of Brusseh" clothe everiche of ij bredes for
making of every paire vj d. iiij s.

" John Carter for cariage away of a grete loode of
robeux that was left in the strele after the reparacon
made vppon a hous apperteignyng unto the same Warde-
robe late in the tenure of John Malter ferrour iiij d.
And to a laborer called Rychard Gardyner workyng in
the gardyne of the same Warderobe aboute clensing and

122 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

making clene of the said gardyne and other thyngs by
iiij daies di' takyng iiij d. by the day xviij d. And to Piers
Draper for M1 sprigge price vj d. And for di M of latis-
naille price iij d. of hym so boght and expended at
Eltham aboute covering of the fonte att the cristenyng of
Lady Kateryn the Kings doughter. And payed to ij water-
men for bote hyre and cariage of divers chistes and cofres
with other divers stuff belonging unto thoffice of the Roobes
within the moost honourable household of cure saide souve-
rain lorde the Kyng from Grenvviche unto Baynardes
Castelle in London iiij d. ; and from thens for cariage of
the same stuff into his saide grete Warderobe iiij d. And
unto John Huntman for cariage and bringing of the Kinges
carre at divers tymes frome Grenewiche to London ij s.

"And to Alice Shapster for making and wasshing of xxiiij
sherts and xxiiij stomachers, v dosen handcouverchieffes,
and xij combe coverchieffes, for making and wasshing of
every sherte xij d., xxiiij s. ; and for making of every cou-
verchieff ij d. xvj s. ; for making and wasshing of v pair of
shets, everiche of iiij bredes and v elles di' longe, for every
paire, making and wasshing iij s. iiij d., xvj s. viij d. : for
making and wasshing of xiiij pair of shets everiche of
iij breds> for every pair making and wasshing xx d. xxiij s.
iiij d. : for making and wasshing of viij pair of shetes, everiche
of ij breds, for every pair making and wasshing vj d., iiij s. j
and for making and wasshing of iij hedeshets large xij d.

"And in money payed by the said accomptant unto John
Lucas of Kent for seasing of a pece of blac satyn course
cont' xxxviij yerdes forfait unto the Kiuges highnes, that is
to say, for the said John Lucas rewarde for xix yerdes of
the same satyn, moite of the said xxxviij yerdes satin to hym
due by statute of suche forfaitures made, preised at vs. iiij d.
the yerd, C j s. iiij d. And for the batillage and bootehire
of the said accomptant as it hath bene accustumed after
the rate of v marc by the yerde, that is to witt, for a quarter

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 123

of a yere and Ixviij dales, within the tyme of this accompte,
after the rate of ij d. by the day, xxviij s.

Sin" pagine hue x li. xix s. viij d."

' REPARACION OFF THE KINGES CARRE.

" Costes and expenses inaade and doon as well for neces-
sarie thinges boght for the Kynges carre and for the repara-
con of the same within the tyme of this accompte, that is to
witte, John Jaks for a forehors bridelle, price iiij s. ; for v
other bridels price the pece ij s. iiij d. xj s. viij d. ; for vj
teyng haltres, price the pece xvj d., viij s. ; for v pair trays
garnyssht, price in grete xxvs.; for vj drawing colers, price
the pece, iij s. ; xviij s. for a crouper for the lymour, price
iiij s. for a doser price ij s. iiij d. ; for a lymour sadell' price
vs. ; for apayre lymour hamys garnissht xviij d. ; and for a
payre of braying roopes price vj d. Sma to1 iiij ii.

" And to Agneys Philipp for ij auxeltrees for the same
carre ij s. ; for xv Ib. cloutes at ij d. the lb., ij s. vj d. ; for
stiroppes viij d. ; for ij bondes of iren iiij d.; for a bedd xvj d. ;
for CC nailles viij d. ; for a chevel bolt and a lymour bolte
weying xvj lb. price in grete ij s. viij d. for iiij newe lynces
weying xvj lb. at ij d. xij d. ; a speringcheyne with staples
and hookes weying xvj lb. at ij d., ij s. viij d. ; for ij braying
roopes v d. ; for amending of the lokks of the same carre v d.
for sowing of the barehide of the same carre vj d. ; for lycour
for the same carre iiij d. ; and for ij grete nailles for the
same vj d. xvj s. Sm« in all' iiij li. xvj s.

To1 pagine xv li. xv s. vij d."

124 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

" YIT EXPENSSES NECESSARIE.

" George Luf kyn for makyng of x doublettes of blac satyn
a doublet of purpull satyn, and a doublet of purpull velvet,
for every doublet making with the inner stuif unto the
same vj s. viij d. iiij t. ; for the making of iij long gownes of
clothe of gold, iij longe gownes of velvet, and vj demy gownes
and a shorte loose gowne of velvet and damask, for every
gowne making iij s. iiij d.jxliij s. iiijd.; for makingofajaket
of cloth of gold ij s. ; for making of a gowne and a hoode
of the liveree of the Garter for the Duke de Ferrar' viij s. ;
and for making of a mantell of blue velvett for the saide
Duke deFerrar' garnyssht with a riche garter of ruddeur vij s.;

" And payed for the cariage of divers bedding and stuff
from the Coldherber into the same Warderobe atoon tyme
iiij d. ; and for an other cariage of federbeddes and other stuff
for the said Coldherber, and also the herber into the same
Warderobe, and also for thecostesof a man awaiting uppon
the same stuff vij d.

" Payed for bystowing of many harneis of Milayn oute
of the rayne iiij d. ; Robert Boilet for wasshing and drying
of ix pair of shetes of divers bredes for every pair iij d.,
ij s. iij d. ; for wasshing and drying of iiij pair of fustians,
for every pair iij d , xij d. ; for wasshing and drying of a
blanket j d. ; for wasshing of iij rede cupborde clothes of
rede worsted iij d. ; for wasshing of divers old peces of
busk and of a paillett vj d.

" Martyne Jumbard for enbrowdering and setting of
CCCC xxvj vnces iij q of agelettes and spanges of silver
and gilt for the garnysshing of vj coursour harneys and a
hoby harneis of the same suyte of grene velvet for every
unce browderyng and setting xij d. xxj 1. vj s. 'ix d, ; and to

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 125

Gilmyn sadeller for making and lynyng of the saide vij
barneys, for every pece xx s., vij 1. • for xlix bokels of
laton for the same barneys at iiij d. the pece xvj s. iiij d. ;
for making and stuffing of a sadelle covered in tawny
velvet xs. ; for v yerds of cremesy sarsinett for stuffing
of the saide agelettes at iiij s. viij d. the yerde, xxiij s.
iiij d. ; for vij Ib. of white threde at x d. the lb., v s. x d. ; for
rede threde, ceringe, sowing, and making of every C of
the said M1 lij. xx agelettes for every C xx d. xvij s. vj d.
for vij yerdes chaynes of laton to put in the saide ageletts
for cutting, price of every yerde, ij d. xxiij s. iiij d. ; for the
making and garnysshing of x hors houses that the Kinges
highnesse and goode grace yave to my lady Duchesse of
Bourgoingne his sister price of every pece making ix s. iiij 1.
xs. ; for x sursengles of twyne price the pece viij d. vj s.
viij d.

" Richard Carter for cariage of divers parcelles
apperteignyng unto thoffice of the Beddes caried from Lon-
don unto Eltham xv d. and to the Kinges carreman for a
reward awaiteng uppon certen of the Kinges books put in
the Kinges carr viij d. and for making of iij pair hosen of
Tranche blac cloth boght of Hastinges Pursyvant for every
pair making with the lynyng price iijs. iiij d., xs.

" Piers Herton for lynyng of a pair botews of blue leder
lyned with blac velvet xx d.

" And to Alice Claver for the makyng of xvj laces
and xvj tasshels for the garnysshing of divers of the
Kinges bookes ij s. viij d. ; and to Robert Boillett for blac
papir and nailles for closyng and fastenyng of divers cofyns
of fyrre wherein the Kinges books were conveyed and caried
from the Kinges grete Warderobe in London unto Eltham
aforesaid v d. ; Piers Bauduyn stacioner for bynding gilding
and dressing of a booke called Titus Livius xx s. ; for bind-

126 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

ing gilding and dressing of a booke of the Holy Trinite
xvj s. ; for binding gilding and dressing of a booke called
Frossard xvj s. ; for binding gilding and dressing of a booke
called the Bible xvj s. ; for binding gilding and dressing of a
booke called LeGouvernement of Kinges and Princes xvj s. ;
for binding and dressing of thre smalle bookes of Franche
price in grete vj s. viij d. ; for the dressing of ij bookes wherof
oon is called La Forteresse de Foy and the other called the
Book of Josephus iij s. iiij d. ; and for binding gilding and
dressing of a booke called the Bible Historial xxs.

"John Cave for making of iij beddes of rede worsted at the
Herber iij s.; for lyre and rynges of laton to the same iij s.; for
hanging of the saide bedds and divers costers there ij s. ; for
making of ij trav asses of grene sarsinett for either pece iij s. ;
and for making of a travas with ij curtyns of grene sarsinett
for the chapelle at Coldherber whan my Lady Duchesse
of Bourgoingne was loged there iiij s. ; and for CC ringes of
laton for the samexij d.; the saide PetirBaudvin for gilding
of an old pair of claspes ij s. ; and for gilding of an old pair
of claspes ij s. ; and for gilding of olde bolyons v s. ; and
payed for x burdons of risshes spent in the same Warde-
robe at divers tymes whan the Kinges highnesse and goode
grace come thider, price with the cariage, xxij d.

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 127

" REPARACON MAADE AND BOON IN DIVERSE TENEMENTES
APPERTEIGNYNG AND BELONGING UNTO THE SAIDE
WARDEROBE."

THESE were chiefly payments to a carpenter and a smith
for wood, iron, and labour, for the repairs of houses ; for nails,
hooks hinges, keys, and bolts, and for the workmens wages
two of whom are described as " Dawbers" who it appears
received from iiij d. to vj d. a day. Among these items
which are of no interest or importance are, " for a holowe
key for the galary dore of the same Warderobe viij d." "for
a newe key for a lokk of the Toure dore within the same
Warderobe iiij d." " for a lokk and a newe key for the Kinges
kechyn dore there viij d." " for amending of a lokk and a
key to the porters loge dore toward the Dragon ij d. ; " for
a plate of iren for a dore in the Quenes chamber j d." " for
vj loodes of lyme, price of every loode x d. and the iiij"1
parte of a ferthing" to " Alice Veysy for cole for colouring
of the same hous ix d." " for ij loodes of sand price the
loode vj d.;" " and payed unto William Norton for borde naill
and lome for cering and amending of his chambre flore
that dust shul not falle downe uppon them that sittes and
occupies his halle xij d."

"To Sir Thomas Williams Person of the Parissh Chirche
of Saint Andrewe at Baynardes Castell in London for his
yerely pension of xl s. by the yere due unto hym by reason
of his saide chirche and benefice in recompense of certeyn
offeringes oblacons and emoluments unto the said benefice
due, of the graunte of the Prince of right noble memorie
Kyng Edward the Thirde, that is to witt, for the tyme of
this accompte, after the rate of j d. q' by the day, xvij s.

" To the sayde Piers Courteys whome the Kinges High-
nesse and goode grace hath assigned and ordeigned by his

128 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

high commaundement to rule gouverne and kepe his said
grete Warderobe," &c. " for the fee and revvarde of the
said Piers Courteys belonging and apperteignyng unto his
saide office after the rate of C li. by the yere."

" To William Misterton clerk of the same grete Warde-
robe for his wages of xij d. by the day."

" To the yeoman taillours at vj d. by the day" each ; " to
the portitour at iiij d. by the day ;" " to John Easter skinner
for his laborious attendance in the same Warderobe and
also for his profitable provysion and bying of furres for his
rewarde after the rate of x li. by the yere after vj d. ob. the
day;"

" To Richard Huntingdon and Thomas Dancas?
Clercs attending in the same Warderobe early and late for
their laborious attendance in the same, and their grete
labours, as well aboute making of many and divers enden-
tures warrantes acquitances and billes in the same as
overseing of werkemen, entring theire dayes and rekenyng
and accompting the wages aswelle of divers taillours skyn-
ners and bedmakers as of other werkemen by all the time of
this accompte for the rewarde of either of them after the
rate of * yerely.

And for and in parchemyh papir ink rede wex threde
nedels counters baggesof leder with many other smalleneces-
sarie thinges the seide office concernyng and touching after
the rate of Ixxvj s. viij d. by the yere."

* In the margin is added " Ix s. p' ambobus p' temp' compi."

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 129

STUFF REMAIGNYNG UPPON THE EENDE OFF THE LAST
ACCOMPTE IN THE SAIDE GRETE WARDEROBE.

WOLLEN Clothe: scarlett iiij vij yerdes di'; Clothe in

greyne vj yerdes di'; White vvollen clothe xliij yerdes and

iij quarters.

Errayn : bakkes xxviij tymbr' di' xiij bakkes.
Sables: hole vj tymbr' and ix beestes; bakkes xxvj ;

wombes vj tymbr' di' and x.
Bogy: skynnes blac CClxvij.
Whyte lambe skynnes C xlv.
Velvette : sengle ix C xij virg' j q'rt' ; double of divers

colours C xlix di' q"rt'.
Clothe of gold aswel upon velvet grounde as satyn grounde

C iiij vij yerdes and iij qart's.

Damask of sylke Ixxj yerdes and iij q"rt's.

Satyn of sylke CCCCix yerdes and di' qart'.

Chamelet : off ix yerdes every pece, xiij peces and a yerde
cont' C xviij yerdes ; off x yerdes every pece, xli peces
cont' CCCC xxx yerdes di'; of xvij yerdes and a q'rter
every pece, x peces cont' Clxxij yerdes di' ; off xxiij
yerdes and iij q'rt's every pece, xv peces cont' CCC
Ixxj yerdes and a q'rt'r: conteignyng in all' ioyntly

M1 iiij xij yerdes and a q'rt'r.

Sarssinette C xlviij yerdes di'.

Purpulle clothe of silver xiiij yerdes di' q'rt'.

Sperver of rede damask with curtyns of sarsynett j.

Tartaryn v yerdes iij q'rt's di'.

Curtyns of sarsynet used iij.

Worsted : off the moost assise ij peces ; of the myddelle
assise a pece; Cupbord clothes iiij ; Counterpoynt of the
mooste assise j ; bedde of the moost assise j ; sperver
of blue worstede j ; spervers of rede worsted ij.

130 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

Carpet j.

Bokeram : long xxvij peces xj yerdes ; shorte cont' v yerdes

j pece ; shorte everiche conteignyng vij yerdes di' xxvj

peces.

Lynnen cloth by vj elles to the C : Lawne v peces ;
Holand clothe M M CCC Ix ; Flemmyshe clothe ij
elles; Brussell clothe DCCvij elles iij quarters; Brownes-

XX 1 1 XX

wyke iiij ix elles ; Busk M M CCC iiij xiij elles and iij

quarters of a naille ; Canvas Cxxix elles.
Fustian xx peces xj yerdes iij q' di.
Fustians : of iiij bredes iij pair ; off v bredes vj pair ; off vj

bredes j pair.
Shetes off Holand clothe, of iiij bredes viij pair ; of iij

bredes xix pair and j shete ; off ij bredes ij pair ; Hede-

shetes of Holand clothe vij. • j-,

Garters, with lettres of gold xvj ; with lettres off silk C xxij .
Shetes off Flemmysshe clothe of ij bredes xvj pair; Shetes

off Brussell clothe of ij bredes vij pair ; Shetes of busk

of iij bredes ij pair.
Sylk j Ib. an unce andj quarteron.
Frenge, off sylk x Ib. x unces ; off sylk and gold ij Ib. v

unces.

Poyntes off ryban off sylk iij groos.
Arras, conteignyng Cxlvj Flemmyssh elles called buscage

ix peces ; conteignyng xlvj Flemmyssh elles called bus-
cage ij peces.

Quysshon clothes with ymagery of sylk xij.
Tapicery : oft' wolle wroght called counterpoyntes of divers

sortes conteignyng CCxlvj Flemmyssh elles ix peces ;

chavnberyng off tapicery white and grene chekked cont'

iiij xv Flemmyssh elles di' j.
Tykkes iiij.
Beddes called federbeddes stuffed with downe with their

bolsters v.

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 131

Federbeddes with theyre bolsters all stuffed with feders xxx.

Pilowes off fustian stuffed with downe xxviij.

Pilowe beres off fustian unstuffed iiij.

Lytill bagges of fustian stuffed with ireos and anneys xxvj.

Pilowe beres of Holand clothe xxij.

Blankettes ij pair.

Paylettes of busk v.

Canvas in the Skynnery j.

Threde xlvj Ib. and ij unces.

Bonettes xij.

Gloves viij dosen pair.

Quysshons : long covered in grene velvet cloth of gold j;
long covered in velvet of divers colours iij ; short covered
in velvet of divers colours iiij ; short covered in grene
velvet cloth of gold j ; square covered in tawny velvet
ij ; uncovered ij.

Table clothes off dyaper werk ij ; Table clothes playne iiij.

Napkyns course of werk riij.

Towails playne vj.

Brusshes of hethe xij.

Trestels iij pair and j trestell.

Tables with iiij paire trestells iiij.

Fourmes vij ; joynede fourmes iiij ; longe j ; short e j.

Chayers ij.

Cupborde of ostriche horde j.

Stoles xvj.

Escochons of papir in colours of the armes of Lorde George
Ver vj.

Double soled shoon at iiij d. the payre iiij pair.

Spervers of ly nnen cloth iij .

Standing glas j.

Standisshes with weightes and scales iij.

132 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

THE FOREYN RECEYTE OF STUFF.

AND the said Accomptant charges hym self frely aswelle
of divers peces of Arras, divers federbeddes, divers
shetes, divers peces of worsted, divers fustians, and a
sperver of tawny damask.

Two peces of arras of the story of Paris and Elyn ; C liiij
elles of Holand clothe of oure saide souverayn Lorde the
Kynges provysion by the handes of Roger Cooke servant
unto the right high and right noble Princesse Lady
Margarete Duchesse of Bourgoingne suster unto oure
saide souverain Lorde the Kyng. ij federbeddes with
bolsters unto them ; a paire of shetes of iij bredes, a
paire of shetes of ij bredes, of Holand clothe ; ij pair of
fustians either of v bredes ; iij peces rede worsted of the
myddell assise ; a sperver of tawny damask ; v paire of
shetes of Holand clothe, everiche of iiij bredes and v
elles di' longe ; iij hedeshetes of Holand clothe, everiche
of ij bredes arid iiij elles longe ; xiij paire of shetes of Hol-
and clothe of iij bredes and iiij elles and a quarter longe ;
a paire of shetes of iij bredes of Holand maade of xxv
elles; xvj paire of shetes of Brussell cloth, wherof viij
pair everiche of ij bredes and iij elles di' longe j and
other viij paire of shetes of Brussell clothe, everiche of
ij bredes and iij elles di' longe j ij travasses maade of
grene sarsinet.

A sperver maade of velvet ray of the colours of rede grene
and whyte, conteignyng testour celour and valances lyned
with busk, with ij syde curtyns and a foote curtyne of sarsi-
net changeable, the saide sperver garnyssht with frenge of
sylk ; an other sperver of velvet white and blue paled con-
teignyng testour celour counterpoint and valance of the
same lyned with blac bokeram and garnyssht with frenge

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 133

of silk, with ij side curtyns and a foote curtyn maade of
sarsynet white and blue, vj paire blankettes of white
wollen clothe ; a grete paire of Fustians either of vj
bredes and v yerdes longe ; vj paire of fustians everiche
of iiij bredes and iij yerdes and iij quarters longe except
ij yerdes in all.

xxxviij yerdes of course blac satyri unto oure sayd
Souverain Lorde, the Kyng forfaited, and seased as a
forfaite by John Lucas of Kente; and also preysed
by William Oriell of London mercer at v s. iiij d. every
yerde and entrede in the bokes of oure said Souverain
Lorde the King in bis Eschequier and amontethe unto
the somme of xh ij s. viij d.

A pane of scarlet made of xij yerdes of scarlet boght afore-
hand and xxxij tymbres off ermyns used receyved of the
Kinges Highnesse and goode grace ; two complete her-
neys receyved of the Kynges highnesse and goode grace
by the handes off Thomas Grafton merchant of the
Staple of Caleys ; and of ij pair hosen made of ij yerdes
and iij qa of Tranche blac afore here of Hastinges the
Pursyvant boght.

134 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

THE TOTALL EMPCION AND EYING OF STUFF WITHIN THE
TYME OF THIS ACCOMPTE WITH THE FOREYN RECEYTE
OF STUFF, AND STUFF ALSO REMAIGNYNG UPPON THE
EENDE OF THE LAST ACCOMPTE OF THE YERE PRECE-
DENT.

Clothe off divers sorts : Scarlet, CC ix yerdes di'; Clothe in
greyne, xxviij yerdes di'; Clothe of divers colours, Clxx
yerdes j quart' dj' ; White wollen clothe, xliij yerdes and
iij quarters.

Furres off dyvers sortes : Ermyns, newe, xxviij tymbr' di'
and xiij bakkes; used, xxxij tymbr'; Sables, hole, vj tymbr'
and ix bestes ; bakkes xxvj ; wombes vj tymbr' di' and
x wombes : Bogy blac, skynnes blac CC Ixx ; furre of
shankes blac j ; powderinges of shankes blac M M M

CCC iiij x ; White lambe DC xlv skynnes; Fox skynnes

of Island viij.
Velvettes of divers sortes: sengle, M CCC xij yerdes dj'

virg. ; double C xlix virg' dj' dj' quart'.
Clothe of golde aswell blac of colour as of the colours

white and grene velvet uppon velvet tisshue cloth of golde

and other clothe of gold aswell of the grounde of velvet

as of satyn grounde som broched with golde, CC Ixx

yerdes and iij quarters.
Clothe of sylver: purpull xiiij yerdes and di' quart'; blue

uppon satyn grounde broched iij yerdes di'.

Damask of sylk, C iiij xviij yerdes di' quarter.

Satyn of sylk, DC xxxiij yerdes j quarter di'.

Chamelettes, of ix yerdes every pece xiij peces and a

yerde cont' C xviij yerdes ; of x yerdes di' every pece

xlj peces cont' iiij C xxx yerdes di'; of xvij yerdes

and a quarter every pece x peces cont' C Ixxij yerdes

di' ; of xxiiij yerdes and iij quarters xv peces cont'

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 135

CCC Ixxj virg' j q': conteignyng in alljoyntly M iiij xij

yerdes j quarter.
Baldekyns of silk vij peces.
Sarsinet : sarsinettes chaungeable and other divers colours,

DCC iiij xv yerdes and iij quarters ; Curtyns of sarsi-

net iij.
Spervers of damask with curtyns of sarsinet wherof j rede

and the other tawny, ij.
Tarteryn, j pece v yerdes iij quarters di'.
Worsted: off the moos teassisev peces; of the myddel assise

xiij peces ; off the leeste assise yj peces ; Cupbord

clothes iiij ; Counterpoynt of the moost assise j ; of

the moost assise bedde j ; Sperver of blue worsted j ;

Spervers of rede worsted ij ; Celours of worsted iij.
Carpetj.
Bokeram : longe xxvij peces xj yerdes ; shorte cont' v

yerdes j pece ; shorte everiche cont' vij yerdes di' xxvj

peces.

Lynnen cloth after vj elles to the C : Lawne v peces ; Hol-
and clothe M M CCC Ixix ell' di' et j nayll'; Flemysshe
clothe ij elles ; Brussell clothe DCCvij elles and iij
quarters.

Browneswyk, iiij ix elles.

Busk, M M CCC iiij xiij elles iij q' of a naill'.

Canvas, C xxix elles.

Fustian, xx peces xj yerdes iij quarters di'.

Fustians, of iiij bredes ix pair ; of v bredes viij pair ; of
vj bredes ij pair.

Shetes off Hoi and clothe: of iiij bredes xiij pair; of iij
bredes xxxiiij pair and a shete ; of ij bredes iij pair;
Hedeshetes of Holand clothe x; Shetes of Flemmyssh
clothe, off ij bredes xvj pair ; off Brussell clothe, shetes,
off ij bredes xxiij pair; Shetes off busk cloth, of iij
bredes ij pair.

136 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

Spervers off velvet garnyssht with frenge of silk : off velvet
with curtyns off sarsinett oon of ray velvet and an other
of velvet blue and white ij.

Travasses maade of grene sarsynet ij.

Garters : with lettres of gold xvj ; with lettres of silk C xxij ;
off ruddeur richely wroght with silk and gold j.

Sowing sylk, j Ib. ij unces and a quarter.

Riban off silk : streyte xj unces di' ; brode ix yerdes weying
v unces di' quarter.

Riban of silk for poyntes laces and gyrdels iiij unces.

Riban of silk and golde j unce.

Laces made of ryban of silk: ij dosen laces and a double
lace of riban of silk weying ij unces di' ; Mantell lace of
blue silk with botons of the same j.

Poyntes: made of ryban of silk iij groos; made of ryban
of silk weying j Ib. ij unces iij quarterons di', xl dosen.

Frenge : of sylk xv Ib. vj unces and a quarteron : of sylk
and gold ij Ib. v unces ; of Venys gold xj unces di'.

Corses of sylk with laces and tassels of sylk and botons off
sylk and gold : of blue sylk weyng an unce iij quarterons
di', ij yerdes di' and a nail ; of blac silk weying iij unces
iiij yerdes di' di' quart' ; of silk for laces and tassels, vj
unces and iij quarterons ; botons of blue sylk and golde
xvj.

Arras : cont' Cxlvj Flemmyssh elles and a quarter called
buscage ix peces ; cont' xlvj Flemmyssh elles called
buscage ij peces ; of the story of Parys and Eleyn ij
peces; counterpoint of arras with ymagery and silk,
cont' xxx Flemmyssh elles j ; counterpoint of arras with
ymagery without silk cont' xxx Flemmyssh elles j.

Rosses embroudered ; grete viij, small xlviij.

Quysshons off arras with ymagery and sylk xij.

Tapicery, off wolle wroght with ymagery called counter-
pointes of divers sortes cont' CClvj Flemmyssh elles ix

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH.

peces ; chambering of tapicery white and grene chek-

ked cont' iiij xv Flemmyssh elles di', j ; counter-
pointes of verdours without silk everiche cont' xxx
Flemmyssh elles vij. ; counterpointes of verdours of
wolle everiche cont' xx Flemmyssh elles vj ; costeringes
of wolle paled rede and blue with rooses sonnes and
crounes in every pane, wherof two peces either cont' Ix
Flemmyssh elles and either of the other ij peces cont' 1
Flemmyssh elles, and a counterpoint cont' xx Flem-
myssh elles, v peces.

Tykkes, iiij; gretej; myddellj.

Federbeddes : stuffed with downe with bolsters longing
unto the same v ; stuffed with feders with bolsters belong-
ing unto the same xxxviij.

Downe CCC lib.

Pilowes stuffed with downe xxviij ; Pilowe beres of fustian
unstuffed iiij ; Pilowberes of Holand clothe xxij.

Lytill bagges of fustian stuffed with ireos arid anneys xxvj.

Blankettes viij paire.

Pailettes of busk v.

Canvas in the Skynnery j.

Threde of divers colours Iviij Ib. di' and iiij unces.

Ryban of threde xiij unces.

Corde and lyour Cxv Ib. di'.

Gloves viij dd' pair.

Quysshons : long, covered in grene cloth of gold j ; longe,
covered in velvet of divers colours iij ; shorte, covered
in velvet of divers colours iiij ; shorte, covered in grene
cloth of gold j ; square, covered in velvet tawny ij ;
uncovered ij.

Hosen vi paire xj paire.*

* The words in italics were afterwards added.

138 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

Sokkes of fustian, iiij paire.

Shoon double soled and not lynede : blac, v paire wherof iiij
pair everiche paire at iiij d. the paire ; blac v paire
Spaynyssh leder ij paire.

Shoon sengle soled and not lynede : blac j paire, iiij d ;
Spaynyssh leder iiij paire, v d. ; j paire, vj d. ; blac vij
paire xij d. ; tawny Spaynyssh leder ix paire.
Sloppes off divers sortes : blue, j paire ; Spaynyssh leder,
iiij paire ; tawny leder, v paire ; rede Spaynyssh leder, a
paire at xviij d. the paire; of by yond the see leder
a paire, vj d. ; blac leder a paire, v d. : Sloppes of blac
leder not lined, ij paire ; Sloppes off divers sortes and
divers leders lined with blac clothe, blac j paire ; Spay-
nyssh leder ij paire ; russet a paire ; tawny a paire ;
rede Spaynyssh leder a paire : Sloppes of divers sortes
and divers leders lyned with velvett; Spaynyssh leder,
vj paire ; blue leder, a paire ; grene leder, a paire.

Slippers, iij paire. Item ij par' hatche.*

Patyns of leder, ij paire.

Botewsoff divers sortes and divers leders; tawny Spaynyssh
leder, a paire ; blac leder above the knee, vij paire ;
blac sengle unto the knee ij paire ; rede Spaynyssh
leder above the knee iij paire ; tawny leder above the
knee viij paire.

Bootes, blac leder a paire; rede Spaynyssh leder a paire;
tawny Spaynyssh leder a paire.

Spurres parcell gilt : longe, a paire ; shorte, a paire.

Hattes of wolle, v.

Bonettes, xix.

Ostriche feders, xj.

Rynges of laton, iiij.

* The words in italics were added afterwards.

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 139

Smalle gilt naill', CC. Item other CCC gylt nayles.*
Crochettes : off the moost assise, C ; of the myddell assise,

CCC ; of the leest assise, DCC.
Tapethokes, D.
Tentourhokes, CC.
Clovehamer, j.

Table clothes of diaper werk, ij ; table clothes playne, iiij.
Napkyns of werk course, viij.
Towails playne, vj.
Brussb.es of hethe, xij.
Trestels, iij paire and a trestelle.
Tables with iiij paire trestels, iiij.
Fourrnes: joyned, iiij; longej; shortej.
Agelettes of silver and gylt and spanges of silver and gilt

weying in all, CCCCxxvj unces and iij quarterons.
Claspes of coper and gilt, vj paire.
Bolyons of coper and gilt, Ixx.

* The words in italics were added afterwards.

140 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

FOR THE OFFICE OFF THE BEDDES WITHIN THE MOOST
HONORABLE HOUSEHOLD OF CURE SAIDE SOUVERAIN
LORDE THE KYNG, RECEYVED liY THE HANDES OFF PIERS
WRATON YOMAN OFF THE SAME OFFICE OFF THE BEDDES.

To oure said Souverayn Lorde tbe King to have
into thoffice of his Beddes within his moost honourable
householde divers stuff and bedding as may playnly appere
by an endenture of papir thereof made bering date the
xvj day of May the xxli yere of the inooste noble reigne
of oure said Souverain Lorde the Kyng. And also by
vertue of a warrant aswelle undre oure said Souverain
Lordes signe manuell as undre his signet bering date the
second day of Juyne the said xx" yere of oure said Souve-
rain Lordes moost noble reigne unto the said Piers Curteys
directe for the deliveree of the said stuff and bedding.
And over this busk delivered for lynyng of divers peces of
arras corde and Hour for liring and lowping of the same
arras ; and for hanging of a curtyne of paled verdour rede
and blue with riban of grene threde and rynges of latone
by vertue of the warrant aforesayd : federbeddes xij with
bolsters to them stuffed with feders; shetes of Holand
clothe, v paire every of iiij bredes ; a paire of ij bredes ;
blankettes iij paire ; fustians ij pair everiche of v bredes ;
a paire of iiij bredes ; pilowe, j of fustiane stuffed with
downe and a here of Holand clothe therunto ; busk Clxx
ell' iij q'. di' after the grete C; corde and Hour Iv Ib ;
riban, v unces of grene threde; rynges, xxx of laton.

Delivered for to make off v peire of shetes of Holand
clothe everiche of iiij bredes and v elles di' longe ; iij
hede shetes of Holand clothe everiche of ij bredes and iiij
elles longe ; xiij paire of shetes of Holand clothe everiche

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 141

of iij bredes and iiij elles and a quarter longe ; a paire of
shetes of Holand clothe of iij bredes made of xxv elles;
viij paire of shetes everiche of ij bredes and iij elles di'
quarter longe of Brusselle clothe; and viij paire of shetes,
everiche of ij bredes and ij elles di' longe,

Brussell cloth Dlx elles ; D elles di' Holand clothe.

Delivered unto Rauff Dovvell' unto the Erber for
the logeing of the ambassiatours of Bourgoingne iij peces
of rede worsted of the moost assise, wherof was made iiij
costers and iij counterpointes for iij beddes in iij chambres
there ; and also delivered unto the same Rauff for the same
logeing vj peces rede worsted of the myddelle assise, wherof
was made iij newe testours to iij celours that were boght of
William Shukburgh and delivered to the same Rauf, and
there were made also of the saide vj peces of rede worsted
of the myddelle assise ix curtyns to iij beddes in the saide
iij chambres and costers for ij of the saide iij chambres;
and the saide iij old testours that; were taken of from the
saide elours were made into iij cupbordclothes, alle whiche
stuff of worstedes remaigne stil there, for the logeing
nowe of Mr. John Wode nowe undretresorer of England,
by vertue of a warrant utidre the Kinges signet and signe
manuelle bering date the xxiiij day of Juylle, in the xxu
yere of the moost noble reigne of oure said Souverain
Lorde the King,

Worsted : iij peces of the moost assise ; vj peces of
the myddelle assise ; iij celours ; pilow of fustiane and here
of Holand cloth ; j stuffed with downe with a bere of
Holand clothe therto.

Delivered unto the Manoir of Grenwiche and Cold-
herber ayenst the commyng tbider of my Lady Duchesse
of Bourgoingne ij paire shetes of iiij bredes; a paire of

142 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

shetes of iij bredes ; a paire of fustians of iiij bredes ; a
paire of blankettes ; iij peces rede worsted of the myddelle
assise ; ij peces of arras of Paris and Eleyn ; ij travasses of
grene sarsinet; and delivered to make of the same ij
travasses xlvij yerdes of grene sarsinett garnissht with v
unces di' riban of grene silk, by vertue of a warrant under
the Kinges signet and signe manuelle bering date the
xxiiij day of Juylle in the xxt* yere of the moost noble
regne of oure saide Souverain Lorde the Kyng within the
tyme of this Accompte,

Sarsinette xlvij yerdes grene, in ij traves ; riban of silk,
v unces di' streite ; arras ij peces of the story of Purys and
Eleyn ; shetes of Holand clothe ij paire everiche of iiij
bredes ; a paire of iij bredes ; fustians, a paire of iiij
bredes ; blankettes, a paire ; rede worsted, iij peces of the
myddelle assise : counterpoint, j of xx Fleminyssh elles.

Deliverede for to make of a sperver of ray velvet of
the colours grene rede and white, the testour made of x
yerdes of the saide velvet, the celour of the same made of
ix yerdes of the same velvet, and the valance of the same
made of iij yerdes a quart' di' of the same velvet, and the
saide sperver lyned with xj elles busk. An other sperver
made of velvet white and blue paled, the testour made of x
yerdes, the celour made of ix yerdes, the valance made
of iij yerdes j q' di' of the same velvet, and perfourmed
with iij quarters of whyte satyne. And the counterpoint of
thes am e sperver made of xxx yerdes, and the saide sperver
lined thorough oute with blac bokeram and either sperver
with ij side curtyns, and a foote curtyne of sarsinet of the
colours according unto the said spervers, the same spervers
bound with riban of grene threde sowed with silk and
garnyssht with frenge of sylk,

Velvet, xxij yerdes j q' di' ray of divers colours ; Iij

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 143

yerdes a quarter di' blue and white; satyne, blue and white,
iij quarters of a yerde white ; sarsinette, xxj yerdes di'
chaungeable, xxij yerdes white and blue ; busk, xj elles;
bokeram longe, iij peces ; silk, iij unces di' di' q' of divers
colours; frenge of silk of divers colours/ iij Ib. iiij unces iij
q'; riban of threde di' Ib. ; thredej Ib. of divers colours.

To cure said Souverayn Lorde the Kyng to have
into th'office of his Beddes within his rnoost honourable
household dely vered to Windesore by the Kynges high com-
maundement by the handes of Thomas Frysley Ix yerdes
of^scarlet for to make of divers costeringes, by vertue of a
warrant undre the Kynges signet and signe manuelle bering
date the xvj day of August in the xxtl yere of the mooste
noble reigne of oure said Souverain Lorde the King unto the
said Piers Courteys for deliveree of the said stuff directe,
Scarlet, Ix yerdes.

To oure said Souverain Lortle the King to have
into thoffice of his Beddes within his moost honourable
household, a grete large federbedd and the bolster therunto
stuffed with downe ; v tapettes of verdours with crownes
and roses paled blue and crymysyn ; a sperver of ray
velvet of the colours grene rede and white, conteignyng
testour celour and valance of the same suyt, lined with
busk and frenged with frenge of silk of divers colours, with
ij syde curtyns and a fote curtyn of sarsinet chaungeable ;
an other sperver of velvet white and blue, conteignyng
testour celour valance and counterpointe of the same, lyned
with blac bokeram and frenged with frenge of silk, and the
valence of the sperver of velvet white and blue and par-
fourmed with white satyn ; a paire of fustians of vj bredes
and ij peire fustians either of v bredes ; iiij peire of shetes

144 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

of Holand clothe everiche of iiij bredes and v elles longe ;
xliiij yerdes of rede sarsinett for divers curtyns and ij hede-
shetes either of ij bredes and ij elles longe, by vertue of a
warrant undre the Kinges signet and signe manuelle bering
date the xvij day of August in the xx" yere of the vnoost
noble reigne of oure said Souverain Lorde the Kyng unto the
saide Piers Courteys for deliveree of the said stuff directe,

Federbedde : A grete bedde with a bolster thereunto

stuffed with down; tapettes other wise called costeringes,

v of verdoures with crownes and looses paled blue and

crymysyn ; spervers, oon of ray velvet of the colours grerie

rede and white with curtyns of chaungeable sarsinet ; oon

of velvet white and blue with curtyns of sarsinet ; fustians,

a paire of vj bredes ; ij peir everiche of v bredes ; shetes,

iiij paire everiche of iiij bredes and v ell' long ; hedeshetes,

, either of ij bredes and ij elles long : sarsinet rede, xliiij

yerdes for divers curtyns ; rynges, cli' C of latone.

Delivered to make of a travas of grene sarsinett and
ij curtyns for the Chapelle of my lady Duchesse of Bour-
goingne atColdherber whiche was lost there, by vertue of a
warrant under the Kinges signet and signe manuelle bering
date the xxiiij day of Juylle the said xx" yere,
Sarsinett xiij yerdes di' di' quarter grene.

Delivered for the garnysshing of a chaier for oure saide
Souverain Lorde the King garnyssht with riban of silk
and gold and gilt nayles, by vertue of the saide warrant
bering date the xxiiij day of Juylle the said xx" yere,

Riban of silk and gold j unce ; nailes gilt, CC smalle.

Delivered for to make of vj paire of blankettes, white
wollen clothe xviij yerdes; white threde j unce.

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 145

Delivered to make of a grete paire of fustians of vj
bredes, and vj paire of fustians everiche of iiij bredes and
iij yerdes and iij quarters longe except ij yerdes lakking in
alle,

Viij hole peces of fustiane except ij yerdes in alle.

Delivered for the conveying and trussing of ix worthy
gentilwomen, embroudered,
Busk xxx elles.

Delivered unto Piers Wratone yoman of the beddes
within the moost honourable household of cure said Sou-
verain Lorde the King whan he went to the Grace Dieu
and from thens unto Caunterbury,

Shetes of Holand cloth : a paire of iij bredes ; a paire
of ij bredes.

Delivered also to the Coldherber ayenst the commyng
thider of my lady Duchesse of Bourgoine for the apparail-
lyng of the logeing there, di' C grete crochettes CC myd-
del crochettes and iiij C smalle crochettes, and for th'ap-
paraillyng of the Erber ayeust the commyng thider of th'
ambassiatours of Bourgingne, C crochettes of the leest assise
CCC tapethokes and CC tentourhokes,

Crochettes, di.' C of the moost assise ; CC of the myddel
assise ; D of the leest assise ; tapethokes CCC ; tentour
hokes CC.

146 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

FOR THE OFFICE OFF THE ROOBES WITHIN THE MOOST
HONORABLE HOUSEHOLD OF OURE SAID SOUVERAIN
LORDE THE KYNG.

To oure said Souverain Lorde the Kyng. A longe
gowne made of blue clothe of gold uppon satyn grounde
emaylled, and lyned with grene satyne ; a doublet made of
blac satyne lyned with Holand clothe and busk ; and ij elles
of busk and di' elle of Holand clothe for lynyng of Bother
doublettes; a demy gowne made of tawny velvett lyned
with blac damask; a demy gown made of blac velvet
lyned with purpulle satyne ; a demy gowne of grene velvet
lyned with blac damask ; and iiij tipettes made of blac
velvett ; and over this other stuff necessarie, as sloppes of
divers leder; shoon of divers leder ; patyns ofleder; Coleyn
threde delivered into the Tailloury for taillours to lyne arras
and verdours with, and a lb' of threde delivered into the
Skynnery for skynners to wirk with, by vertueof a warrant
under the signet of oure said Souverain Lord the Kinges
armes signed with his owne handes bering date the xj day
of May in the xxu yere of the mooste noble reigne of oure
said Souverain Lorde the Kyng unto the saide Piers Curteys
by oure said Souverain Lordes highnesse for the deliveree
of the saide stuff directe.

Velvet, xxiij yerdes di' of divers colours; blue cloth of
gold, x yerdes di' uppon satyne grounde emayled ; blac
damask, xij yerdes; satyn, xxij yerdes and a quarter of
divers colouis; Holand clothe, ij elles; busk, iij elles;
threde, ij lb' colen, di'lb' white, j lb' of threde for skynners ;
sloppes, ij paire of Spanyssh leder not lyned, a paire of
Spaynyssh leder lined with clothe, j payre of blac leder
lyned; a paire of blac leder not lyned; shoon, a paire of

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 147

Spaynyssh leder sengle soled and not lined; ij paire of blac
leder sengle soled and not lined; patyns, j paire of blac
leder.

To oure saide Souverain Lorde the Kyng to have into
th'office of his Roobes within his mooste honorable house-
hold divers stuff by vertue of a warrant undre the Kinges
signe manuelle and signet bering date the second day of
Juyn the xxli yere of the moost noble reigne of oure said
Souverain Lorde the Kyng unto the saide Piers Curteys
direct for the deliveree of the said stuff,

Blac velvet, a yerde for lynyng of ij paire sloppes of
Spaynyssh leder and of divers botews; botews, a paire
botews unto the knee of blac leder; a pair above the
knee of blac leder ; v paire of Spaynyssh tawny leder ; a
paire of blue leder; sloppes, ij paire lined with blac velvet,
a paire of tawny Spaynyssh leder, viij pair of Spaynyssh
leder not lined ; shoone, iij pair of Spaynyssh ledder
sengle soled, ij paire of by yond see leder sengle soled ;
patyns, j pair of leder.

To oure said Souverain Lorde the Kyng, a demy gowne of
purpulle velvet, double sett lyned withgrenesarsinette; ajaket
of blue clothe of gold emayled not lined, and oon elle di' of
Holand clothe for to make of necessarie thinges for the
Kynges medicyns, by vertue of a warrant undre the Kinges
signe manuelle and signet bering date the xix day of Juyl
in the xxu yere of the moost noble reigne of oure said Sou-
verain Lorde the Kyng unto the saide Piers Court eys
direct for deliveree of the said stuff,

Velvet purpulle, vj yerdes di' double sett ; cloth of gold
emayled, ij yerdes blue ; sarsinett, iij yerdes grene ; Holand
clothe j elle di'.

To oure saide Souverayn ij doublettes of blac satyne ;

148 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

a longe gowne of blac velvett lined with tawny damask ;
a demy gown of grene velvet chaungeable lined with
blac sarsinette; a longe gowne of white damask furrid
with fyne sables; a doublet of purpulle satyn and a doublet
of crymysyn velvet both lined with Holand clothe and in-
terlined with busk; ij stomachers of blac satyn; half a
yerde of blac velvet for lynyng of ij paire of sloppes;
xxiiij sheries of Holand clothe ; xxiiij brest coverchieffes
of Holand clothe ; and xlviij handcoverchieffes of Holand
clothe ; an ostriche feder ; ij paire hosen of puke ; iiij paire
sokkes of fustian and a paire of hunting spurres parcelle gilt ;
ij paire of sloppes lined with velvet, blac ; iij paire of
slippers ; a paire of botews of blac leder doubled soled
above the knee ; iij paire of botews of blac leder above the
knee; a paire botews of blac leder; a paire of botews
above the knee of rede Spaynyssh leder ; a paire of botews
of tawny leder ; a paire of shoon of Spaynyssh leder ; ij
paire shoon of tawny leder ; a paire shoon of blac leder
double soled ; a paire shoon double soled not lined ; and
iiij paire of shoon of blac leder sengle soled ; by vertue of
a warrant undre the Kynges signe manuelle and signette
bering date the xxiiiju day of Juyll in the xxu yere of the
mooste noble reigne of oure said Souverain Lorde the
Kyng unto the saide Piers Courteys directed for the
deliveree of the said stuff,

Velvett, xxij" yerdes of divers colours ; damask of silk,
xx yerdes and iij quarters di' of divers colours ; satyn of
silk, ix yerdes and iij quarters of divers colours; sarsinett
blac, iiij yerdes ; Holand clothe, Cix elles ; busk, iij elles ;
sable bakkes, vj tymbre di' xiiij ; ostriche feder, j ; hunting
spurres, j paire parcelle gilt ; sloppes, ij paire lyned with
blac velvett ; slippers, iij paire ; botews, a paire above the
knee of blac leder double soled ; iij paire of blac leder
above the knee ; j paire of blac leder ; a paire of rede
Spanyssh leder above the knee; a paire of Spaynyssh

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 149

leder tawny ; shoone, a paire of Spaynyssh leder, ij paire
of tawny leder, a paire of blac leder double soled, a
paire double soled not lined, iiij paire of blac leder sengle
soled ; hosen, ij paire of puke ; sokkes, iiij paire of fustiane.

To oure saide Souverayn Lorde the Kyngalonge gowne
of grene velvet upon velvet tisshue cloth of gold, and a
longe gowne of white velvet upon velvet tisshue cloth of gold,
both gownes lined with blac satyn ; j unce and a quarteron
of grene tbrede for the same ; a doublet of blac satyn
lined with Holand clothe and busk, and to have of divers
thinges necessarie as more plainly apperith in the utter
margyne by vertue of a warrant undre the Kinges signet
and signe manuelle bering date the vjthe day of August
the xx" yere of the moost noble reigne of oure said Souve-
rain Lord the King unto the saide Piers Courteys direct,

Tisshue clothe of gold, xxj yerdes di' of grene and
white velvet upon velvet; satyn blac, xxvj yerdes; threde
grene, j unce j quarteron ; Holand clothe, j elle j q' ;
busk, j elle di' ; laces of silk, xiiij laces of riban of silk ;
pointes of silk, viij dosen ; riban of silk, vij yerdes brode
riban of silk for girdels ; shetes of Holand cloth, a paire of
iij bredes ; blankettes, a paire ; hosen, ij paire ; bonettes,
ij ; gloves, xviij paire ; brusshes, iij of heth.

To oure said Souverayn Lorde the Kyng a demy
gowne of grene velvet and a gowne of grene damask, bothe
gownes lyned with blac satyn, ij tipettes of blac velvet,
ij hattes vj bonettes, by vertue of a warrant undre the
Kinges signet and sign manuelle bering date xvij day of
August in the xxu yere of the mooste noble reigne of oure
said Souverain Lorde the Kyng unto the saide Piers Cour-
teys for the deliveree of the said stuff directe,

Velvet, vj yerdes j quart' of divers colours ; damask, vj
yerdes grene ; satyn, xj yerdes di' ; hattes ij ; bonettes vj.

150 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

To cure saide Souverain Lorde the King a loose
gowne of purpulle velvet double sette lined with blac satyn,
a doublet of blac satin made and lined accordingly with
a base of a jaket and a stomacher, both of blac satyn ;
a loose gowne of purpul clothe of gold upon satin grounde
furred with ermyns ; a loose gowne of velvet upon velvet
blac clothe of gold furrid with ermyns ; a streite gowne of
crymysyn clothe of gold uppon satyn grounde lined with
blac satyn, and a doublet of blac satyn ; a pane of scarlet
furrid with used ermyns di' yerde of purpul velvet forto
lyne with an hatt by the bordure; a paire of long spurres
parcelle gilt. Delivered also unto Richard Andrewe
hosier iij yerdes and iij quarters puke forto make of iij
paire of hosen, and to have into the said office of the
Roobes within oure saide Souverain Lordes the King moost
honourable household the parcels of stuff ensuyng, that is
to say, iiij paire of shetes of Bruselle clothe everiche of
ij bredes; iiij hattes of wolle; viij bonettes; a groos pointes
of sylk of divers colours; xxiiij laces of silk of divers
colours ; viij yerdes di' brode riban of silk for girdels ; and
xij combe coverchieffes everiche of an elle of Holand clothe,
Scarlet xij yerdes ; puke, iij yerdes iij q' ; ermyns, vj
tymbre di', xvj bakkes newe, xxxij tymbre bakkes used ;
velvet double sett, v yerdes ; pouderinges, iij MCCCiiij x;
clothe of golde ix yerdes di, uppon satin grounde purpulle
and crymysy; tisshue cloth of gold, iiij yerdes di' blac
velvet upon velvet; satyne blac, xvj yerdes and a naille ;
Holand clothe, xix elles di' ; busk, an elle ; shetes of Brus-
selle cloth, iiij paire of ij bredes ; spurres, a paire longe
parcelle gilt ; hattes iiij of wolle ; bonettes viij ; pointes,
a groos of silk of divers colours; laces xxiiij of silk of divers
colours ; brode riban, viij yerdes di' of silk.

To oure saide Souverayn Lorde the Kyng to have
into the office of his Roobes within his moost honourable

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 151

householde ; a clooke rnaade of blac chamelet lyned with
blac clothe, and the cape lyned with blac velvet ; ij tipettes
made of blac velvet ; ij par' of grene hosen and ij paire
hosen of blac puke. And to have of divers stuff necessarie
into the said office for the store and were of oure said
Souverain Lorde the King the parcels of stuff hereafter
named, that is to vvitt, vj brusshes of hethe ; di'lb' of white
threde ; di' lb' of Bruges threde ; ij paire of botews sengle
above the knee of Spaynyssh leder and tawny leder; ij
paire of botews of Spaynyssh rede leder ; a paire of blac
botews sengle above the knee ; iij paire of sloppes of
tawny leder and Spaynysshe leder; iij paire sloppes of rede
Spaynyssh leder of divers sortes ; a paire of sloppes of blac
leder not lined ; a paire sloppes of blue Spaynyssh leder
not lined ; and a paire of sloppes of tawny Spaynyssh leder
lined with velvett ; iiij paire of shoon of blac leder of divers
sortes ; and ij paire of shoon of Spaynyssh leder double
soled of divers sortes ; a paire shetes of Brusselle clothe
for foteshetes of ij bredes; a paire of botews of blac leder
double soled above the knee,

Blac clothe, iiij yerdes ; blac velvet, ij yerdes and
iij q'; chamelett, xvj yerdes di' quarter parcelle of a
pece cont' xvij yerdes di' ; hosen, ij paire grene, ij paire
blac puke ; brusshes, vj of heth ; threde, di' lb' white,
di' lb' blue Bruges ; botews of divers leders and divers
sortes, ij paire sengle soled above the kne of Spay-
nyssh leder and tawny leder ; ij paire of rede Spaynyssh
leder ; a paire of blac sengle soled above the knee ; j
pair of blac leder double soled above the knee; sloppes
of divers leders and divers sortes, iij paire of tawny
leder and Spaynyssh leder; iij paire of rede Spaynyssh
leder of divers sortes ; a paire of blac leder not lined ; a
pair of blue Spaynyssh leder not lined, a paire of tawny
Spaynyssh leder lined with velvet ; shoon of divers leders

152 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

and of divers sortes, iiij paire of blac leder of divers sortes,
and ij paire of Spaynyssh leder double soled of divers
sortes ; shetes, j par' of ij bredes of Brusselle clothe ; bootes,
a paire of rede Spaynyssh leder, a paire of tawny Spay-
nyssh leder, a paire of blac leder.

Delyvered for the coveryng and garnysshing vj of
the Bookes of oure saide Souverain Lorde the Kinges,
that is to say, oon of the Holy Trinite, oon of Titus Ly vjus,
oon of the Gouvernal of Kinges and Princes, a Bible, a
Bible Historialle, and the vjthe called Frossard,

Velvet, vj yerdes cremysy figured ; corse of silk, ij
yerdes di' and a naille blue silk weying an unce iij q'
di'; iiij yerdes di' di' quarter blac silk weying iij unces;
laces and tassels of silk, xvj laces; xvj tassels, weying to
gider vj unces and iij q' ; botons, xvj of blue silk and
gold ; claspes off coper and gilt, iij paire smalle with roses
uppon them; a paire myddelle, ij paire grete with the
Kinges armes uppon them ; bolions coper and gilt, Ixx ;
navies gilt, CCC.

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 153

FOR TH OFFICE OF THE STABLE.

Delivered for to lyrie with a foote cloth of velvet iij
yerdes of long blac bokeram, unto Joh'n Cheyne Squier
for the body of oure said Souverain Lorde the King and
Maister of his Hors; receyved by the handes of Joh'n
Frysley clerk of the Kinges Stable by vertue of a warrant
under the Kinges signet and signe manuelle bering date
the xxiiij" day of Juylle in the xxtl yere of the mooste noble
reigne of oure said Souverain Lorde the King unto the
saide Piers Curteys for the deliveree of the saide bokeram
directe,

Bokeram longe, iij yerdes blac.

Delivered for covering and making of xvij hors har-
neys of grene velvett, wherof vij barneys for coursours and
oon harneys for an hoby, alle garnyssht with agelettes of
silver and gilt and bordured with spanges of silver and
gilt the saide vij harneys lyned with blac bokeram, by
vertue of a warrant under the Kinges signet and signe
manuelle bering date the xxvj day of Juylle in the xx" yere
of the moost noble reigne of oure said Souverain Lorde
the King unto the saide Piers Curteys for the deliveree of
the said stuff directe : and viij yerdes of cry mysy velvet
for covering of x hedstalles and x broderayns for x hobyes
and palfreys the whiche the Kinges highnesse and goode
grace yave unto my lady Duchesse of Bourgoingne,

Velvet : viij yerdes cry mysy ; xvij yerdes di' grene ;
bokeram longe, xvij yerdes di', boght by yond the see ;
agelettes, M1 Iij of silver and gilt weying CC Ixxj unces
and iij quarterons ; spanges, of silver and gilt

weying Civ unces.

154 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

Delivered for the covering of a sadelle and an herneys
in russet velvet cloth of gold for an hakeney, and a foote-
clothe maade of russet velvet lyned with blac bokeram, by
vertue of a warrant under the Kinges signet and signe
manuelle bering date the second day of Septembre in the
xxti yere of the moost noble reigne of oure said Souverain
Lord the King unto the saide Piers Courteys for the de-
liveree of the said stuff directe,

Velvet, iij yerdes russet ; velvet cloth of gold, ij yerdes
di' russet ; bokeram longe, v yerdes.

Deliverede for the covering of a sadelle of astate ij yerdes
of purpul velvet clothe of golde, by vertue of a warrant
undre the Kinges signet and signe mauuelle beringe date
the xj day of Septembre in the xx yere of the moost noble
reigne of oure said Souverain Lorde the Kyng unto the
saide Piers Courteys for deliveree of the saide stuff directe,
Purpulle velvet clothe of gold, ij yerdes.

Deliverede for covering of iiij saddles and iiij harneys,
wherof iij saddles and iij harneis covered in blac velvet,
and a sadel and a harneis covered in grene velvet; and
iiij foteclothes of velvet lyned with bokeram, wherof iij of
blac velvet and oon of grene velvet, by vertue of a warrant
undre the Kinges signet and signe manuelle bering date
the in the xxtt yere of the moost noble

reigne of oure said Souverain Lorde the King unto the
said Piers Courteys for deliveree of the said stuff directe,

Velvet, xxxij yerdes grene and blac ; bokeram longe,
xij yerdes.*

* Here follows in the MS. a general Inventory of all the articles mentioned
in the preceding pages, entitled " The foote of the deliveree of stuff,"

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 155

YIFTES YEVEN ASWELLE UNTO THE RIGHT HIGH AND
MYGHTY PRYNCE THE DUKE OF YORK, SON UNTO OURE
SAYD SOUVERAYN LORDE THE KYNG, AS UNTO OTHER
DIVERS LORDES AND ASTATES AND OTHER DIVERS PER-
SONES BY THE KINGES HIGHNESSE AND GOODE GRACE.

To the right high and myghty Prynce the Duke of
Yorke, son unto oure said Souverayn Lord the Kyng for
covering of an harneys and a sadelle for hym, by the
vertue of a warrant undre oure saide Souverain Lordes the
Kinges signet and signe manuelle bering date the xxviij"
day of Aprille the xxu yere of his mooste noble reigne unto
the said Piers Courteys for deliveree of the said stuff
directe,

Velvet cremysy, j yerde di' ; velvet uppon velvet grene
clothe of golde, j yerde and a quarter.

George Lufkyn Sergeant taillour of the grete Warde-
robe of the Kyng oure saide Souverain Lorde to have the
parcelles of stuff here in the lower margin specified for
to make of certeyn garmentes for the apparaille and arraye
of a warde unto the Kinges highnesse and goode grace
apperteignyng and belonging, by vertue of a warrant undre
oure said Souverain Lord the Kinges signet and signe
manuelle bering date the xj day of May the xx yere of
oure said Souverain Lorde the King moost noble reigne,
unto the said Piers Courteys for deliveree of the said stuff
directe,

Chamelet, vij yerdes violet, a pece blac ; satyn, vj
yerdes blac ; velvet, iiij yerdes blac ; bokeram longe, a
pece ; Holand clothe, an elle ; busk, ij elles.

156 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

To the Lorde Howard to have of the yift of cure saide
Souverayn Lorde the Kyng, by vertue of a warrant bering
date the xij day of May the xxu yere of the mooste noble
reigrie of oure said Souverain Lorde the King unto the
saide Piers Courteys directe,

Blac velvet, ix j'erdes.

To the College off oure Lady or chapelle of oure Lady and
Saynt George within the Castelle of Windesore, to have of
the yifte of oure said Souverain Lorde the King the parcelles
of silke here in the margyne named, by vertue of a warrant
bering date the xxiiij day of May the xxyere of the mooste
noble reigne of oure said Souvesain Lorde the King unto
the saide Piers Curteys for the deliveree of the saide silkes
directe,

Velvet of divers colours : xv yerdes of white velvet with
blac spottes ; xxvij yerdes of blue velvet with braunches ;
xix yerdes of blac velvet with white spottes; xj yerdes
iij quarters white velvett braunched.

To the right highe and myghty Prince Richard Duke
of York to have the parcelles of silkes hereafter named,
receyved by Sir Thomas Grey Knyght his chamberleyne,
that is to witt, v yerdes of blac satyn and v yerdes of pur-
pulle velvet for lynyng of the same gown ; v yerdes of grene
satyn for a gowne, and ij yerdes di' of blac sarsinett for
lynyng of the same gowne, by vertue of a warrant bering
date the second day of Juyne the xxu yere of the mooste
noble reigne of oure said Souverain Lorde the King unto
the saide Piers Courteys for the deliveree of the said stuff
directe,

Velvet purpulle, v yerdes ; satyn, x yerdes ; blac sarsi-
nett, ij yerdes di'.

KINO EDWARD THE FOURTH. 157

To th'Erle off Warrewyk to have for his were and use,
iiij peire of shoon double soled and a peire of shoon of
Spaynyssh leder sengle soled, by vertue of a warrant undre
the Kinges signe manuelle and signet bering date the
second day of Juyn in the xxu yere of the moost noble
reigne of our said Souverain Lorde the King,

Shoon : iiij paire double soled ; a payre of Spaynyssh
leder sengle soled.

To George Grey son and heyre of th'Erle of Kent, to
have of the yift of oure said Souverain Lorde the Kyng
ayenst the mariage of the same George, a gowne of blue
velvet lyned with blac satyn, a gowne of cryinysy velvet
lyned with blac satyn, and a demy gowne of blac velvet
lyned with blac satyn, by vertue of a warrant undre the
Kinges signe manuelle and signet bering date the xxvj
day of Juyn in the xxu yere of the moost noble reigne of
oure Souverain Lorde King Edward the mjtbe,

Velvet of divers colours, xxvij yerdes ; satyn blac, xxvij
yerdes.

Edward Stanley oon off the cupberers of oure said Sou-
verain Lorde the King to have of the yift of the Kinges
highnesse and goode grace ix yerdes chamelet, v yerdes of
sarsinette, ij yerdes of tawny satyn, and ij yerdes of blac
satyn, by vertue of a warrant undre the Kinges signe
manuelle and signett bering date the ix day Juylle in the
xx" yere of the moost noble reigne of oure said Souverain
Lord the King,

Chamelet, ix yerdes; satyn, iiij yerdes; sarsinett, v
yerdes.

To Dame Anne Wyngfeld to have of the yift of oure
said Souverain Lorde the Kyng, x yerdes of blac velvet

158 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

serigle, by vertue, of a warrant under the signe manuelle and
signette of oure said Souverain Lorde the Kyng bering
date the xv day of Juylle in the xxtl yere of the raoost
noble reigne of oure said Souverain Lorde the Kyng unto
the said Piers Courteys for deliveree of the said x yerdes of
velvet directe,

Velvet, ix yerdes sengle.

To the Colleg off Wyndesore to have of the yift of
oure said Souverain Lorde the Kyng xxx yerdes iij quarters
white damask with floures, of divers colours ; and to William
Berkeley and Joh'n Rysley to either of hem ij yerdes of
tawny satyn, by vertue of a warrant undre the Kinges
signet and signe manuelle bering date the xix day of Juylle
in the xx11 yere of the moost noble reigne of oure said
Souverain Lorde the Kyng unto the saide Piers Courteis
for deliveree of the saide stuff directe,

Damask, xxx yerdes and iij quarters white with floures
of divers colours ; satyn, iiij yerdes tawny.

To the saide College off Wyndesore to have of the yift
of oure saide Souverain Lorde the King xiij yerdes rede
velvet tisshue cloth of gold ; xiij yerdes blue velvet tisshue
cloth of gold ; xiij yerdes white velvet tisshue cloth of gold ;
and vij peces bawdekyns of silk, by vertue of a warrant undre
the Kinges signet and signe manuelle, bering date the
xxijtl day of Juylle in the xxtl yere of the moost noble
reigne of oure said Souverain Lorde the Kyng unto the
saide Piers Courteis for deliveree of the said stuff directe,

Velvet, tisshue cloth of gold, xxxix yerdes of divers
colours ; bawdekyns of silk, vij peces.

To th'Erle of Warrewyk to have of the yifte of oure said
Souverain Lorde the Kyng for his use and were, a peire of

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 159

shoon sengle soled of blue leder; a paire of shoon of
Spaynyssh leder ; a paire botews of tawny Spaynyssh
leder ; and ij paire shoon sengle soled ; and to Sir William
A Parre Knyght to have of the yift of oure said Souverain
Lorde the King for covering of his brygandyns, iij yerdes
and iij quarters of crymysyn cloth of gold uppon satin
grounde ; and unto the Maister off the Kinges Barge ayenst
the commyng of the righte high and right noble Princesse
Lady Margarete the Duchesse of Bourgoingne suster unto
our saide Souverain Lorde the Kyng, a gowne of blac
chamelet, by vertue of a warrant undre the Kynges signet
and signe manuelle bering date the xxiiiju day of Juylle in
the xx" yere of the moost noble reigne of oure said Sou-
verain Lord the Kyng unto the saide Piers Courteys for
deliveree of the said stuff direct,

Cremysyn clothe of gold the grounde satyn, iij yerdes iij
quarters ; chamelet, ix yerdes di' ; Shoon j j paire sengle of
blue leder ; a paire of Spaynyssh leder sengle soled ; ij
paire blac ; Botews, j paire of tawny Spaynyssh leder.

To the saide College off Wyndesore to have of the yift
of oure said Souverain Lorde the Kyng, xx yerdes blue
velvet, and xx yerdes of purpulle velvet, by vertue of a warrant
undre the Kinges signet and signe manuelle bering date
the vj day of August in the xxu yere of the mooste noble
reigne of oure saide Souverain Lorde the Kyng unto the
saide Piers Courteys for deliveree of the said stuff directe ;
and over this unto oure Souverayn Lady the Quene and to
Lady Elizabeth the Kinges doughter for ij gownes for them
had of the Kynges yift, by vertue of an other warrant bering
the same date, xv yerdes of grene tisshue clothe of gold,
by vertue of the saide warrant here above reherced,

Velvet, xl yerdes of blue and purpulle ; tisshue cloth of
gold, xv yerdes grene.

160 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

To the Argenter off Fraurice to have of the yift of oure
saide Souverain Lorde the King xij yerdes of scarlet, and xij
yerdes of violet in greyne, and Ixvj yerdes and iij quarters of
blac velvet, and xij yerdes of clothe of silver hached uppon
satyn grounde, by the Kinges highriesse and goode grace
yeven unto divers astates and gentils, being attending and
awaiting uppon the person of the right high and right noble
Princesse Lady Margaret Duchesse of Bourgoingne suster
unto oure said Souverain Lorde the Kyng, by vertue of a
warrant undre the Kinges signet and signe manuelle bering
date the xvj day of August in the xx'1 yere of the moost
noble reigne of oure saide Souverain Lorde the Kyng unto
the said Piers Courteys for the deliveree of the saide stuff
directe,

Scarlet, xij yerdes; violet in greyne, xij yerdes; velvet,
Ixvj yerdes and iij quarters; clothe of silver, xij yerdes
hached uppon satyne grounde.

To the righte highe and right myghty Prince Edward by
the grace of God Prince of Wales Duke of Cornwayle
and Erie of Chester, the firstbigoten son of oure said
Souverayn Lorde Kyng Edward the iiijthe, to have of the
yift of oure said Souverain Lorde the Kyng, v yerdes of
white cloth of golde tisshue for a gowne, by vertue of a
warrant undre the Kinges signet and signe manuelle bering
date the xvij day of August in the xxli yere of the inooste
noble reigne of our said Souverain Lorde the Kyng unto
the said Piers Courteys for the deliveree of the said clothe of
gold directe,

White clothe of gold tisshue, v yerdes.

To the right high and myghty Prince the Duke of
York, son unto 'oure said Souverain Lorde the Kyng, to have
of the yift of his highnesse and goode grace, v yerdes of

KINO EDWARD THE FOURTH. 1£1

purpulle velvet for a gowne ; v yerdes of grene velvet for a
gowne; iiij yerdes di' of grene damask for a gowne; a
yerde di' of grene satyn ; ij yerdes di' of tawny sarsinet,
and v yerdes of white cloth of gold for a gowne, by vertue
of a warrant uudre the Kinges signet and signe manuelle
bering date the xvij day of August in the xx" yere of the
moost noble reigne of oure said Souveraiu Lorde the Kyng
unto the saide Piers Courteys for the deliveree of the said
stuff direct,

Velvet, x yerdes purpulle and grene; damask, iiij
yerdes di' grene ; satyne, a yerde di' grene ; sarsinet,
ij yerdes di' tawny ; tisshue cloth of golde, v yerdes white.

To the same right high and myghty Prince the Duke
of York to have of the yift of oure saide Souverain Lorde
the Kyng a inantelle of blue velvet lined with white damask
garnissht with a garter of ruddcur and a lase of blue silk
with botons of golde, by vertue of a warrant undre the
Kinges signet and signe manuelle bering date the saide
xvij day of August in the saide xxu yere of the inoost
uoble reigne of oure saide Souverain Lorde the King unto
the said Piers Courteys for deliveree of the said mantel,

Velvet, vij yerdes blue ; damask, vj yerdes white ;
garter, j of ruddeur ; lace, j of blue silk with botons of
golde.

To the right noble Lordes the Marquies Dorset and
ih'Erle Ryviers. to have of the yift of our said Souverain
Lorde the Kyng to either of hem iij yerdes white tisshue
cloth of gold for j short gowne, by vertue of a warrant
undre the Kinges signet and signe manuel bering date the
said xvij day of August in the said xxli yere of the inoost
noble reigne of oure sayde Souverain Lorde the Kyng unto

THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

the said Piers Courteys for deliveree of the said clothe
of- gold directe,

Tisshue clothe of gold, vj yerdes white.

To the Lorde off Audeley to have of the yift of oure
said Souverain Lorde the Kyng for covering of a peire of
brygandyns, by way of rewarde, by vertue of a warrant
undre the Kinges signet and signe manuelle bering date the
xxiiij" day of August in the xx" yere of the moost noble
reigne of oure said Souverain Lorde the Kyng unto the
said Piers Courteys for deliveree of the said clothe of golde,
-.'-> Clothe of gold, ij yerdes crymysyn uppon satyn
grounde.

To John Grantfforde oon of the yomen off the Crown to
have of the Kinges graunte xij yerdes of scarlet to perfourme
the Kinges pleasire and to delivere it unto suche personnes
as the Kinges highnesse hath yeven hym in commaunde-
ment, by vertue of a warrant undre the Kinges signet and
signe manuelle bering date the last day of August in
xx" yere of the mooste noble reigne of oure saide Sou-
verain Lorde uiito the said Piers Courteys for deliveree
of the said scarlet direct,

Scarlet, xij yerdes.

To Sir Thomas Montgomery and Sir Thomas Borough
Knyghtes for the Body, to have of the yift of oure saide
Souverain Lorde the Kyng for the covering of theire
brygandyns, that is to say, to the said Sir Thomas Mont-
gomery ij yerdes and a quarter of cremysin clothe of gold
upon satin grounde in stede of damask grounde ; and to
the saide Sir Thomas Borough ij yerdes di' of crymysyn
clothe of gold uppon satyn grounde in stede of damask
f rounde, by vertue of a warrant undre the Kinges signet

•

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 163

and signe manuelle bering date the last day of August
in the xx11 yere of the moost noble reigne of oure said
Souverain Lord the King unto the saide Piers Courteys for
the deliveree of the saide cloth of gold directe,

Crymysyn cloth of gold uppon satyn grounde, iiij yerdes
and iij quarters.

To the Lorde Marquies and th'Erle Ryvers to have of
the yift of oure said Souverain Lorde the King to either
of them ij yerdes di' purpulle clothe of gold uppon satyn
grounde,

Purpulle cloth of gold upon satyn grounde, v yerdes.

Delyvered for to make off a pilion for the right high and
right noble Princesse Lady Margarete Duchesse of Bour-
goingne suster unto oure said Souverain Lorde the King
to her delivered ayenst her going into Flaundres ayen,

Clothe of gold, iij yerdes and a quarter blue and pur-
pulle ; bokeram, ij yerdes ; frenge, vj unces di' of blue and
purpul silk ; frenge, xj unces di' of Venys gold.

And to divers off the Kynges servantes aswelle of his
mooste honourable Chambre as other divers Officers of divers
of his Offices and other divers men by the Kinges highnesse
and goode grace assigned and appointed to attende and
awaite uppon the conveying and bringing over the see of
the right high and right noble Princesse Lady Margarete
Duchesse of Bourgoingne suster unto oure said Souverayn
Lorde the Kyng to have of the Kinges yift ayenst the
same tyme, jakettes of wollen clothe murrey and blue,
the names of whiche personnes hereafter ensue and folowe:

William Rither and a man to awaite uppon hyin, either
of hem ajaket of blue and murrey clothe; George Chey-
newe and a man to awaite uppon hym, to either of hem a

164 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

jakett of blue and murrey clothe; Thomas Thwaytes a
jaket of blue and murrey clothe ; Richard Bunteyn and a
man to awayte uppon him, to either of them a jaket of
blue and murrey clothe; Rauf Newham a jakett of blue
and murrey clothe ; Oly vere Guyon a jaket of blue and
murrey ; William Acham, Thomas Philippe, Roger Riche-
mond and a man to awayte uppon hym, Davy Morice,
John Coket, Humfrey Reynforde, John Kendale, Thomas
Fremanne, Henry Walker, Richard Scopeham, Edmond
Mille, James Worseley, William Kyghley, Rauf Dowelte,
Richard Cartemaille, John Davy of Fowy, Richard Leder,
Thomas Brampston, William Parker, John Walforde,
John Greyson, John Hamerton, Henry Sambrooke,
Thomas Pyne, John Asteley, Thomas Granford, John
Lightfoote, John Besteney, James Warner, John Wil-
shawe, Thomas Hullok, Henry Langtone, Nicholas Whit-
feld, John Nevelle, William Dobinson, Thomas Dobinson,
John More, John Guylle, John Hudde, William Peny,
John Conner, John Jewelle, Thomas Jackson, Richard
Tod and a man to awaite uppon hym, Richard Halle,
William Grenerigge, Thomas Heywode, Thomas Stan-
hope, Davy Fyssher, Robert Bray, Thomas Sparovve, John
Hovy, William Thorneton, Thomas* Ryder, Thomas
Smythson, and Osberne Walyngton, x servauntes of Sir
Edward Wydevile Knyghte, iiij servantes of Sir James
Ratclif Knyght, ij servantes of Tayes, and ij servantes of
Barcy, a servant to awaite uppon Thomas Dobinson and
William Dobinson, to everiche of hem a jaket of murrey
and blue cloth :

And also unto Parker of Dover, Robert Wilson,
Thomas Ustewayte, John Apris, Geffrey Chirke, iiij men
to awaite upon William Berkley, and iiij men to awaite

* This word hat been entwd.

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 165

uppon Thomas ap Roger Vaghan, to everiche of hem a
a jaket of murrey and blue :

iiij vij persones -»

f C persones in alle.
xiij persones J

Clothe murrey and blue, C yerdes.

To Sir Edward Wydevile and to Sir James Radcliff,
Knyghtes for the Body of oure saide Souverain Lorde the
Kyng, to have of his yift ayenst the conveyance and
bringing over the see of the right highe and right noble
Princesse Lady Margarete Duchesse of Bourgoingne sus-
ter unto oure said Souverain Lorde the Kyng, to either of
theyme a yerde of velvet purpulle and a yerde of blue
velvet for theire jakettes to be made of:

And to Darcy and Tay, Squiers for the Body of our*
said Souverain Lorde the King, ayenst the saide convey-
ance of the saide right highe and right noble Princesse, to
either of theym, for theire jakettes, a yerde of purpul
satyn and a yerde of blue satyne, by vertiie of a warrant
undre the Kinges signet and signe manuelle bering date
the xviij day of Septembre in the said xx" yere of the
said moost noble reigne of our said Souverain Lorde th«
King unto the said Piers Courteys for the deliveree of the
said stuff direct; and to either of the said Darcy and
Tay an barneys complete ; and to William Berkley and
Thomas ap Roger Vaghan, to either of hem, for theire
jakettes a yerde of purpulle satyn and a yerde of blue
satyn, by vertue of the same warrant:

Velvet, ij yerdes purpulle, ij yerdes blue ; satyn, iiij
yerdes purpulle, iiij yerdes blue ; harneya, ij complete.

To Thomas Hatthe oon off oure wardes to have the
parcelles of stuff here after ensuyng of the yift of oure
said Souverain Lorde the Kyng for his apparaille and

166 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

arraye, that is to witt, a long gowne of russet clothe furrid
with white lambe, a longe gowne of chamelet furrid with
bogy shankes and bogy, a demy gowne of russet lined
with blac clothe, a doublet of velvet, a doublet of chamelet,
a jaket of blac satyne, iij tipetes of blac velvett, a hatte,
ij bonettes, iiij paire of hosen, poyntes laces aud riban of
silk for girdelles weying in alle iiij unces, di' groos of leder
poyntes, iiij paire of shoon, ij paire of slippers, a paire of
botews, and viij elles of Holand clothe for shertes stomach-
ers and coverchieffes, by vertue of a warrant undre the
Kinges signet and signe manuelle, bering date ,

Blac clothe, a yerde di' ; russet clothe, iij yerdes iij
quarters di' ; white lamb, xxxij skynnes ; bogy, a furre of
blac shankes, iij skynnes blac ; velvet, ij yerdes di' blac ;
satyn, a yerde blac ; chamelet, viij yerdes blac ; riban of
silke, iiij unces for girdels pointes and laces ; Holand clothe,
viij elles ; hosen, iij paire ; bonettes, ij ; hatt, j of wolle ;
poyntes, di' groos of leder ; shoon, iiij paire sengle soled
blac ; slippers, ij paire ; botews, a paire.

Delivered unto the maister of the Kinges barge aud
unto xxiiij bargemen to make of xxv jakettes garnyssht
with smalle rooses enbroudered ; and unto iiij other per-
sones to have of the Kinges yift viij grete roses enbrou-
dered ayenst the commyng to London of the right high and
right noble Princesse Lady Margarete Duchesse of Bour-
goingne sustere unto oure saide Souverain Lorde the Kyng,
Clothe, blue and murrey, xvj yerdes ; roses enbroudered,
xlviij smalle, viij grete.

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 167

THE FOREYN AND OWTWARDE DEL1VEREE OF STUFF
FOR THAPPARAILLE OFF THE SAYDE MAISTER AND VIJ
HENXEMEN.

To John Cheyne Squier for the Body of oure said Sou-
verain Lorde the King and Maister of his Henxmen for
th'apparaille of the saide Maister and vij of the Kinges
Henxemen ayenst the feste of Midsomer in the xxli yere of
the mooste noble reigne of oure saide Souverain Lorde
the King, by vertue of his warrant undre his signet and
signe manuelle bering date the xxix" day of May in the
said xx" yere of oure said Souverain Lorde the King
mooste noble reigne unto the saide Piers Curteys for
deliveree of the said stuff directe, that is to witte, viij
longe gownes maade of vij peces purpulle chamelett and
of a pece of blac chamelett, lined with xxxij yerdes of blac
sarsinett ; and also xxxij yerdes of blac sarsinet delivered
for lynyng of viij longe gownes of wollen clothe, and xvj
yerdes di' of blac satyn, and xvj yerdes di' of tawny satyn,
for xvj doublettes for the said maister and vij Henxemenne,
Satyne, xxxiij yerdes ; chamelet, viij peces ; sarsinet,
Ixiiij yerdes.

168 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS OF

FOB TH'APSAKAILLE OFF THE KYNGES* FOTEMBN.

To Robert Hert and John Topffeld the Kynges fate-
men, for theire apparaille, by vertue of a warrant undre
the Kinges signet and signe manuelle bering date the xviij
day of Juylle the xxtl of the moost noble reigne ofamre
saide Souverain Lord the Kyng to the said Piers Curteis
direct, asmuche velvet and chamelet as shalbe necessarie
to make of ij doublettes for either of them ; and also
asmuche velvette and ehamelet as shalbe necessarie
for two jakettes for either of them,

Velvet, iiij yerdes di' blac, iij yerdes purpalle and blue ;
chamelet, viij yerdes di' of divers colours.

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH. 169

THE SOMER CLOTHING OF DIVERS OFFICERS.

To the saide Piers Courteys whome the Kinges high-
nesse and goode grace hath assigned and ordeigned by
his highe commaundement to rule gouverne and kepe
his saide grete Warderobe, and al his goodes beyng within
the same, unto his moost honourable use safly to keepe,
and to make into the same his grete Warderobe provysion
ot all maner of stuff necessarie to and for his use and other
personnes at his said high commaundement, and to make
oute of the same his saide grete Warderobe deliveree of
stuff at alle tymes necessarie by his said high commaunde-
ment, aswel for his moost royalle person as for all other
personnes at his said high commaundement, for his liveree
of clothing for the feste of Witson tyde in the xx11 yere of
the mooste noble reigne of oure said Souverain Lorde the
Kyng, that is to witt, x yerdes of violet in greyne and a
pece of tartaryn,

Violet in greyne x yerdes, tartaryn j pece.

William Mistertone clerc of the same grete Warde-
robe for his Somer clothing for the said feste of Witson
tyde the said xxu yere of the moost noble reigne of oure
said Souverain Lord King Edward the iiijth% iiij yerdes of
Mustrevilers,

Mustrevilers clothe, iiij yerdes.

William Dunkam oon of the yomanne taillours of the
same grete Warderobe, for his liveree of clothing for the
season of Somer for the fest of Witsontyde, the said
xxti yere of the moost noble reigne of oure said Souverain
Lorde the King, iiij yerdes of Mustrevilers.

William Halle oon of the yomen taillours of the same

170 THE WARDROBE ACCOUNTS, &C.

grete Warderobe for his liveree of clothing for the season
of Somer for the feste of Witsontyde, the said xxli yere of
the mooste noble reigne of oure said Souverain Lord the
King, iiij yerdes of Mustrevilers,

Thomas Stanes Portitour of the same grete Warderobe,
for his liveree of clothing for the season of Somer for the
fest of Witsontyde the said xx" yere of the mooste noble
reigne of oure said Souverain Lord the King, iiij yerdes of
Mustrevilers.

Richard Huntingdon and Thomas Dancaster clerkes,
erly and late attending in the same Warderobe, for theire
liveree of clothing for the season of Somer for the feste of
Witsontyde the said xx1' yere of the mooste noble reigne
of oure saide Souverain Lorde the King, to either of them
iiij yerdes of Mustrevilers.

To the Rentgeder of the mansions and tenementes
apperteignyng and belanging unto the same Warderobe
for his hole rewarde for gadering of the said rente and for
the overseying of the reparacion of the same Warderobe,
and of the said mansions and tenementes, for his Somer
liveree ayenst the fest of Witsontyde the said xxu yere of
the moost noble reigne of oure said Souverain Lord the
King, that is to witt, for alle the tyme of this accompt,
Mustrevilers clothe, iiij yerdes.

Richard Sheldone and John Clerk, auditors of th' Es-
chequier of oure saide Souverain Lorde the King, to either
of hem for theire Somer liveree, iij yerdes of Mustrevilers
clothe ; and betwix them a yerde and iij quarters grene
clothe for half a countingclothe,

Clothe Mustrevilers, vij yerdes and iij q\

INDEX AND NOTES

TO THE

PRIVY PURSE EXPENSES

ELIZABETH OF YORK,

Z 2

INDEX AND NOTES.

ABINGDON, 51 52, 53, 56, 58,
59, 71, 74.

The queen appears to have heen
at Abingdon about the 8th Octo-
ber, 1502.

Acworth, Thomas, 18, 30, 45,
62, 93, 97, 104, 109.
Apparently one of the officers of
the queen's household, connected
with the department of the sta-
bles, the expenses of which he paid.

Adington, Robert, 93.

A tailor.
Ale, for, 79.

Almond butler brought, 2.

A usual present on Good Friday,
when common butter was not
permitted to be eaten. In the
ancient cookery temp. Richard the
Second, published by the Society
of Antiquaries in 1790, is this re-
ceipt for making " Botyr of Al-
mones. Take almonde mylk and
let hit boyle, and in the boyling
cast therto a lytel wyne or vine-
gar, and when it is sothen take
and cast it on a canvas abrode,
tyl it be colde, then take and geder
it togeder and hang it up in a
cloth a lytel while, then lay it in
colde water and serve it forthe."
D. Paid " in rewarde for a dish
of almon butter presented on Good
Friday, iij *.," occurs in the
household expenses of Thomas
Kytson, Esq., in 1575. — Gage's
History and Antiquities of Hen-
grave, p. 206.

Almoner, the king's, 42.

- the queen's, 31, 33, 67, 97.
Richard Payne, clerk. — See
PAYNE.

Almorys, for, 96.

" Cibutum," in the Promptorium

Parvulorum, in the Harl. MS.,
221, is translated by an " almery
of inete kepyng, or a save for
mete ;" and Palsgrave, in Les-
clarcissement de la Langue Fran,
coys, in 1530, has " almery to put
meat in, unes almoires." It ap-
pears, however, from this entry,
that almories were applied to
other purposes than for meat, as
in this instance they were used
for books : " and within the said
feretory on both north and south
side there were ambries of fine
wainscot, varnished and finely
painted, and gilt over with fine
little images very beautiful to be-
hold, for the reliques belonging
to St. Cuthbert to lye in." — The
Ancient Riles of the Church of
Durham, G.

Alms, money given in, 1, 5, 12,
23, 30, 32, 33, 37, 38, 50, 52,
56, 59, 62, 67, 78, 85.
The whole amount expended "in
almous " was only 9/. 11s. 5</.,
which was distributed in small
sums in the queen's progresses, in
gifts to old servants of her family,
or in the gratification of any sud-
den benevolent impulse. The
practice of giving alms on jour-
nies was common with all persons
of any consequence. " Delivered
to my Mrs. to give by the way in
her little purse." — Gage's History
of Hengrave, p. 203.

Altar cloths, for working on, 82,
83.

Altar cloths were frequently
richly embroidered, sometimes
with the name of our Saviour,
sometimes with the Order of the
Garter, the arms of the donor, &c.
Rich robes and vestments were
often bequeathed to be made into

174

INDEX AND NOTES.

altar cloths. Royal Wills and Tet-
tamenta Vetusta.

Alyn, Robert, 29, 35, 36, 41,
49, 53, 57, 58, 70, 71, 95.
Yeoman Usher of the queen's
chamber.

Anchoress, an, 67, 102.

A female am horite In the 1 8th
Edw. II. a piece of ground, in
St. Peter's, Cornhill, London,
which the parishioners had in-
closed and built upon, is said to
have been then the residence of
an anchoress ; and in the 4th
Edw. IV. " Alice Ripas Ancho-
ryse, inclused withynne the Cha-
pell of St. Eleyn of Pountefret,"
was protected by the Act of Re-
sumption in the enjoymentof 40s.,
which had been granted to her
by the king's letters patent. — Rot.
Part. i. 419 ; v. 546b.

Antill, 47.

Ampthill, in Bedfordshire. See
a note in the Privy Purse Ex-
penses of Henry VI1L, p. 295.

Anne, Lady, 9, 79, 94, 99.

The queen's sister, who married
Thomas Lord Howard, son and
heir apparent of Thomas, Earl of
Surrey (afterwards second Duke
of Norfolk). She had issue two
sons, both of whom died infants.
In the Privy Purse Expenses of
Henry VIL, on the 4th February,
1495, is an entry of 6s. 8rf., being
paid as the king's offering at her
marriage, which nearly fixes the
date of that event. See also Rolls
of Parliament, vi. 479, 511.
Anthem, for setting an, 2.

Antyne, William, 21.
A coppersmith.

Apothecary, John Eyrce, 49.
Apothecary's bills, 8, 48.
Apples brought, 4, 13, 30, 47,

53, 74.

Arbour, an, made in the Little
Park at Windsor, 31.
Apparently from the price, 4s. 8d.,
an arbour made of twigs only.

Arrerages, i. e. Arrears, 109.
Arrows, for a sheaf of, 58.

Arthur, Mr., 100.

One of the queen's servants.

Arundel, Earl of, 40.

Thomas Fitzalan, K.G. He suc-
ceeded to the earldom of Arundel
in 1487, and married the queen's
aunt, Margaret, daughter of
Richard Wydeville, Earl Rivers,
by whom he had, among other
issue, William, his son and suc-
cessor, and a daughter, Margaret,
who married her majesty's first
cousin, John de la Pole, Earl of
Lincoln, son of Elizabeth Duchess
of Suffolk, sister of Edward IV.
The Earl died in 1524.

Askew, Christopher, 20, 80, 104.

One of the queen's servants.
Attorney in the Common Pleas,
101.

William Mordaunt. See MOR-

the King's, 101.

James Hobert. See HOBERT.

Auditor, the Queen's, 101, 102.
Richard Bedell. See BEDELL.

Aulferton, Oliver, 94, 100.

Keeper of the Queen's Goshawks.

Aurum Reginae, 111.

" An ancient perquisite, belong-
ing to every queen consort during
her marriage with the king, and
due from every person who hath
made a voluntary offering or fine
to the king, amounting to ten
marks or upwards, for and in
consideration of any privileges,
grants, licenses, pardons, or other
matter of royal favour conferred
upon him by the king ; and it is
due in proportion of one tenth
part more, over and above the
entire offering or fine made to the
king, and becomes an actual debt
of record to the queen's majesty,
by the mere recording of the fine."
" In the reign of Hen. II. the
manner of collecting it appears to
have been well understood, and
it forms a distinct head in the
ancient Dialogue of the Exche-
quer, written in the time of that
prince. From that time it was
regularly claimed and enjoyed

INDEX AND NOTES.

175

by all the queens consort of
England until the death of
Henry VIII. ; though, after the
accession of the Tudor family,
the collecting of it seems to have
been much neglected," which
agrees with the fact of no sum
being entered under that head in
these accounts. " There being no
queens consort afterwards, until
the accession of James I., the
nature and quantity of the queen's
gold became matter of doubt, and
on the subject being referred to
the Judges, their report was so
unfavourable to the queen's claim,
that she never exacted it." In
the 1 1 th Car. I., the king, on the
petition of Queen Henrietta
Maria, issued his writ for levying
it ; but afterwards purchased it
of her for 10,000/., " finding it,
perhaps, too trifling and trouble-
some to levy ;" and since that
time no attempt has been made
to collect this revenue, the value
of which was nearly destroyed by
the abolition of military tenures
at the Restoration. — Blackstone1 a
Commentaries, i. 220, 222.

Avvdeley, Thomas, 10.
A mercer of London.

Axe, an, bought, 63.

Axletrees, bought, 103.

Bailly, Richard, 56.

Yeoman of the Queen's chamber.
- Robert, 6.

One of the servants of Lord
William Courtenay.

Baiting horses, for, 79.

Bangham, Lady Jane, 98.

This person had a son, named
Edward Pallet, who was brought
up at the queen's expense, in the
house with her Majesty's nephews
the young Lords Courtenay ; but
the cause of his being so favoured
does not appear. In the privy
purse expenses of Henry VII. are
entries of a payment of 2/. on the
10th January, 1496, to a woman
of Thistleworth, for keeping of
my Lady Jane Bongham's child
until the Easter following ; and
from entries on the 1st April, 13
Hen. VII., 15 March, 14 Hen.

VII., and 1 Aug. 15 Hen. VII.,

it seems that she was allowed 31. Gs.
per annum for the purpose. The
following entry in those accounts
on the 8th July, 1501, tends to
explain the circumstance of the
king's charging himself with the
expense of one of this Lady's
children: — " To Agnes Adams,
for kepyng and berying of Henry
Boagham, the king's godson,
I/. 6s. 8d." Her other son, Ed-
mond Pallett, was adopted by the
queen.

Banquet, an arbour made in
Windsor Park, for a banquet
for the queen, 31.

Baptiste, Elizabeth, 99.

Fraunceys, 100.

Two of the Queen's servants.

Barbour, Piers, 90.

One of the servants of Henry VII.
Among the extracts from the
privy purse expenses of that
monarch, in the Additional MS.
7099, in the British Museum,
are entries of payments to Piers
Barbor, for wine and gloves ; of
8s. paid him in January, 1503,
" for one that makes the king a
roll of his armes," and of a pay-
ment by him, of 9/. 6*. Qd. to
Mrs. Eleanor Johns, &c.

Barge, the Master of the, 94.
Lewis Walter. See WALT EH.

Barehides, for mending and li-
quoring, 15, 16, 37.
Barehides were hides used as co-
verings of packages, clothes, &c.
Katherine Lady Hastings, by her
will in 1503, gave her son " three
barrehides for carriage ; and two
barrehides for cloth sekks." In
the Privy Purse Expenses of Henry
Fill. p. 182, is an e"ntry of 81.
" for a bare hyde to cover the
king's barge;" and in the Ward-
robe Accounts of Edward IV., p.
1 23, " for sowing of the barehide
of the king's car."

Barge, the : notices of the queen
being conveyed in her barge,
and the expenses attending it,
6, 7, 15, 24, 60, 61, 73, 85,
94, 95
Like her son, Henry VIII., and

176

INDEX AND NOTES.

earlier sovereigns, the queen fre-
quently moved by water from Rich-
mond to Greenwich, and part of
her suite attended her in other
boats. — See a note in the Privy
Purse Expenses of Henry Fill.
p. 298. The whole amount spent
from March, 1502 to Feb. 1503,
for conveying the queen and her
suite by water, was 13/. Is. 4d.,
being about 2/. on each occasion.
The situation of master of the
royal barge was one of some im-
portance ; and in the Act of Re-
sumption 1 Henry VII., Robert
Savage was protected in the
grant of the office of master of
the king's barge. Rot. Par/, vi.
377- In the same year John
Calcote, citizen and painter, son
of " John Calecote, late of Lam-
beth, and maister of the barge to
the most Christian Prynce, King
Henry the VI1., late King of
England," obtained the reversion
of his father's attainder. Lewis
Walter was the queen's barge-
man.— See WALTER.

Barge, for tallowing and dress-
ing the queen's, and for ropes,
&c., for, 15, 81.

Barking, i.e., Berking in Essex,
Lady of, 4, 102.

Barton, Sir William, a priest for
singing, and for going on a
pilgrimage for the queen, 3,
102.

, Thomas, 23.

One of the queen's footmen.

Baskets, for, 4, 11, 19, 96.

These baskets were of various
kinds, some being provided with
locks, and others are termed
" trussing baskets/' and were
used for conveying large parcels
of goods.

Basons, for, 19.

Bath, Bishop of, 90.

Oliver King, who was translated
from Exeter in November, 1495,
and died in September, 1503.
This prelate rebuilt the Abbey
Church of Bath.

Baynard's Castle, 20, 23, 25, 26,

39, 54, 64, 69,71,73, 74,78,

79, SO, 87, 88, 93.
Baynard's Castle, keeper of the

garden at, 98, 102.
According to Stow, Baynard's
Castle continued to be the pro-
perty of the Barons Fitz Walter
until the early part of the fif-
teenth century, but he was not
aware of the manner in which it
was alienated from them. In the 7
Hen. VI. 1428, he found, he says,
that after a great fire there, it was
rebuilt by Humphrey, Duke of
Gloucester, on whose attainder in
J446 it fell to the crown. It was
soon afterwards granted to Ri-
chard Duke of York, who lodged
there in 1457 ? and in 1460 his
son Edward, afterwards Edward
IV., resided there when he de-
posed Henry. To this it may be
added, that Henry VI., in 1447,
granted the house which belonged
to the Duke of Gloucester, with
all the appurtenances in the pa-
rish of St. Andrew, within the
ward of Baynard's Castle, to the
provost and scholars of St. Ma-
ry's College, Cambridge. — Rot.
Parl. v. 132b. In 1455, " the
grant made of the place at Ba-
nardes Castell, late bildyd by
oure uncle the Duke of Glouces-
ter," was resumed into the king's
hands. — Ibid. 309. Certain com-
missioners, who were appointed
to administer the effects of the
duke, were authorized in 1455 to
take possession " of a place some-
tyme callid the duks warderobe
atte Baynardes Castell in Lon-
don, otherwise called Waterton's-
alley."— Ibid. 339b. In the 13th
Edw. IV., the College of St.
Mary's was specially protected
in the enjoyment of the grant of
the lands at Baynard's Castle. —
Ibid. vi. 91. It was the resi-
dence of Cecily, Duchess of York,
during the reign of her son Ed-
ward IV., and after his decease,
Richard III. dated the first in-
strument on assuming the re-
gal functions, from " a certain
high chamber near the chapel in
the house of Lady Cecily, Duchess
York, near the river Thames,
called Baynard's Castle in

INDEX AND NOTES.

177

Thames-street, London." — Fve-
dera, xii. 189; and as, in 1480,
certain articles of Edward's robes
(p. 122, ante) were carried thi-
ther from Greenwich, it may be
inferred that he then visited his
mother. In 1487, Stow says, that
Henry repaired, or rather new
built, the house in a beautiful
manner, and mentions many oc-
casions on which Henry resided
there. These entries relate chiefly
to repairs at Baynard's Castle and
to the removal of furniture to and
from it ; but we learn from them
that the queen passed several
days there, about the 19th No-
vember, 1502 ; and she seems to
have stopped there for a short
time previously to going to the
Tower in December following.
Five shillings are stated to have
been paid for making an arbour
at Baynard's Castle in the 18th
Hen. VII. — Additional MS. 7099.

Beale, mad, 104.

This entry is so imperfect, that
it can only be suggested that the
sons of a deranged person of the
name of Beale were charitably
supported by the queen.

Beasts, for painting, 36.

It is possible these drawings of
beasts were intended as designs
for tapestry, G.
See PAINTING.

Bed, for working on a rich, 82.
Ample evidence exists of the ex-
traordinary richness and value
of beds in the 13th, 14th, and
15th centuries. Every kind of
ornament, arms, flowers, devices,
scriptural subjects, animals, &c.,
was embroidered on them, and
they sometimes had particular
names, and were not unfre-
quently strictly entailed on the
possessor's heirs. The bed here
alluded to must, from its being
described as " the rich bed,"
have been one of unusual splen-
dour ; and three men and three
women were employed on it from
fourteen to fifty-two days each.
" A bedde he had ryght well

ydyght

With ryche clothus of ryght
gode aray."

Legend of St. Ede of Wil-
ton, stanza 296.

Bed of Tourney, a, 39. See
TOURNEY.

Bedelle, Richard, 101, 102.
The queen's auditor.

Bedford, fee farm of the town of,
109.

Beds, page of the queen's, 4, 10.

groom of the, 1 1 .

• wardrobe of the, 15.

yeoman of the, 51, 81.

Bedstead, for making a, 51.

Bedmaker, a, 65.

Beer, given to friars in charity,
56, 57.

Beer brewer, 56.

Belknap, Mrs. Margaret, 13,
38, 52, 99.

One of the ladies in attendance
on the queen's person. Query,
if she was the Margaret Belknap,
daughter of Sir Richard Knollys,
and widow of Henry Belknap,
Esq., who died in 1488, and by
whom she had Sir Edward Belk-
nap, a privy councillor to Henry
VII. and Henry VIII. ? She was
living in 1488, after which time
nothing has been discovered about
her.

Bell, John, his child christened,
28.

The queen was, most probably,

one of the sponsors.
Bellows, a pair of, bought, 19.

Belly, John, 45.

Yeoman of the Queen's Stuff.

Berkeley, 43, 44, 45, 46, bis, 49,
50, 60, 62.

The queen seems to have been at
Berkeley from the 29th August
to the 4th September, 1502.

herons, 64, 66, 67.

Query, Berkeley Harness, or De-
mesnes ?

Berkhampstead in Hertfordshire.

the under keeper of, 30.
Beverston, 49, 60.

In the hundred of Berkeley?
in the county of Gloucester. A
small castle rebuilt by the Thomas
Lord Berkeley who is mentioned
by Froissart. See Leland's Itine-
2 A

178

INDEX AND NOTES.

rary, vol. vi. p. 68. " T. Lorde
Berkeley was taken prisoner in
France : hut after recovering his
losses with French prisoners at
the battle of Poyteres builded the
castell of Beverston thoroughly."
D.

Birche, Sir Robert, priest, for
singing1, 102.

Birds brought, 54.

Bits bought, 97.

Bishop of the King's Chapel on
St. Nicholas' Even, 76.
" A gift to the Boy-Bishop for
saying Vespers in the King's
Chapel on St. Nicholas' eve. In
the Wardrobe Account of the 28th
Edw. I., published by the Society
of Antiquaries, fo. 25, is a similar
item : " 7a die Decembris, cuidem
episcopo puerorum dicenti vespe-
ris de Sancto Nicholao coram
Rege in capella sua apud Heton
juxta Novum Castrum super Ty-
nam, et quibusdam pueris venien-
tibus et cantantibus cum episcopo
predicto de elemosina ipsius Re-
gis per manus Domini Henrici
Elemosinar' participantis inter
pueros predictos xls." The His-
tory of the Boy-Bishop is too well
known to require observation. G.
In the extracts from the Privy
Purse Expenses of Henry VIII. in
1512, in the Additional MS., 7100,
is this entry on the 5th December
(St. Nicholas' Day), " To St.
Nicholas, bishop, in reward,
Gl. 13*. 4d."

Bishops, new year's gifts of the,
90, 91.

Blades for knives, 96.

Blake, William, 109.

This person bought the wardship
and marriage of John Carew, the
son and heir of Sir John Carew,
Knt., for which he paid 251.

Blakemore, 45, 46, 66.

In the hundred of Westbury,
in the county of Gloucester.

Boat-hire, 5, 6, 12, 27, 33, 34,
68, 96, 98.

The usual wages of each rower
was 8d. a day, whilst the master
of the queen's barge received
double that sum : the hire of a

boat from Greenwich to London
was 4rf. We find that 2s. 4</. were
paid for boat hire from Richmond
to Greenwich ; Is. from Rich-
mond to London ; 3</. from West-
minster to London ; and that for
rowing from Baynard's Castle to
Westminster the rowers were
paid 4d. each, whilst the master
of the barge received a whole
day's wages, viz. \Gd. The mas-
ter of the other boats received
always double what the rowers
were paid. The price of a boat
from Gravesend to the Tower and
back, was, it seems, 3s. 4d. As
the rowers were paid so much
each for their services, the sums
paid " in reward " for boats, pro-
bably meant for the hire of them
above and below London Bridge.
" The hire of a barge with vj
men and the master" for going
therein to court on May-day, 1575,
was ix s., " and for ij botes in com-
ing up with the men ijs. viijd.,
and in reward amongst the barge-
men xijrf.' " — Gage's History of
Hengrave,

Bolok, John, 82.
An embroiderer.

Bolton, John, 45.

One of the queen's servants.

Bolts, for, 20.

Boards, for, 74.

Bone, Mrs, Margaret, 99.

One of the queen's gentlewomen.

Bonfires, for making, on the
Eves of St. John the Baptist
and St. Peter, 26.
Strutt observes, " On the vigil
of Saint John the Baptist, com-
monly called Midsummer eve, it
was usual in most country places,
and also in towns and cities, for
the inhabitants, both old and
young, and of both sexes, to meet
together, and make merry, by the
side of a large fire, in the middle
of the street, or in some open and
convenient place, over which the
young men frequently leaped, by
way of frolic, and also exercised
themselves with various sports
and pastimes, more especially
with running, wrestling, and
dancing. These diversions they
continued till midnight, and some-

INDEX AND NOTES.

179

times till cock-crowing." " At
London," says Stow, " in addi-
tion to the bonfires on the eve
of St. John, as well upon that
of St. Peter and St. Paul, every
man's door was shaded with green
birch, long fennel, St. John's wort,
orpin, white lilies, and the like,
ornamented with garlands of beau-
tiful flowers. The citizens had
also lamps of glass, with oil burn-
ing in them all night, and some
of them hung out branches of
iron, curiously wrought, contain-
ing hundreds of lamps, lighted at
once, which made a very splendid
appearance." — Stow's Survey :
Sports and Pastimes, 316, 317.
See Gage's History of Hengrave,
p. 198, for further illustration of
the pastime called the Midsum-
mer Watch, when it was custo-
mary to enter the houses of indi-
viduals in the city to examine the
state of their arms.

Bonnets, for, 92, 98, 104.

Bonnets, as is shewn by Strutt,
were used as well by men
as by women. They were com-
monly made of cloth, and were
sometimes ornamented with
jewels, feathers, gold buttons,
&c. Thus we find bonnets bought
for the use of the queen and for
the use of her nephew, Lord
Henry Courtenay ; and in the
Privy Purse Expenses of Henry
VIII. bonnets are mentioned, as
being bought for his majesty,
p. 15. See also BONNETS, in
the Index to the Wardrobe Ac-
counts of Edward IV. In a cu-
rious letter from Edward IV.
when Earl of March, and his
brother, the Earl of Rutland, to
their father, after thanking his
" noblesse and good fadurhood "
for the green gowns he had sent
them, they request him that they
might have " summe/ywe bonetls
sende un to us by the next seure
messigere, for necessite so re-
quireth." — Ellis's Original Let-
ters, First Series, 1. 10.

night, a, 17.

for fetching, 14.

Bonvice, Jerome, 105.

A Laurence Bonvice is mentioned

in the Privy Purse Expenses
of Henry F1I, as having received
2068/. 4*. lid. on the 26th May,
9 Hen. VII., " to employ for the
king, which must be repayed : "
and on the 1st June following,
1340/. 11*. Irf. to buy wools for
the king's use.

Books bought, 98, 105.

for making a chest to put

books in, in the Queen's
Council Chamber, 96.

Bostall, 40.

In the hundred of Ashenden,
in the county of Bucks. An in-
teresting account of an ancient
house at Borstall will be found iii
Kenuet's Parochial Antiquities,

Botery, William, 9, 67.

A mercer of London.
Bourne, Mrs., 38, 51.

One of the queen's gentlewomen.

Bowl, a, 4.

• • a washing, for the queen of

Scots, 19.

Bow, the queen's offering at, 22.

Bradow, Beatrix, 100.

Rocker to Lord Henry Courtenay.
See ROCKER.

Braggs, Emma, 100.

Rocker to Lady Margaret Cour-
tenay.

Brampton, Richard, 95.

Gentleman of the queen's pantry.
By the description of " yeoman of
the king's pantry," he and Tho-
mas Fysh, serjeant of the pantry,
were protected in the enjoyment
of the office of keepers of the
manor, park, gardens, and warreu
of Shene ; and Brampton was
also protected in the enjoyment of
the office of keeper of the park of
Rowndhagh, in Yorkshire, by the
act of Resumption, 1 Hen. VII.,
1485. Hot. Part. vi. 381a & b

Brawderers. See Embroiderers.
Bray, 106. See Cokeham.
Bray, Lady, 10, 18, 21, 23, 28,
bis, 52, 53, 54, 57, 67.

Probably Katherine, daughter of
Nicholas Hussey, esq., and widow
of Sir Reginald Bray, E.G. and
Knight Banneret. She made her
2 A 2

180

INDEX AND NOTES.

will on the 15th of December,
1507, in which she ordered her
body to be buried in the College of
Windsor, near her husband, and
died before the 7th of February
following, without issue. In the
Privy Purse Expenses of Henry
PH., in March, 1495, is an entry
of II. 6s. 8d. being paid her for an
image ; in the next year \L 2*.
for stools and skrenes ; and in
Sept. 1498 of 20s. for the queens'
minstrels.
Braybroke, James, 90.

He is often mentioned in the Privy
Purse Expenses of Henry VII. ; on
one occasion, as having received
9s. 8rf. for the painter, and on
another 40s. for Perkin Warbeck ;
and he appears to have been one
of the king's servants.
Breakfast, paid for a, 12.

Nine-pence was the price of the
breakfast of one of the queen's
gentlewomen.
Bread for, 79.

Brent, Mrs. Elyn, 6, 12, 18, 23,
25, 32, 34, 43, 53, 62, 99.
One of the queen's gentlewomen.
On the 12th April, 1499, 2/. 13s.
4rf. were "• delivered to Weston,
for the king, for Mastresse Brent;"
and in February following she
received 1 2s. for a fork of silver,
weighing three ounces. A Ro-
bert Brent was gentleman usher
of the queen's chamber, keeper
of Sandwich Castle, and verger
of that town, as well as pro-
vost of the town of Middleton,
in Kent, in the 1st Henry VII.,
(Rot. Part. vi. 378,) whose wife
or daughter Mrs. Elyn Brent pro-
bably was.
Bretayn, Agnes, 27.

Apparently the widow of a gold-
smith.

Brice, — 78.

Yeoman cook for the queen's
mouth.

Bricklayers, 80.

Bridge, the reward of a barge or
boat beneath the, scepe. See
BARGE.
Bridget, Lady, 29, 50.

Lady Bridget Plantagenet, the

queen's youngest sister, who was
born about the year 1481, and
having taken the veil, retired to
the monastery of Dertford, where
she died. See the INTRODUC-
TORY REMARKS.

Bright, John, 36, 49, 56, 58, 71,
72, 74, 95.

A page : his wages were eight-
pence a day.
Bristol, 42, 43, 44, 46.

It does not positively appear,
whether the queen visited Bristol
in her progress, but it is evident
that she was very near that city
on the 22nd of August, when she
offered at the chapel of St. Anne
in the forest of Kingswood.

, the fee-farm of the town

and barton of, 101, 109.
In the ?th and 8th of Edw. IV.,
1468, the sum of 102/. 15*. 6d. of
the farm of the town of Bristol
was settled for life on Elizabeth,
the queen of Edward IV., to be
received by equal portions in Mi-
chaelmas and Easter terms (Rot.
Parl. v. 625) ; and, by letters-
patent, dated 26th of December,
1487, Henry the Seventh granted
to his queen the same amount
" to be perceived and taken of his
ferme of his towne of Bristowe,
with the suburbes and the appur-
tenances of the same." — Rot. Parl.
vi. 446, which agrees with finding
that 5 1/. 7»- 9rf. were paid in
Easter term, 1502. In the act of
settlement upon Queen Anne
Boleyn, 31 March, 1530, 103/.
15s. 6d. was assigned her from the
Fee farm of Bristol, and 60/. out
of the manor and hundred of Ber-
tone jnxta Bristol.

Broad heads, for a sheaf of, for
shooting, 58.

Brocas, Benet, 111.

Receiver of the Duchess of Suf-
folk's rents.

Brown, John, 11, 15, 36, 39, 41,
42, 49, 50, 58, 75, 93,94,95.

Groom of the queen's beds. His

wages were 1 Qd. a day.
Browne, Mrs. Anne, 99.

One of the queen's gentlewomen :

her salary was 5/. per annum.

INDEX AND NOTES.

181

Brushes, for, 45,75.

Bryan, Henry, 5, 19, 25, 55, 68.

A mercer of London.

Brydges, Sir Giles, 47.

Of Coberley, in Gloucestershire,
father of John, first Lord Chandos,
and ancestor of the dukes of Chan-
dos. He was knighted for his
valour at the battle of Blackheath,
June 22, 1497 ; was sheriff of
Gloucestershire 15 Hen. VII. ;
and died in 1511.

Brymesfeld, keeper of the park
of, 38.

In the county of Gloucester. This
manor formerly constituted the
barony of the Lords Giffard of
Brimmesfield, and the house was
rased by the army of Edward II.
The manor was assigned to the
queen for her iointure, 21st of
February, ^ Hen. VII., 1492.—
Rot. Part. vi. 462b. It had been
held in jointure by Cecily, Du-
chess of York, and was after-
wards appropriated to the use of
Katherineof Arragon. D.

Buckles, laten, shoes with, 85,
86.

Buckles for the straps which
confined the shoe to the leg.

Buckingham, minstrel of the
Duke of, 78.

Edward Stafford, K.G., succeeded
his father as third Duke of Buck-
ingham in 1483, and was be-
headed and attainted in 1521. He
was the son of Katherine, daugh-
ter of Richard Wydeville, first
Earl Rivers, and was consequently
first cousin of the queen.

Buckram, for, 22, 44.

Bucks brought, 30, 35, 38, 44,

46, 47, bis, 48, 63.
Bucks given in reward, 38, 39.

These bucks were given, the one
to the officers of the queen's
stable, and the other to the king's
harbingers at Monmouth, together
with ten shillings for a feast.

for conveying, 45, 48, 67,

88.

Bukks Shire, i. e. Buckingham-
shire, 89.

Buknam, Ann, 53.

One of the queen's gentlewomen.

Bullok, Richard, 88.

A surgeon : his bill for attendance
on the queen's nephew, Lord
Henry Courtenay, amounting to
10*., was paid by her majesty.

Bulstrode, William, 6, 12, 30,36,
56, 58, 59, 88, 91.
It does not appear from these ac-
counts what office Bulstrode held
in the queen's household, but it
was evidently a confidential one ;
and, as his servant is spoken of,
he must have been a person of
some consideration. He was pro-
bably the William Bulstrode,
Esq., who was supervisor of the
will of Thomas Ramsey of Hu-
cham, in September, 1509. In the
llth Hen. VIII., 1520, a Wil-
liam Bulstrode was one of the
gentleman ushers. — Foedera, xii.
712 ; and a Lady Bulstrode is
thrice mentioned in the Privy
Purse Expenses of Henry VIII.
between 1529 and 1532.

Burton, Edmond, 4, 7, 12, 35,
49, 58, 71, 72.

Yeoman of the queen's chamber :
his wages were 1*. a day.

Burying, expenses for burying

a yeoman of the queen's

chamber, 97.
Burying men who were hanged,

expenses of, paid by the

queen, 14.

To bury the dead is one of the
" acts of mercy ;" and that duty
appears to have been very fre-
quently fulfilled by Henry VII.,
by his consort, the queen, and
by their son, Henry VIII. " To
the confraternities of the Miseri-
cordia in Catholic countries be-
long crowned heads and all the
first nobility, who frequently give
their personal attendance, in
masks, at funerals, as well as
contribute towards the charge of
burying the dead." — G. These
accounts record an instance of
two criminals being interred
at the queen's expense. In the
Privy Purse Expenses of Henry
VIII. the payment of the bu-
rial of a footman is said to
have been done by way of alms,
and many other persons were in-

182

INDEX AND NOTES.

terred at his cost. In those of
Henry VII. are entries for " the
burying of a man that was slain
in my Lady Grey's chamber 6s.
8d. :" and " for Wodecoks burial
21. Us. 2d." The following per-
sons were also buried at Henry
Vllth's charge : 27 February,
1494, " For Sir William Stanley's
burial at Syou 15/. 19*.:" 15
November, 1503, " to my Lord
Herbert, in lone by his bille for
burying Sir Richard Pole, 401. :"
" 8 December, 1499, for the bu-
rial of the Earl of Warwick, by
four bills 121. 8s. 2d. ob. :" " May,
1500, for the burial of my Lord
Edmund (the king's youngest
son) over and besides the Abbot
and Convent of Westmister, un-
rewarded, 2421. 11*. 8d. :" A° 16
Hen. VII., for burying of Owen
Tudor (third son of Owen Tudor
by Queen Katherine,) a monk at
Westminster, 3/. Is. 2d., which
entry agrees with one in the
churchwarden's accounts of St.
Margaret's, Westminster. "1501,
Item for the knell of Owen Tudor
with the bell, 6d." Nichols* Il-
lustrations of the Manners and Ex-
penses of Ancient Times p. 4.

" To Thomas Cornew, for burying
of Master Hasset 21. 12s. Id., and
" for burying young Percy at
Stony Stratford, 20s." Additional
MS. 7099. The expenses of the
burial of Lord Edward Conrtenay,
the queen's nephew, were only
41. 18s. 4d.— p. 103. Of those
persons, all excepting Stanley and
Hassett, were connected with the
royal family ; but as Lord Stan-
ley and the Earl of Warwick were
criminals, both having been be-
headed for treason, to bury them
may have been considered as " an
act of mercy."

Buskins for the queen's use, 85,
86.

Buskins are presumed by Strutt
to have resembled " the shoes of
the carpenter's wife in Chaucer's
Canterbury Tales, which the poet
says ' were laced high upon her
legs ;' and probably both of them
resembled the high shoes still
used in the country.'' — Dresses
and Habits, ii. 378. No earlier
example of the use of the word

has been found than in these Ac-
counts ; but Strutt considers that
the same article was meant by
lu,usiaux in the Romance of the
Rose, in the description of Pyg-
malion adorning the female sta-
tue he had made, who says he
does not put " houseaux" on her,
because, according to the printed
copies, she was not born at Pa-
ris : —

" N'est pas de housiaux estrinee
Car ele u'est pas de Paris n£e
Trop par fust rude cauchemente
A pucelle de tele jouvente."
but, according to the copy in the
Harltian MS. 4425, which Strutt
follows (Ibid. p. 236), because she
was so young that they would be
too rough for her, —

" Car pas n'estoit de saison nee
Ce fut trop rude chausement
A pucelle de telle jouvent."
See Houses in Roquefort's Glos~
saire de Langue Romaine. Bus-
kins are said to have been the
same article as is called sloppes in
the Wardrobe Accounts of Edward
IV. Strutt, Ibid. 345. The
entry in which the word oc-
curs proves that it was a kind of
large shoe suited for travelling, as
two pair were bought at the
queen's going into Wales, which
cost 4s. a pair. Buskins are not
mentioned in the Privy Purse
Expenses of Henry VIII. between
1529 and 1532. Strutt has however
cited an example from the Ward-
robe Accounts of that monarch in
1516 (Harleian MS. 2284), of the
delivery of two yards of black
velvet for making a pair : these
he thinks were for masking,
as he finds that crimson satin
buskins were used for the same
purpose, which were sometimes
ornamented with aglets of gold. —
Ibid. p. 345 : but this conjecture
is very doubtful, as there is evi-
dence that Henry wore buskins
and shoes of velvet, as well as
of leather; for, by a warrant
dated 28 June, 27 Hen. VIII.,
1535, the keeper of the great
•wardrobe was commanded to de-
liver " To Henry Johnsone, our
cordewaner, for twentie yardis of
velvette of dyverse colours, alle
of our greate warderobe. Item

INDEX AND NOTES.

for making of three paire of vel-
vette buskynnes and nine and
thirtie paire of velvetle skooys of
sundry colours for oure use alle
of oure greate warderobe. Item
for syxe paire of English lether
bootys, and syxe paire of Spanyshe
lether buskynnes.'''' — Archccologia,
ix. 252. " A cote and a cloket,
ij paire of hose, a doublet, a payre
ofbuskyns, and spurres, a halt, ij
cappes, and a payer of velvet
shoes," were the articles of which
Heiiry Bourchier informed his
mother, the Countess of Bath, he
stood in immediate need in June,
1551. — Gage's History and Anti-
quities of Hengrave, p. 141.

Butter, for, 14, 56.

brought, 5.

Bynfel, 3.

Cabrok, (i. e. Colnbrook near
Windsor) our Lady of, and to
an Hermit there, 31.
Cakes brought, 30, 38.
Calverd, Edmond, 13, 26, 32,
35, 36, 42, 44, 56, 71, 95.
Page of the Queen's Chamber.
His wages were 8d. per diem.
Candles, for, 83.
Candlesticks, for, 77.
Canterbury, Archbishop of, 14,
90.

Henry Deane was translated from
Salisbury to the See of Canter-
bury, on the 26th of April, 1501,
and is said to have died on the
15th or J6th of February, 1502
(query 1502-3) ; his successor
was William Warham, who is
stated to have been translated
from London 29th November,
1504, so that if these dates be
correct, the See was vacant for
two years. If, as is most proba-
ble, Archbishop Deane died in
February 1503, he was the per-
son mentioned on each occasion
in these accounts.

Friars Observant at, 57.

St. Thomas, St. An-

drean, and St. Augustin, and
our Lady of Undercroft, at, 3,
83, 84.

Capell, Sir William, Knt. 12.
Ancestor of the Earls of Essex.
Sir William was a merchant and
Alderman of London, and was
Mayor of that city in 1503 : his
conduct whilst filling that office
was made the ground, by Emp-
son and Dudley, for extorting
money from him ; and for refus-
ing to pay it, he was committed
to the Tower, where he remained
until the King's death. In the ac-
count of sums received by Emp-
son for the King's service, in the
Harleian MS. 1877, f- 47, in 1504,
is this entry : " For W. Capell
and Giles Capell his sonne, for
their pardons 1000/. ; by recogni-
zance, 900A, and 100£. in money."
Bacon says " he was condemned
in the sum of 2,700£., and com-
pounded with the king for 1,6001.;
and yet after, Empson would have
cut another chop out of him if
the king had not died on the in-
stant."— History of Henry VII,
The money which he lent to the
Queen seems to have been faith-
fully returned : he died in 1515.
See his will in Testamenta Fetusta,
p. 531, and a notice of him in
Collins' * Peerage, Ed. 1779, iv.
348.

Car, Close, the, 16, 46.

• for the repairs, &c. of the,

34, 103.

chare, the queen's, at

Christmas, 104.
See some remarks on the subject
of Cars, Chairs, Litters, &c., at
the end of the notes.

Cards to the queen to play at, 84.
See a note in the Privy Purse
Expenses of Henry VIII. on
CARDS, p. 306.

Carew, Sir William, 109.

John, his wardship and

marriage, 109.

Carlisle, Bishop of, 91.

Roger Leyburn, Archdeacon of
Durham. He died in November,
1504.

Carol, for setting a, 83.

The price of setting an anthem
was 20s. [see p. 2.] and of setting
a carol on Christmas Day 13*. 4rf.

184

INDEX AND NOTES.

Carp, a, brought, 2.

Walton, in his Complete Angler,
on the authority of Baker's Chro-
nicle, where these lines occur —
Hops and turkies, carps and beer,
Came into England all in a year,
says, " there was a time, about a
hundred or a few more years "
before he wrote, "when there
were no carps in England." But
that this is erroneous appears
from the Booke of St. Alban's,
from this entry, and from the
Privy Purse Expenses of Henry
Fill., where several persons are
mentioned as having brought the
king presents of carps. Juliana
Berners, however, states that
" the carpe is a deyntous fysshe ;
but there ben butfewe in Englande,
and therfore I wryle the lasse of
hym."

Carpenters, to, 80.

Carvenel, , 54.

One of the queen's servants. Pro-
bably the Piers Carvanell, who,
by the title of the king's " wel-
beloved and faithfull servaunt,ooii
of oure gentilman hushers of oure
chambre," was protected by the
Act of Resumption, 1 Hen. VII.,
in the enjoyment of the grants
made to him " of the tenements
and houses unto us belorigyng
within our pelece of Westmyn-
ster, oon with the kepyng of the
houses called Parydyse and Hell,
within the Hall of Westmynster,
and also the tenements whiche
Jamys Pryse late had and occu-
pied ; and also the keping of the
Purgatory within the said Hall,
whiche Nicholas Whytfeld late
had and occupied ; with the hous
under the Exchequer, called Le
Puttans House, with the towre
and hous called Grene Lates,"
&c.—Rot. Part. VI. 372b. By the
same act, Piers Carvanell, the
younger, was protected in the en-
joyment of the baileshipp of Car-
von in Cornwall. — Ibid. 359b.

Carver, the queen's, 100.

A note on the office of Carver will
be found in the Journal of Bishop
Beckington, pp 109,110. It ap-
pears from the Northumberland
Household Book, p. 302, that the

Earl's second son acted as his
carver, and his third son as his
sewer; and it is evident that
the office was one of much consi-
deration in all great establish-
ments. Chaucer says of the Squier

" Curteis he was, lowly, and ser-

visable
And carf before his fader at the

table."

See Leland Collect., vol.vi. Todd's
I/lust, p. 229. Cant. Tales, v
7831-2, 9646-7-
Catesby, Mrs. Elizabeth, 99.

One of the queen's gentlewomen.
Query if she was Elizabeth, wife
of George Catesby (who died circa
1506), daughter of the notorious
Empson. See Testamenta fatusia,
p. 475 ; and Pedigrees of the
Catesby family.

Caversham, our lady of, 50.

Cecily, Lady, 12.

Cecily Viscountess Welles, the
queen's sister, whom Hall says,
was " not so fortunate as fair."
She was asked in marriage by
the King of Scotland, for his
son, Prince James, which was
frustrated by political circum-
stances, and she became the wife
of John Viscount Welles, by
whom, who died in 1498, she had
two daughters, Elizabeth and
Ann, both of whom died young.

She married secondly,

Kyme, of Lincolnshire, but by
him had no issue ; and dying in
.... was buried at Quarera, in
the Isle of Wight. — Sandford's
Genealogical History of the Kings
of England, pp. 417, 418. A more
particular account of her will be
found in the INTRODUCTORY
REMARKS.

Chafer, for a, 19.

Chain, for a gold, with knots, 61.
In this and the next reign the
taste for gold chains was carried
to a great excess. They were
very generally worn by persons of
rank, and were often bestowed
by the sovereign and other su-
periors on their dependents, as
a mark of favour, the extent
of which was indicated by the
weight of the present. By the

INDEX AND NOTES.

185

Sumptuary Act of the 37 Edw.
III. 1363, artificers, tradesmen,
and yeomen, were forbidden to
wear chains, or any other article
of gold or silver. — Rot. Part. ii.
278, 281. Chains were frequently
bequeathed in wills ; and, from
the manner in which they are
often described, — for example,
" A chain of gold of the old man.
ner, with the name of God in
each part," anno 1397 ; " a chain
of gold with white enamel," anno
1537 ; " a chain of gold with a
lion of gold, set with diamonds,"
anno 1485 ; " a chain of gold, with
water flowers, "anno 1490; &c. —
an idea may be formed of their
workmanship and value. Sir
Thomas Parr, father-in-law of
Henry VIII., left by his will,
dated in 1517, to his son William,
his great chain of gold, worth
140/., which had been given to
him by that monarch, and which,
allowing for the workmanship,
must have weighed more than
two pounds troy. See Testamenta
Vetusta, article CHAINS, in the
Index. In 1531, a chain of gold
weighing 5J ounces cost 14/. 2*. 4rf.
and in October, 1532, a chain
made of gold, weighing 3 ounces,
cost 11 . 14*. — Privy Purse Ex-
penses of Henry VIII. It was
formerly the custom to wear the
George of the Order of the Gar-
ter, and the badges of other Orders,
suspended to chains instead of
ribbons ; and in old portraits, the
knights of various Orders are re-
presented with them in that man-
ner. It would seem that this
practice ceased about the com-
mencement of the seventeenth
century ; for, when James VII.
of Scotland revived the Order of
the Thistle in 1687, the following
passage was introduced into the
Statutes : — " And we having
considered that it was the ancient
custom for the sovereign and
knights brethren, on their daily
apparel, to wear the jewel of the
Order in a chain of gold or pre-
cious stones, and that the use of
ribbons has been brought in since
the Most Noble Order of the
Thistle was left off, and that

chains are not now in use, we
have, therefore, thought fit to
appoint the jewel of the said Order
to be worn with a purple blue
ribbon, watered or tabied. "

Chairs, coverings of, 27, 28.

Chamberlain, the king's, 83.

Sir Charles Somerset, K.G., Cap-
tain of the king's guard, and
afterwards Earl of Worcester,
was the king's chamberlain in
June, 1502. — Fandera, xiii. 13.

the queen's, 7.

pursuivant, of the

king's, 87.
Chamlet, 20, 44.
Chapel, bishop of, the king's, 76.

See BISHOP.

dean of, the king's, 31,

64.

90.

ministers of the king's,

— money given to the mi-
nister of, to drink at a tavern,
with a buck, 23.
A feast given them at the queen's
expense. A similar entry occurs
in the Privy Purse Expenses of
Henry VII., and appears to have
been a common practice.

• ~, rewards given to the

children of the, 54, 83.
In the act of Resumption, 13 Edw.
IV., Henry Abingdon was pro-
tected in the enjoyment of 40
marks per annum, which had been
granted him in May, 5 Edward
IV., " for the fyndyng instruction
andgovernaunce of the children of
the Chapell of oure Housholde."
— Rot. Parl. v. 594 ; vi. 86. In
the act of Resumption, of the 22
Edw. IV., Gilbert Banestre was
protected in the enjoyment of the
same salary for " their exhibition,
instruction, and governaunce." —
Ibid. vi. 200. Among the Privy
Purse expenses of Henry the
Seventh, is an entry of 21. being
paid " To the children of the
Chapel for singing Gloria in Ex.
celsis." Additional MS. 7099.

Chaplain of the bishop of Mur-
ray, a reward given to the, 67.
2 n

180

INDEX AND NOTES.

Chariot, to a poor man that

drove the, 51.

Charre, cotton russet for the
queen's.

See a Note at the end of the vo-
lume, on Chairs and Chariots.
Cheeses brought, 18, 33, 37, 44,

87.

These cheeses came from Lan-
thony Priory, near Gloucester,
and similar entries occur in the
Privy Purse Expenses of Henry
VIII., from 1529 to 1532.

Chepstow, 43, 49, 51.

The queen was at Chepstow on
the 28th of August, 1502, on
which day she seems to have cross-
ed the river Severn near that
place, and passed through Thorn-
bury on her road to Berkeley.

Cherries brought, 23, 30, 36.

It is said that Henry VIII. intro-
duced the Kentish cherries. Hol-
land in his additions to Camden,
states that Richard Harris, fruit-
erer, was employed for this pur-
pose, and that these cherries were
planted in many parishes near
Tenham. Archeeologia, vii., p. 1 1 9.
Be this as it may, it is evident
from these accounts that cherries
were not uncommon in England
many years before that monarch's
accession.

Chertsey, in Surrey, 17.

Chest, for making a, to put books
in, 96.

Cheverons, cloth of gold with, as
chair coverings, 28.
Apparently ornaments placed on
the coverings, in the form of the
heraldic ordinary, called a cheve-
ron. Proofs will be adduced, in a
subsequent note, of the frequent
use of heraldic terms in the de-
scription of apparel and other
articles.

Cheyne, Mrs., 77.

One of the queen's gentlewomen.

Chickens brought, 5, 54, 78.

Children, for the expense of, given

to the queen, 11, 40, 63, 105.

It appears that the queen adopted

two children, pae belonging to a

person called Maud Hamond, and
the other to Thomas Hoden ; and
that she paid the expenses of their
nutriture, which, in one case
amounted to IGs., and in the other
to \l. 6s. 8d. per annum, a differ-
ence which, perhaps, arose from
their ages. Children were also
given to her majesty's consort, and
in the Privy Purse Expenses of
Henry (he Seventh, is an entry of
20d. being paid " to Matthew
Johns for a child that was given
the king on New Year's Day." —
Additional A/5., 7099. The prac-
tice of giving children to the sove-
reign, as a New Year's gift, seems
to have been continued in the reign
of their son, as on the 28th of
December, 3rd Hen. VIII., 13*.
4d. were paid " to a woman that
gave the king two children." —
Additional MS., 7100.

Child of Grace at Reading,

making a shirt for, 50.
Children of the Privy kitchen, 91.

• •• King's Chapel.

See CHAPEL.

Chollerton, Arnold, 25, 42, 71,
72.

Yeoman usher of the queen's
chamber : his wages were Is. a
day.

Christenings, money given at,
28, 29.

The queen was probably a sponsor
on each of these occasions. Simi-
lar entries frequently occur in the
Privy Purse Expenses of Henry
VIII. Sir Thomas Boleyn's ac-
count of the baptism of Henry,
Duke of Alencjon, to whom Henry
the Eighth was godfather in 1519,
affords information as to the man-
ner in which the money given
by sponsors, at christenings, was
distributed, as well as of the pre-
sents usually made on those occa-
sions. Sir Thomas says, " he pre-
sented the queen, in Henry's
name, with the salt, the cup, and
layer of gold," and that the 100/.
which the king had " sent to give
in reward," was bestowed as fol-
lows. " First, the norice, oon
hundreth crownes ; to iiij rockers

INDEX AND NOTES.

187

of the yong duke's chambre, ij
hundreth crownes ; to iij gentle-
women of the queen's privy cham-
ber, called femmes de ret . . . . , a
hundred and fifty crownes, and at
the offryng, xx nobils." — Ellis'
Original Letters, First Series, i.
160.

Clarycords brought, 41.

" The clarichord is described by
Kircher, in his Musurgia Universa-
lis, as a Virginal. Luscinius throws
something like strips of cloth over
the strings, to damp their sounds,
and render the instrument more
fit for the use of a tranquil con-
vent. That the clarichords were
similar to spinnets, or, in fact, to
small harpsichords, appears from
the description given of them by
Luscinius (Musurgia, seu Praxis,
Musicee, 1536, p. 9,) ' Omnia haec
instrumenta habent plectra (sic
enim ilia vocant,) chordas diversis
in locis contrectantia,&c.' " — Note
by Mr. Ayrton to Ellis' s Original
Letters, Second Series, i. 272. A
clarichord is said by Chambers
to have been " of the form of a
spinette, but more ancient, and to
have had forty-nine or fifty keys,
and seventy springs." — To<l(fs
Johnson. Clarychords would seem
to have been of considerable value,
from 4/. being given in reward to
the person, apparently a foreigner,
who presented a pair to the queen,
were it not that only ten shillings
were paid for a pair in the same
year by Henry the Seventh. —
Additional MS., 7099. Among
the musical instruments which be-
longed to Henry VIII., were two
pair of claricordes ; and Skelton
thus speaks of the instrument : —

*' The clarichord hath a tunely

kynde,
As the wyre is wrested high and

low."

An extensive list, with valuable
notes, of musical instruments used
in the commencement of the 17th
century, will be found in the His.
tory ofHengrave, pp. 23, 24, where
virginals are often mentioned, but
clarycords do not occur. " The
Claricord is frequently represented
on ancient bas reliefs in churches,

both in France and in England,
which differs materially from the
Dulcimer." D.

Clegge, Hamlet, 21, 62.
One of the queen's servants.

Clerk of the works at Richmond,
18.
Nicholas Grey.

Cloaks, the queen's, 19, 54.

Cloaks made of velvet and sarsnet,
furred, &c. were also worn by
men. — Rot. Parl. ii. 2?9, 281 ;
iv. 227. And in the 3rd, 4th, and
22nd of Edw. IV., no person, under
the degree of a lord, was allowed
to wear a cloak or gown which
was not of sufficient length, " as
beyng upright, to cover his prevey
membres and buttocks," upon pain
of being fined 20s. — Rot. Parl. v.
505; vi.221.

Close carre. See CAR.

Closet, Clerk of the Queen's, 50.

Master Harding.
Cloth for, 25, 38, 74, 105.

given to divers persons,

74.

Holland, 17.

of gold, 28.

rich, of tissue, 66.

Clouds, embroidered, 83.
On beds, &c. See BEDS.

Cloughting, shoes for, 61.

Strengthening them with clout
or hob nails, and sometimes with
a thin plate of iron called a clout.
TodcFs Johnson. In Palsgrave's
" Lesclarcissement de la langue
Francoyse," ' cloute of a sho' is
translated, " ung talon ; ung de-
vant, ung debout."

Clowts, for, 103.

An iron plate to keep an axle-tree
from wearing. — Todays Johnson.

Coals, for, 83.

Coats, for, 20, 70, 76, 105.

- of Kendal, for the fool, 24.
Coberley, in Gloucestershire, 44,

51.

The very curious and ancient
manor-house of Coberley, which
is noticed by Leland, has been
lately pulled down. D.
'2 B 2

188

INDEX AND NOTES.

Coffer, a, 32.
Fraunces, 29.

Apparently the carriage of a coffer
belonging to a person called
Francis.

Cokthorp, to our Lady of, 3.

Colbronde, George, 84.

One of the queen's servants.

Coldharbour, to the keeper of,
91.

See this word in the index to the
Wardrobe Accounts of Edward IV.

Colts, expense of breaking in
and marking, 79.

Cokeham, 106.

In Berkshire. These lands and
Bray formed part .of the appur-
tenances of the manor of Strat-
feld Mortimer, which was as-
signed as part of the queen's
jointure in 1495. — Rot. Parl. vi.
464.

Cokkes, Richard, 56.

A beer brewer of London.
Conewey, John, a smith, 25.
Confeccionary, the, 90.
Confessor, the queen's, 32, 59.

Dr. Underwood. See UNDER-

for fetching him, 11.

Conserva cherries, brought, 30.
A conserve of cherries.

Conyngsby, Humphrey, sergeant
at law, 101.

Ancestor of the Earl and Countess
Coningsby. He was made Ser-
geant at Law in 1496, became
King's Sergeant in 1501, and in
the 2nd Henry VIII. was appoint-
ed a Judge of the King's Bench.

Cook, for the Queen's mouth, 78.
In the Act of Resumption, 28
Henry VI., anno 1450, "John
Gourney, Maister Coke for our
mouthe," and " Thomas Cateby,
Yoman Cooke for oure mouthe,"
are specially protected from its
effects. — Rot. Parl. v. 192, 195.
And a "Thomas Cornyssh, Squier,
Cooke for our mouthe," is pro-
tected in his annuity of \Ql. by the
Act of Resumption, 7th and 8th
Edward IV.— Ibid. p. 591.

A " Yoman Cook for the
mouth," and a Grome for the
Mouth formed part of the house-
hold of the Earl of Northumber-
land, in 1512. The duty of each
was " to attend hourly in the
kitching at the haistry for roist-
ing of meat at braikeiestis and
meallis." — Northumberland House-
hold Book, ed. 1827, PP- 41, 325,
326, 415. These offices still exist
- in the royal household.

Coope, John, 27, 103.
A tailor of London.

Coote, Henry, 92.

A goldsmith of London.
Coot's Place. See Cox's PI,ACE.
Cordener, i. e. Cordwainer, the

Queen's, 85.
Cornbury, in Oxfordshire, 35.

A lodge in the'forest? of Which-

wood, near Woodstock.

Cornish, — , 83.

William Cornish, jun. is men-
tioned in Burney's History of
Music, as a composer of this pe-
riod. The extracts from the
Privy Purse Expenses of Henry
the Seventh, in the Additional MS.
7099, present the following no-
tices of him. To Cornish, of the
King's Chapel, II. 6s. 8d. And
again, on the 31st December,
1502, 21. In the ?th Henry VII.,
" one Cornisshe" received " for a
prophecy in reward 12s. ;" who
was probably the same person.

Corpus Christi Day, a gown
fetched against, 33.
On this feast a splendid procession
always took place, and from the
description of the gown — cloth of
gold furred with pawmpilion —
sent for by the queen, she was
probably dressed in a sumptuous
manner on the occasion.

Cosham, in Wiltshire, 67.
Cosham Park, the Keeper of,
46.

In Wiltshire. It formed part of
the lands assigned to Elizabeth,
queen of Edward IV. the queen's
mother. — Rot. Parl. v. 627. Le-
land says " The mansion place at

INDEX AND NOTES.

189

Cosham Park appertained to the
earldom of Cornwall, and was
wont to be in dowage to the
queene of England." Itinerary,
ii., p. 28. D.

Cot's Place, 46, 49, 60.

Coates, near Cirencester, in Glou-
cestershire. The queen appears
to have been there on the 12th of
September.

Cotton, russet, 104.
Cotton, Dame Margaret, 25, 32,
63, 75, 76, 97.

This person had the care of the
queen's nephews and niece, the
children of her sister Katherine
by Lord William Courtenay, and
of her Majesty's protege", Edward
Pallet. It is difficult, if not im-
possible, to identify her, or either
of the individuals mentioned as
Anthony, Richard, and Sir Roger
Cotton. A Thomas Cotton of Cun-
nington, Esq., in his will proved
in 1517, speaks of his son Richard;
his uncle Richard, and his bro-
thers Richard and Anthony Cotton,
and his sister Margaret, a nun,
some of whom were probably the
persons here noticed. The name
of " George Cotton" and " the
three Cottons" are also men-
tioned as having shot with Henry
VIII. in the Privy Purse Ex-
penses of that monarch, between
1529 and 1532. A Sir Roger
Cotton, knight, was protected in
the enjoyment of the grant of the
lands of William Barley, Esq.,
by statute II Hen. VII. — Rot.
Parl. vi. 507. Henry VIII. paid
a visit to a Sir Robert Cotton in
January, 1511 ; and as the king
then offered to Our Lady of Wal-
singham, his seat was perhaps
near that chapel. — Additional MS.
7100. In the churchwardens' ac-
counts of St. Margaret's, West-
minster, in 1526, is an entry of
6*. Gd. being received from a
" Richard Cotton for his grave."
Nichols' Illustrations of Ancient
Times, p. 9.

. Anthony, 30.

Richard, 51.

Sir Roger, sister of, 75.

Counsel, queen's, the clerk of

the, 101, 102.
Chamber, keeper of

the Queen's, 101.

John Holand.

the Queen's,

for making a chest to put
books in, in the, 96.
Courser, a, brought, 89.
Couper, Sir Thomas, parson of

St. Bennetts, 25.
Courtenay, Edmond, Lord, 32.
Evidently a mistake for Edward.
See p. 103.

, Lord Edward, 20, 25,

32, 62, 70, 76, ter. 100, 103,
bis.

- Lord Henry, 20, 25,

62, 63, bis, 70, 75, 76, 77, bis,
79, 88, 100, 104.

Lady Katherine. See

KATHERINE.

Youngest child of King Edward
IV., wife of Lord William Cour-
tenay, and mother of the Lords
Henry and Edward, and Lady
Margaret Courtenay mentioned
in these accounts.

Lady Margaret, 25,

63, ter, 76, 77, bis, 79, 100.

Lord William, 6, 17.

Lord WillianVCourtenay, son and
heir of Edward, seventh Earl of
Devon, of that illustrious house,
married Katharine, youngest
daughter of King Edward IV.,
and died 9th June, 1511, having
had issue by her, Henry, who be-
came eighth Earl of Devon ; Mar-
garet, who died young, having
been choked with a fish bone ;
and, we learn for the first time,
from these accounts, a son Ed-
ward, who died on the 13th July,
1502 [p. 32, 63,] and the expenses
of whose funeral amounted to 41.
18s. 4d. [p. 103.] It appears
that their aunt, the queen, paid
the expense of their diet and
clothes ; that they were under the
care of Dame Margaret Cotton,
at a place belonging to Sir John
Hosy, in Essex, near Havering

190

INDEX AND NOTES.

at Bower ; that they were at-
tended by two female servants
and a groom ; and that she was
allowed only 13s. 4d. a week for
their and their servants' support.

Courtenay, Victor, 32, 84.
Page of the queen's chamber.

Coynfayts, i.e. Comfits, brought,
87.

Cowle for water, a, 4.

" A vessel in which water is car-
ried on a pole between two per-
sons."— TodcTs Johnson.

Crestener, Ralph, 102.

Crewell, black, to purfulle roses,
83.

" Yarn twisted and wound on a
knot or ball." — Todd's Johnson.
" Crule, or caddas, say set te" —
Palsgrave's Esclarcissement de la
Langue Francoyse, 1530. "A coote
and acappe of green clothe fringed
with red crule and lyned with
fryse," was part of the apparel or.
dered to be delivered for the use
of Sommers, Henry the Eighth's
fool, in 1535. Crule, of various
colours, also fringed his hoods,
&c. — Archceologia, ix. 249. The
word frequently occurs in the list
of furniture in the History of
Hengrave : " black and yellow
lace of crewell" p. 32 ; "fringed
with crewell" p. 34.

Crowham, Our Lady of, 3.

Crowmer, William, 6, 57.

Gentleman usher of the queen's
chamber. A Nicholas and Wil-
liam Crowmer were protected in
the enjoyment of the offices of
constable and porter of Pevensey
Castle in Sussex, in the Act of
Resumption, 1 Hen. VII. — Rot.
Part. vi. 374b. It was perhaps
the said Nicholas Crowmer who
was a gentleman usher to Ed-
ward IV. and attended his ma-
jesty's funeral. — Arch<elogia, i.
353.

a daughter of, 8, 57.

A nun in the Minories, to whom
2s. were presented by the queen
" in almous."

Bridget, 23.

One of the queen's attendants,

arid probably another daughter of
the said William Crowmer.

Crowmer, Mrs. Ann, 12, 99.

One of the queen's gentlewomen,
and probably the wifeor daughter
ofWilliam Crowmer above-men-
tioned. As she was paid her salary
at Christmas, 1503, the entry in
May, 1502, of 40s. in reward " at
her departing from the court,"
cannot mean that she then per-
manently quitted the queen's ser-
vice.

Croydon, 14.

The princess, widow of Prince
Arthur, appears to have been at
the Archbishop of Canterbury's
palace, at Croydon, in May, 1502.

Crotchets, for, 92.

Crane, a, brought, 51.

Cupboard cloths, 77.

Cloths used to cover cupboards,
which were a kind of side board.
In the list of furniture in Henry
VIII. 's palaces, in the Harleian
MS. 1419, "A large cupboard
carpet of grene cloth of gold, with
workes lyned with bockeram, con-
teyning in lengthe three yards iij
quarters," is mentioned; and the
word " cupboard" thus occurs in
it : — " Item, Two cuppbordes,
with ambries, ij tabells with tres-
tels, one forme, and one stoole."
" One table, and a cuppborde."
" A cuppborde joyned to the
wall, conteyning a holy water
stock of marble," &c. — See a note
to the Privy Purse Expenses of
Henry V11L, p. 313. Cupboard
is thus mentioned in Palsgrave,
Esclarcissement de la Langue Fran-
coyse, 1530 : " Cupborde of plate,
or to sette plate upon, buffet ;"
" cupborde to putte meate in,
drettoverj" and also, "Coupborde,
unes almoires." " Two joyned
coobards made fast to the wain-
skote." — History of Hengrave, p. 22.
" A large coobard carpett fur the
coobarde, of Turkeye work." —
Ibid. p. 26. In the Northumber-
land Household Book, among the
" linnen cloth" were, " For a
cupboard cloth of ij breids for the
sellar, iiij elnz viz. ij elnys longe
and ij yerdes brode a pece. A
single cupboard cloth for the said

INDEX AND NOTES.

191

sellar, ij elnys longe and a yertle
brode."— Ed. 1827, P- 16 1" the
list of persons to attend the earl
" at his horde daily, and have no
more but his revercion except
brede and drynk," were, " a yo-
man of the chambre to kepe the
cupborde at the sellar. A yoman
or a grome to awayte upon the
cupborde as panteler. A yoman
or a groome to awayte upon the
cupborde as butler." — Ibid. p. 362.
It was one of Lord Fairfax's
orders to his servants, in the mid-
dle of the seventeenth century,
" Let no man fill beere or wine
but the citpborderd-keeper, who
must make choice of his glasses or
cups for the company, and not
serve them hand over heade. He
must also know which be for
beere, and which for wine ; for it
were a foul thing to mix them to-
gether.— Ibid. p. 424.

Curtain, of beds, 65.

rings, 65.

Cushion, a, brought, 13.

for various, 28.

Cutlerd, Richard, 101.

Dachet ferry, the keeper of, 62.

to the ferryman at, 30.

Damask, for, 19, 25, 65, 69.

gold of, 8.

Dancing, to a maid of Spain that
danced before the queen, 89.
Apparently one of the servants
of Katherine of Arragon. Pay-
ments of this kind were extreme-
ly common. In the Privy Purse
Expenses of Henry VII.. are en-
tries of payments " to the woman
that sung before the king and
the queen in reward, 6s. 8d."
" To a woman that singeth with
a fiddle, 2s." " To the queen's
fiddler II. 6*. 8d." " To little
maiden the tumbler, 20*." Addi-
tional MS. 7099. See Strutt's
remarks on dancing, tumbling,
&C., in his Sports and Pastimes.

Darcy, Sir Thomas, 2.

Probably Sir Thomas Darcy, KG.
who was afterwards summoned to
parliament as Lord Darcy of
Chiche, and who was eminently

distinguished in the reigns of
Henry VII. and VIII. ; but in-
curring the displeasure of the
latter monarch, was beheaded and
attainted in 1538. His wife is
called in these accounts " Lady
Nevill :" he is stated to have
married to his first wife Dousa-
bella, daughter and heir of Sir
Richard Tempest, Knt., but whe-
ther she was the widow of a Knight
of the name of Nevill has not been
ascertained. In the 17th Henry
VII., Sir Thomas Darcy was sent
on an embassy to Scotland, and
the following entry occurs in the
Privy Purse of that sovereign.
" To Sir Thomas Darcy going in
embasade to Scotland 20/."

Darrell, Sir Edward, 89.

Of Littlecotes in Wiltshire, after-
wards vice-chamberlain to Queen
Katherine of Arragon, and a per-
son of some eminence in the reign
of Henry VIII. He was married
on the 25th April, 1512, as on
that day Henry VIII. offered at
his marriage, but whether the
lady was his first wife Alice,
daughter of Sir Richard Croft,
Knt., or his second, the daughter
of Lord Fitzwalter (Harl. MS.
807,) is uncertain.

Dartford, 49.

Davy, Edward, 9.

One of the queen's servants.

Davys, Mrs., 64.

Dean, Agnes, 46, 64, 100.

The queen's laundress. Her wages
were 31. 6*. 8d. per annum, and
she was allowed 4d. per diem
for food for her horse when at-
tending her majesty on her jour-
nies.

Dean of the King's Chapel, 64.

Dean, Little, and forest of Dean,
in Gloucestershire, to a person
who found iron there, 38.
In the reign of Edward II., the
tythe of a mine there was granted
to the Bishop of Landaff; and
in the 2nd of Edward III., that bi-
shop claimed the tenth of all iron
within the parish of Newland, as
impropriator, which was allowed.
— Rot. Part, ii., p. 13, 85.

192

INDEX AND NOTES.

Decouns, Richard, Mr., 1, 32,
100, 101, 102, 107.

The receiver of the revenues of
the queen's lands, and the keeper
of the expenses of her privy purse.
He belonged also to the office of
the Signet.
Deconson, John, 12.

Servant of the Prior of Hechyn.

Denouse, Richard, 100.
A minstrel.

Denton, Mrs. Elizabeth, 88, 99.
One of the ladies attached to the
queen's person, with a salary of
201. per annum. After her ma-
jesty's death, on the 23rd June,
1503, she was paid 202., probably
her wages, " for the queen's
debts." Privy Purse Expenses of
Henry FIL

• William, 100.

Carver to the queen. He was
specially protected in the enjoy-
ment of the carvership in the Act
of Resumption, 1 Hen. VII. —
Rot. Parl. vi. 356.

Denys, Mrs. Mary, 99.

A lady attached to the queen's
person.

Hugh, 41.

One of the queen's servants.

Derby, Earl of, 21.

Thomas, second Lord Stanley,
and first Earl of Derby, K.G.
He married Margaret, Countess
of Richmond, mother of King
Henry VII., and died in 1504.

Dertford, Abbess of, 29.

Lady Bridget Plantagenet, the
queen's sister, took the veil in the
abbey of Dertford. This notice
of the abbess was of a payment
to her of 3/. 6s. 8d. for the ex-
penses of her illustrious charge.

Desar. See DISAR.

Devon, Earl of, 6, 86.

Edward Courtenay, K.G., grand-
son and heir of Hugh, brother of
Edward third Courtenay Earl of
Devon. He was created Earl of
Devon 26th October, 1485, and
died in 1509. The " Lord Wil-
liam Courtenay," his son and
heir, married Katherine Plan-
tagenet, daughter of Edward IV.,

and the queen's younger sister
See COURTENAY, and the IN-
TRODUCTORY REMARKS.

Devizes in Wiltshire, 6'7.

the keeper of the park

of, 47, 48.

Dice, money for playing at, 52,
bis.

See a note in the Privy Purse Ex-
penses of Henry PHI., p. 315.

" Disguysing," the, 21, 78.

Disguisings, so termed from the
performers appearing disguised,
and which are the origin of mas-
querades, very nearly resembled
mumming, and were the chief
amusement at Christmas, and on
other great occasions, in the
houses of persons of rank from a
very early period. Strutt states
that " it frequently happened that
the whole company appeared in
borrowed characters, and full li-
cense of speech being granted to
every one, the discourses were
not always kept within the
bounds of decency ;" he adds
that they were particularly splen-
did in the reign of Henry VIII.,
and extended to the lower orders,
but that many irregularities
having arisen from persons going
in the streets in masks, it was
enacted by statute 3rd Henry
VIII., cap. ix., that no person
should appear abroad like mum-
mers, covering their faces with
visors, and in disguised apparel,
under the pain of imprisonment
for three months ; and a penalty
of 20*. was exacted from all per-
sons who kept visors in their
houses for the purpose of mum-
ming.— Sports and Pastimes, 223,
224. The entries in these Ac-
counts relating to the subject are
of payments for ornaments for
the jackets of the performers, and
of costs of the royal livery for
the trumpeters, and for various
minstrels, who assisted. An idea
of the expense attending these
amusements may be formed from
the following entries among the
Privy Purse Expenses of Henry
VII. and VIII., one of which
corroborates Strutt's statement:,
that persons of the highest" rank

INDEX AND NOTES.

193

condescended to take a part in
them. "• To Walter Alwyn in
full payment for the Disguising
made at Christmas, 14/. 13s. 4rf."
" To Jaques Haute for the Dis-
guising, 20/." At another time
" for his bille for his Disguys-
ings, }3l. 10s. 6d." " To my
Lord Suffolk, my Lord Essex, my
Lord William, and other, for
the Disguysing, 401" " To Peche
(qr. Patch the fool) for the Dis-
guising in reward, 261. 14s."
" To Lewis Adam that made dis-
guisings, 1(M." On the 2nd Sep-
tember, 1st Henry VIII. " For
the Disguysings before the Am-
bassadors of Flaundres, 601. 17s.
lief." In the Privy Purse Ex-
penses of the latter Monarch in
1532, is a payment of \\l. 3s. for
" masking gere when the King
was at Calys," p. 270.
Disar, to a, 53, 87.

Evidently the more ancient Dis-
sours or Sayers, and in French,
Conteurs or Jestours, literally
Tale-tellers, who recited either
their own compositions or those
of others, consisting of popular
tales and romances. Gower, de-
scribing a coronation of a Roman
Emperor., says —
" When every ministrell had

playde,

And every dissour had sayde,
Which was most pleasant in
his ear." — Strutt's Sports and

Pastimes, p. 162, 163.
The entry in p. 52 justifies the
idea that, in 1503, a Disar or
Desar was an actor as well as a
reciter. " To a Disar, that played
the Shepherd before the Queen,
in reward 3s. 4d.," which it is pre-
sumed meant the Shepherd in
the Adoration. From the entry
in p. 86, of money paid in reward
" to William Tyler, Desar, late
servant to the Earl of Oxford,"
and an entry in the Privy Purse
Expenses of Henry the Seventh,
in August 1498, of 6s. 8rf. be-
ing given " to my Lord of Ox-
ford's Jocular," it appears that a
Disar and a Jocular, like Min-
strels and Fools, then formed
part of the establishment of per-
sons of rank.

Does, brought, 81, 83, 84, 86, 97.

Dolbyn, Hugh, 9.

One of the Royal Servants.

Dorset, Receipt of the Queens'
revenues in the County of,
105.

Doublets, for making, 34, 46,
69, 93.

Dover, Our Lady of, 3.

Called " Our Lady in the Rock
at Dover," in the " Privy Purse
Expenses of Henry P77/.,'* p.
273. Henry himself paid 4s. 8d.
as his offering there on his land-
ing at Dover from Calais on the
14th November, 1532.

Droon, a Minstrel that played
on the, 2.

A Drum. " To a droner that
played on the drone, 10s. "
Privy Purse Expenses of Henry
VIII. " 1579. Paid to the soiers,
the ansyant bearer, and to him
that played upon the drone" —
Churchwardens' Accounts of St.
Margaret's, Westminster, in Ni-
chols's Illustrations of Ancient
Times, p. 19. The' person who
beat this instrument was also
called a " drombeslade" and a
" drounslate." — Privy Purse Ex-
penses of Henry VIII., 1532. p.
316.

Drops, for, 21.

An ornament on jackets used by
Mummers.

Drying money, to footmen, for
their, 81.

The word drying thus occurs in the
Churchwardens' Accounts of St.
Mary Hill, London, in 1527, and
is supposed by Dr. Pegge to mean
cleaning. " For drying of the
Pix for the sacrament against
Ester, 4e?." — Nichols's Illustra-
tions of Ancient Times, p. 109.
There is no difficulty in suppos-
ing that the Queen's footmen
received an allowance of money
for cleaning, whilst her Majesty
was on a progress.

Duffyn, John, 5, 32, 37, 47, 58,
66, 71, 72, 93, 94, 96.
A groom of the Queen's chamber.
His wages were lOd. a day.
2 C

194

INDEX AND NOTES.

Dung hill, for casting a, 79.

Durham, Bishop of, his resi-
dence in London, 61
The Princess Katherine was there
on the 6th November, 1502.

Dyer, to a, for dyeing cloth, 81.

Easthampstead, 52, 53, 57, 59,
72.

In Berkshire. The Queen ar-
rived there on the llth October,
1502, and remained some days.

Eching hoops of the wheels of
the car, for, 34.
"• To Eche" is to add to or in-
crease. Thus Chaucer —
" Delitith nought in wo thy wo

to seche
As doen these folis that ther

sorowes eche

With sorowe, whan they han
misavinture."

Troilus and Creseide, i. 705.
It was also used synonymously
with to lengthen. " For echyng
of a veil 10 elnes of lynnen cloth."
Churchwardens' Accounts of St.
Mary Hill, London, temp. Hen.
VII., printed in Nichols's Illus-
trations of Ancient Times, p. 98.

Edward, Lord.

Son of Lord William Courtenay,
by Katherine the Queen's sister.
— See COURTENAY.

Edward IV., King, servants of,
23, 30, 67, 77.

Edward, Prince, offering to, 3.
Query, if to the shrine of Edward
Prince of Wales, son of Henry
the Sixth.

Eggs, for, 14, 56.

Eldreton, Thomas, 103.

Apparently one of the Queen's
servants.

Elnestow, in Bedfordshire, Ab-
bess of, 37, 47.

Ely, Bishop of, 90.

Richard Redman, who was trans-
lated from Exeter in September,
1501 , and died 26th August, 1505.

Elyot, Richard, the Queen's At-
torney, 100.

According to Dugdale's Origines,
he was made a Sergeant at Law

in Michaelmas Term, 1505 ; but
he is described with that title on
the Rolls of Parliament two years
before, namely, in the 19th Hen.
VII., 1503, as a Commissioner
for Wiltshire in the collection of
the aid for Knighting the Prince.
Eliot was made a Judge of the
Common Pleas in April, 1514,
and died in 1520.

Elys, Roger, 37.

One of the Queen's servants.

Embroiderer, to the Queen's, 13,
55, 82, 86.

He was allowed Wd. a week for
his board wages, and 21. a year
for his house-rent.

Empson, Richard, 101.

The celebrated instrument of
Henry the Seventh's extortions.

Esterfeld, Mr., of Bristol, 43.
John Esterfeld was one of the
Commissioners in Bristol for col-
lecting the subsidy, in the 12th
Hen. VII., 1496.— Rot. Parl. vi.
518. He was sheriff of Bristol
in 1482 and May, 1484. Evans's
Annals of Bristol. A person of
the same name represented Bris-
tol in parliament in 1595 and
1597, and was mayor of that city
in 1594.

Essex, receipt of the Queen's
revenues in the county of,
109.

Eton, Our Lady of, 3.
Estate, a Cloth of, 66.

This entry minutely describes a
" Cloth of Estate," or the canopy
under which persons of high rank
generally sat.

Ewelm, 52, 59, 71.

In Oxfordshire. The Queen was
there on the 13th October, 1502.
This manor belonged to Wil-
liam de la Pole, Earl, Marquess,
and Duke of Suffolk, in conse-
quence of his marriage with Alice,
daughter and heiress of Sir Tho-
mas Chaucer, son of the Poet,
and was forfeited by the Duke's
attainder in 1450. It was, how-
ever, restored to his grandson and
heir, Edmond de la Pole (son and
heir of John de la Pole, Duke of
Suffolk, by Elizabeth, sister of

INDEX AND NOTES.

195

King Edward the Fourth), in
1495.
Evvry, office of the, 80, 90.

The office of the Royal House-
hold in which the Ewers or hasons,
&c., for washing the hands before
and after meals were kept. A
full account of this office, which
still exists, and of the duty of the
persons attached to it, will be
found in the Liber Niger Domus
Regis, Edw. IV., p. 83, printed
by the Society of Antiquaries, in
the " Collection of Ordinances
and Regulations for the Govern-
ment of the Royal Household,"
in 1790. Mr. Sharon Turner has
misunderstood what was meant
by " the Ewry," in his History
of the reign of Richard the
Third, as he speaks of Richard's
having " a palace in London,
called the Ewer."

Exeter, Bishop of, 90.

John Arundel, who was translated
from Litchfield and Coventry, on
the 29th June, 1502, and died
15th March, 1504.

Faggots, for, 80.

Fairford, 45, 46, 47, 49, 60, 67.
In Gloucestershire. It appears
that the Queen was there in Sep-
tember, 1502.

Fairfax, Robert, 2.

Robert Fairfax, upon which name
Fuller observes " a pulchro ca-
pillitio, from the fair hair, either
bright in colour, or comely for the
plenty thereof; their motto, in
allusion to their name Fare, fac
(say do) — such the sympathy it
seems between their tongues and
hearts, was of the Yorkshire
family of that name, was a Doctor
in Music of Cambridge, and was
incorporated of Oxford in the year
1511." He was an eminent Eng-
lish Composer during the reigns
of Henry the Seventh and Henry
the Eighth. Bishop Tanner says,
he was of Bayford, in the County
of Hertford, and that he died at
St. Albans, which Hawkins ob-
serves, " is very probable, for he
was either organist or chanter of
the Abbey church there, and lies
buried therein." His arms were

affixed over the place of his in-
terment, but have long been hid
by the seat of the Mayor of that
town. His curious collection of
MSS. by himself and other Com-
posers, were in the possession of
General Fairfax, upon whose de-
mise they formed part of the
Thoresby Collection. — See Bliss's
Wood's Fasti Oxonienses, i. 34.

Fastern, 45, 48, 97.

• Park, 86.

In Wiltshire. The park and
pasture of Fastern were part of
the Queen's jointure. — Rot. Parl.
vi. 462.

Fawn, a, brought, 18.

Feckenham, Receiver of the
Lordship of, 110.

Fee Farms, 109.

" A fee farm rent is a rent charge
issuing out of an estate in fee, of
at least one-fourth of the value of
the lands, at the time of its re-
servation : for a grant of lands
reserving so considerable a rent
is, indeed, only letting lands to
farm in fee-simple, instead of the
usual methods for life or years." —
Blackstone's Commentaries, ii. 43.

Feld, John, 28, 36, 40, 44, 59,
60, 87.

Groom of the Queen's Chamber.
His wages were six-pence a day.

Fent of gowns, 89.

" Fente of a gowne — fente." —
Palsgrave's Esclarci&sement de la
langue Francoyse. This word is
translated by cleft, rift, slit, &c.,
by Cotgrave. " Fente d'une che-
mise" is the bosom, and as this
entry relates to fur for the collar
and fent of a gown, it probably
meant the part over the bosom.

Fines, money received for, 1 10,

Firing, for, 45, 91.

Fishe, Thomas, 30.

Fitzherbert, Mrs. Elizabeth, 99.
One of the Queen's gentlewomen.
Perhaps this lady Avas sister of
Sir Anthony Fitz Herbert, one
of the Justices of the Common
Pleas in the next reign, and el-
dest daughter of Ralph Fitz Her-
bert, of Norbury, by Elizabeth
Marshal, his first wife. — G.
2 C 2

196

INDEX AND NOTES.

Fitz Williams, John, 9.

One of the Queen's servants.

Flannel, for, 94.

Fleming, Ann, called the great,
a gown given to, 69.
Perhaps the person who is thus
mentioned in the Privy Purse
Expenses of Henry the Seventh,
in August, 1503 — " To the long
Fleming for a horse." — Add. MS.
7099.

Flexley Abbey, 44, 46, 47.

• for offerings to

the high altar at, 38.
Flaxley, near Newnham, in Glou-
cestershire. This place was visited
in August, 1502, by the Queen
during her progress into Wales.

Flowers, for, 4.

Fool, William, the Queen's, for
his board, clothes, and ex-
penses, whilst sick, 6, 24,
26, bis, 61, bis.
Two shillings a month were
allowed for his board.

the Lord Privy Seal's, 91.

my Lord of York's, 2.

The fool of Henry, Duke of
York, afterwards King Henry
the Eighth. These entries afford
little information on the subject
of Fools, which has been ably
discussed by Mr. Douce, in his
Illustrations of Shakespeare (See
a note in the Privy Purse Expenses
of Henry VIIL, p. 319) ; but they
corroborate the fact that a fool
always formed part of the esta-
blishments of persons of distinc-
tion. The following entries re-
lative to "Fools," in the Privy
Purse Expenses of Henry the
Seventh, and in those of the 1st
of Henry the Eighth, may be ac-
ceptable. " To Thomas Blackall,
the King's fool, 6s. 8</." " To
Patch the fool in reward." " To
the foolyshe Duke of Lancastre."
" To the Lord Privy Seal's fool."
" For a horse, saddle, and bridle,
for Dego, the Spanish fool, 18*.
6d." " For Duk the fool's rai-
ment. " " To the King of
France's fool in reward, 4.1. "
" To the King of Castile's
taal."—-Md. MS. 7099, 7010.

Of these fools the Lord Privy
Seal's ^and ^ Patch' are j^the only
ones noticed in the Queen's Privy
Purse Expenses. It is not a little
remarkable that Henry the Se-
venth should have allowed a fool
to be nick- named the " Duke
of Lancaster,'''' as it was his
greatest pride to elevate the house
of Lancaster in the estimation of
the world. In the Churchwar-
dens' Accounts of St. Margaret's,
Westminster, in 1485, is the fol-
lowing entry : " Item at the bu-
rying of Mr. John, the Queen's
foole ;" and in the list of New
Year's gifts in 1556, was " geven
by the Quein's Maiestie the
5th of December to a woman
dwelling at Bury, for healing
Jane the foole her eye, oon guilt
salte with a cover," weighing
lOoz. 3qr. ; and " to Mr. Ayer,
for kepinge the saide Jane during
the tyme of the healing of her eye
two guilt salts with a cover, 18oz.
di." — Nichols's "Illustrations of
Ancient Times, pp. 3, 27, 28.

Footmen, the Queen's, for bon-
nets, shirts, and other clothes
for, 46, 69, 70, 75, 81, 93,
96.

- to the, for their drying
money, 81.

See DRYIKO.
Fotheringhay, 79, 111.
Fowler, William, 81.
A Dyer of London.
Fox, fur of, 17.
Fustian, for, 16, 38, 73.
Tranches, i. e. franchises, 106.
Fraunceys, his expenses, 51.
Frese, for, 45.

Coarse Cloth. See a note in the
" Privy Purse Expenses of Henry

Friars Observants of Greenwich,

56.

-- of Canterbury, 57.
Fringes for curtains, 65.
Frontlets, for, 92.
- gold, for fetching the

Queen's, 68.
A frontlet is described by Nares

IiNDEX AND NOTES.

197

as a forehead -band, worn to make
the forehead smooth. Among the
effects of Henry the Eighth in
the list in the Harleian MS.,
1419, are, " Frontellets of crim-
son satten, embraudered with
perles." — Strutt's Horda, in. 80.
And in the Regulations made by
Margaret, Countess of Richmond,
for the mourning of women of
rank in 1492, Countesses and
Duchesses were allowed " one
barbe, one frontelett, and two or
four kerchiefs." — Strutt's Dresses
and Habits, ii. 325. An entry of
" four old frontletts of dyvers
colours of velvet," occurs in the
Churchwardens' Accounts of St.
Mary Hill, London, in 1524,
printed in Nichols's Illustrations
of Ancient Times, p. 125. Though,
as it seems, generally made of
cloth, silk, or velvet, as in the
entry in p. 92, where, together
with bonnets, &c., they formed
part of a silk-woman's bill, it is
evident from p. 68, that they
were also made of gold. By sta-
tute 17 Edw. IV., the wives, and
daughters unmarried, of persons
having possessions of the yearly
value of 101. and upwards, were
permitted to " use and wear
frontlettes of blak velvet, or of
any other cloth of silk of the
colour of blak." — Rot. Parl., vi.
189. Among the entries in the
Privy Purse Expenses of Henry
the Seventh, is a payment in
1492, of 31. 13s. 4d. " To the
Queen's grace for frontlets" — and
on another occasion, of exactly
the same sum for "frontlets of
gold."— Add. MS. 7099. In the
Privy Purse Expenses of the
Princess, afterwards Queen,
Mary, is " Payed for a frount-
let loste in a wager to my Lady
Margaret, iiij /*.," which must,
from the price, have been of gold.

Fruit, brought, 93.

Frye, Sir John, a Priest who
farmed, i. e. rented lands at
Worthy Mortimer, to let
again, 107.

Fuller, Thomas, Mercer of Lon-
don, 22, 27.

Fur, of fox, 17.

Furness, Abbot of, 110.

Furring of gowns, 89.

The use of Furs was confined to
persons of rank by various legis-
lative provisions. See Rolls of
Parliament, ii. 278, 279, 281,
282; iii. 63; v. 505; vi. 221;
and Strutt's Dresses.

Fustian, 105.

Fyll, the King's Painter, 36.

In the Privy Purse Expenses of
Henry the Seventh, in April,
1503, his name is thus men-
tioned— "To Thomas Stirr, for
painting two Tabernacles, 61."
" To Robert Fylle, for making
of the same, 81." — See PAINTING
and REYNOLDS.

Garter, for lace and buttons for
the King's mantle, of the Or-
der of the, 8.

Gear, for a kirtle, and other,
54.

This word was used with the
greatest latitude to indicate simi-
lar articles to any one which might
be the last spoken of. See a note
in the Privy Purse Expenses of
Henry VIII. in 1532, p. 323.

Gentleman, William, 41, 56, 88.

Page of the Queen's Chamber.
Gentlewomen, for the convey-
ance of the Queen's. See
BARGE.

Gentyll, James, Mercer of Lon-
don, 24, 60.

In the 19th Hen. VII., after the
Queen's death, he was paid 301.
for the Queen's debt by the King.

Girdle, to a Monk that brought
our Lady's, 78.
Probably one of the numerous
Relicks with which the monas-
teries and abbies then abounded,
and which might have been
brought to the Queen for her to
put on when in labour, as it was
a common practice for women in
that situation to wear blessed
girdles. In a curious MS. of the
fifteenth century, in the posses-
sion of the Rev. James Dallaway,
entitled " The Knowyng of Wo-
man Kynde," one recipe in dif-

198

INDEX AND NOTES.

ficult cases is, " to wryte the
salme of Magnificath in a longe
scrow and gyrdit abowte her, and
sche shall be delyvert." Charms
applied to particular parts of the
body, under such circumstances, are
perhaps not yet entirely obsolete.
See Brand's Popular Antiquities.

Girdle, materials for, 9, 51.

harnesses for, 84.

Numerous notices relative to the
use of girdles occur on the Rolls
of Parliament. See Rot. Part. vi.
278, 279, 281, 282; iii. 296, 506,
542, 593 ; and iv. 73. By statute
3 Edw. IV., no person was per-
mitted to wear a girdle harnessed
with gold or silver in any part
over gilt, who had not yearly
possessions of the value of 401. •
but the wives of Squires of the
Household, Yeomen of the Crown,
and Squires and Gentlemen, and
of Mayors, Aldermen, and Bai-
liffs, might wear gilt girdles and
kerchiefs, of the price of a plyte
of 5s., v. 505.

Glasbury, Henry, 91.

wife of, 96.

Gloucester, city of, 46.

to an Anchoress at,

67.

to the Rood near, 67.

• • Receipt of the Queen's

revenues in the county of,
108.

Gold, flat and round, 55.

The latter was eight-pence an
ounce dearer than the former.

of Venice, 8, 23,27.

Damask, i.e., Damascus

gold.

Goldsmiths, to, 64, 92, 98.

Goodman, Thomas, 101.

Goodriche, Thomas, 10, 64.
A Mercer of London.

Goose, John, 2.

The Duke of York's Fool, a name
probably bestowed on him from
his situation.

Goshawks, brought, 43, 86.

Keeper of the Queen's,

94, 100.

Gough, Margaret, 102.

One of the Queen's servants.

Gowns, for, 16, 17, 22, 25, 34,
35, 40, 68, 69, 70, 105.

• various, described, 68, bis.

Gowns, materials for making, 8.

for mending, 7, 93.

for furring and the cuffs

of, 89.

wedding, 49.

for the carriage of the

Queen's, 17.

for fetching divers, 33,

68.

An elaborate account of the gowns
worn at this and earlier periods,
will be found in Strutt's Dresses
and Habits. Henry the Seventh
gave the Queen in 1500, 20/.
" to buy gold of Venice for to
make a gown." — Add. MS. 7099.

Grantham, to the brotherhood
of Jesus Guild in, 51.

Grace, the Rood of, in Kent, 3.

Grapes, brought, 52.

Grayling of tapetts for the
sumpter horse, 14.
Tapets, cut or rounded, like the
partition line called in Heraldry
engrailed. Instances occur in
these accounts of the use of terms
in the notices of dress, furniture,
&c., which are now confined to
Heraldry, as Chevrons, Pales,
&c. Chaucer's Personnes Tale pre-
sents several examples of the kind,
" as to the first sinne, in super-
fluitee of clothing, whiche that
maketh it so dere to the harme of
the peple not only the cost of the en-
brouding, the disguising, endent-
ing or barring, oundinff, paling,
winding or bending.''' The word
engrailed is thus used in the list
of articles delivered for the coro-
nation of Richard the Third —
" rede cloth engreyled with vj
yerdes of white woolen cloth." —
Antiquarian Repertory. — Ed. 1807-
vol. i. p. 50.

Gravesend, 96, 97.

Grease, bought, 37.

Greenway, William, wife of, 16.

Greenwich, 5, 6, bis, 9, 10, 11,
12, 13. 15, 16, 17,36,42,70,
74, 87, 88, 92, 107.
Her Majesty was at Greenwich

INDEX AND NOTES.

199

on the 6th, 10th, 27th April;
2nd, 3rd, 5th, 18th of May ; and
on the 14th November, 1502.

Greenwich, Friars Observants
of, 55.

Grey, Dame Katherine, 62.

Apparently one of the queen's
ladies. She probably was the
Lady Grey in whose chamber a
man was slain ; but it is difficult
to identify her. — See BURIALS.

, Nicholas, 7, 18.

Clerk of the Works at Richmond.

Greyhounds, the expense of the
Queen's, 33, 59, 88.
The keeper of these dogs was
allowed 2d. a day for their support.

Grice, John, apothecary, 8, 27,
48, 49,

Griffiths, , 97.

It seems that this person had
been Yeoman of the Queen's
Chamber ; and that he retired
to the monastery of St. Mar-
garet's, Westminster. The ex-
penses of his entering there, as
well as of his funeral, were de-
frayed by the Queen ; whence it
may be inferred that he was a
favourite Servant.

Grigg, Sir John, 80.

Grooms and Pages of the Queen's
Chamber, to, in reward, 78.

Guard, to the King's, in reward,
38.

Guides, to, 32, 46, bis, 47, 97.

Guildford, Lady Jane, 52, 99.
One of the ladies attached to the
Queen's person, and apparently
Jane, the second wife of Sir
Richard Guildford, K.G., and
sister of Nicholas Lord Vaux. It
is probable that it was this lady
who accompanied the Princess
Mary, sister of Henry the Eighth,
to France, on her marriage with
Louis the Twelfth, in 1514, as
mistress of her maids of honour,
whose unceremonious dismissal,
together with all the bride's other
English attendants, by Louis, the
morning after his nuptials, is the
subject of complaint from Mary
to Henry and Cardinal Wolsey,
in two letters printed in Ellis's

Original Letters, First Series, i.
115 — 119. The young queen
calls her " my mother Guild-
ford," and says, she has not yet
seen " yn Fraunce eny lady or
gentill woman, so necessary for
me as sche ys, nor zet so mete to
do the kynge my brother service
as sche ys ;" and begs she may be
immediately sent back to her —
" for," she adds, " I had as lefe
lose the wynnynge I schalle have
yn France, as to lose her counsell
when I shall lacke yt." In a let-
ter from the Earl of Worcester to
Wolsey, also printed in Mr. Ellis's
Letters, his Lordship acknow-
ledges the Cardinal's letter, ac-
quainting him with Henry's plea-
sure " touching the retorneof my
Lady Gildford :" he then explains
Louis's reasons for dismissing his
wife's English retinue, and states,
that his Majesty persisted in re-
fusing to allow them to return. —
Original Letters, Second Series, i.
244. This lady, in the 6th Henry
VIII., had a grant of an annuity
of 20/. for her services to the
king, to his father, his mother,
and his sisters the Queens of
France and Scotland. The Guild-
ford family were peculiar favour-
ites both of Henry the Seventh
and Henry the Eighth. The
husband, and Sir Henry the son,
of the lady here noticed, were
honoured with the Garter ; and
the latter, at whose marriage on
the 25th April, 1512, both Henry
the Eighth and the Princess of
Castile offered, was Comptroller
of the Household, &c., to the lat-
ter Monarch. In January, 1510,
Sir Thomas Brandon, uncle of
Charles Duke of Suffolk, be-
queathed to " Lady Jane Gylford,
widow," his place in South wark,
with his lease, which he had of
the Bishop of Winchester, toge-
ther with all his purchased lands
in Norfolk and Suffolk, for life,
she to pay to his nephew William
Sydney, 20 marks a year, with
remainder to his nephew Charles
(afterwards Duke of Suffolk), and
his heirs. A notice will be found
of the Guildford family in Col-
lins's Baronetage, vol. v. p. 1.

200

INDEX AND NOTES.

Gurden, Lady, 54.

One of the Queen's gentlewomen.

Hales, to the Holy Blood of, 3.
" A pretended relick of the blood
of OUT Saviour, which was brought
from the Holy Land, and depo-
sited in the Cistercian Monastery
of Hayles in Gloucestershire, by
Edmund Earl of Cornwall. See
Collier's Ecclesiastical History, i.
14 ; and Petri Benediciti Vita et
Gest. Hen. II. &c. ii. 752." —
Northumberland Household Book,
p. 438.

Hales, Owen, fee farm of, 109.

Hall, to the grooms and pages
of the, for making bonfires, 26.

Hallysworth, Dr., 96.

A physician who was sent for to
attend the Queen in her last
illness.

Ham, near Richmond in Surrey,
79.

Hamerton, John, 21, 42, 57.

One of the Queen's servants, but
the situation he held does not
appear.

George, 18, 35, 36,

41,49, 58, 71,72,74, 91, 95.

Groom porter. His wages were
10<ft a day.

William, 35, 37, 49,

51, Ms, 58, 81,91, 92.
Yeoman of the wardrobe of the
Queen's beds. His wages were
1*. a day.

Hamond, Maud, 11, 63.

A woman who had given her
child to the Queen, at whose ex-
pense it was nursed. See CHIL-
DREN.

Hamper, for a, 39.

Hampton Court, 2, 6, 7, 12, 94,

bis, 95.
Hanged, for burying men who

were, 14.
See BURYING.

Harbegiers, to the King's, 39.
Harbingers. Persons whose duty
it was to provide lodgings for the
king, or persons connected with
the Court, when on a journey.

pro-

In an unpublished letter, in the
Hengrave collection, dated 26th
July, 1560, addressed to the Coun-
tess of Bath, from her steward, the
following passage occurs. — " Yo*
L. shall understand that I have
had mych adoo, in staying yo1
house to be takyn up by the Har-
byngers for the French imbassa-
dors which comyth for the confir-
macon of the pease. They thre-
tenyd to breke upe all the locks
in the house, but I w^stood them
as far as reason wolde, and was
before the counsell byfore we were
at stay, but 1 trust yor house is
now saff enough from ther ta-
kyng." — G. (See Herbegage.)

Harcourt, Mrs., 62.

It was intended that this person
should have been the Queen's
nurse in her last and fatal con-
finement.

Harding, Mr., 50.

Clerk of the Queen's Closet
bably a priest.

Hardy, Sir John, 25.

Harness, horse, for a, 17.

Harnesses, for girdles, 84.
See GIRDLES.

Hart, a, brought, 51.

Harveys, Richard, 110.

Receiver of the Lordship
Feckenham.

Hawte, Jaques, 38, 80.

One of the Queen's servants.
The Privy Purse Expenses of
Henry the Seventh state, that he
was Under Keeper of Kenel-
worth.

Hawks, for meat for the, 94.

Havering at Bower, 11, 32, 63,
79.

Hayward, John, 88.
A skinner.

Hed, Robert, 20.

A taylor of London.

Henchmen to the king, 90.

Pages of Honour. They were
sons of gentlemen, and in public
processions walked by the side of
the monarch's horse. See a note
on this word in the Privy Purse
Expenses of Henry F 111.. 1532,
p. 327.

INDEX AND NOTES.

201

Henley upon Thames, 59, 71,
72.

Henley, John, 92.
A sadler of London.

Henry, King, offerings made to,
3, 29.

Henry the Sixth, who, from his
exemplary piety, enjoyed the ho-
nours of canonization. His shrine
was at Eton.

Hensted, John, 16.
A tradesman.

Heralds of Arms, gifts to, on
New Year's Day, 90.

Herauld, 47.

Harrold, in Bedfordshire, about
eight miles from Bedford.

Herbegage, 74.

Preparing lodgings and mak-
ing other arrangements for the
Queen's reception at the places
through which she passed. See
HAKBEGIEHS.

Herbert, Sir Walter, 43, 51 ; his
wife, 51.

Apparently Sir Walter Herbert,
younger son of William first Earl
of Pembroke. He was retained
to serve the king beyond the sea
for one year with a large retinue
in 1492 (Fcedera, xii. 480), and
was specially protected in the
office of Steward of the Lordships
of Uske, Carlion, and Treyleck,
" with the making of the crouner
and officers to the said office"
appertaining, by the Act of
Resumption, 1 Hen. VII. — Rot.
Part. vi. 379. His wife was Anne,
daughter of Henry Stafford, 2nd
Duke of Buckingham, but he
died s. P.

Hercules, Friar, 8.

In the Privy Purse Expenses of
Henry the Seventh, in May, 1503,
is an entry of 61. 13*. 4d. " to
Friar Hercules, for a Psalter."

Herman, John, Sergeant of the

Queen's Car, 104.
Hermit, to a, at Colnbrooke, 31.
Heron, J^hn, 76.
Hertley, John, 15, 16.
A tradesman.

Hichin, Prior of, 13.
Higham, Stephen, 13.
A tradesman.

Hiltone, Elys, 17, 20, 54, bi».
Groom of the robes.

Hinges, for mending, 21.

Hobart, James, the King's At-
torney, 101.

Attorney-general and privy coun-
cillor to Henry the Seventh, and
ancestor of the Earls of Bucking,
hamshire : he died whilst attor-
ney-general, in 1507.

Holden, Thomas, 40, 51, 59,
70.

A yeoman of the queen's house-
hold, but in what department
does not appear. He was proba-
bly the Thomas Holden, men-
tioned in p. 40, as having given
his child to the queen.

Holand, John, 101, 106.

Keeper of the Council Chamber.

Holburn, Abbot of, 53.

Horse-hire, for, 57, 59, 88, 97.
The hire of a horse for carrying
venison was, on one occasion, 4rf.,
and on another (>d. a day ; whilst
the hire of one to convey a lady
from Esthampstead to London,
was 16d.

Horse, the Sompter, 14.

The sumpter horse was a horse
that carried clothes or furniture ;
a baggage horse.

Horses, towards the purchase of,
21, 53.

Six shillings and eight-pence was
the sum given in each instance to
the same person, who was a groom
of the queen's chamber. Henry
VII. gave 101. " for six new
chariot horses." Several entries
in the Northumberland Household
Book—ed. 1827, pp. 24, 55, 120,
359, 360, and in the Collection of
Regulations for the Royal House-
hold, afford information as to the
persons who were allowed horses
in great establishments, and the
names by which they were de-
scribed as, the male horse, pal-
freys, nags, &c.

expenses of breaking

2 D

202

INDEX AND NOTES.

in, marking, driving, shoeing,
baiting, &c., 79.
Horsemeat, for, 46.

Provender for horses.
Hosen, for, 38, 61, 75, 76, 98.

for making, 96.

watchet, 96.

Hooks, for, 92.
Hoops, for eching, 34.

-See ECHING.

Hosy, Sir John, 77.

This person was keeper of the
King's Wards, with a salary of
1001. a year, but he has not been
otherwise identified. It may be
inferred that he was the owner
of the place near Havering at
Bower, in Essex, where the young
Lords Courtenay lived ; but Mo-
rant, in his History of Essex, does
not throw any light on the sub-
ject.

House burnt at Richmond, mo-
ney given in remuneration of
losses in consequence of, 18.
House rent, for, 86.

The queen's embroiderer was
allowed 21. per annum for his
house rent.

Housell, for the Queen's, 1, 54,

83.

The Eucharist. To housel was to
administer the holy communion.
" The Cardinal song the masse,
and after paxe, the King and the
Quene descended, and before the
high altar they were bothe houselcd
with one hoste devided betweene
them." — Hall's Chronicle, Ed.
1809, p. 376. When the Queen
takes her chamber she must be
" brought into the chapell or
church there to bee houseled." —
Regulations of the Royal House-
hold, temp. Henry VII , p. 125.
" Toke the said John Glyn and
hym ymprisoned, and in the castel
in prison him kept by the space
of v cures and more, so that noon
of his freiides myght come where
he was to releve hym with drynk,
or'staunche his bloode, to th' en-
tent that he should have bled to
deth, except they suffered a Preste

to come to shryve and howscll
hym."-^//* of Parliament, Anno
1472, vol. vi. 35. Thus too,
Chaucer,

" Man and wife

Should shew ther parish priest

ther life

Ones a yere, as saith the boke
Ere any wight his kouse.l toke."

See other examples in Todd's
Johnson, and in Nare's Glossary.
It appears that the Queen com-
municated thrice between March,
1502, and March, 1503, namely,
on Easter Day, on All Saints
Day, and on Christmas Day, and
that twenty-pence were paid on
each occasion " for her housel.''
In the Privy Purse Expenses of
Henry the Eighth, the situations
of the persons in relation to whom
the word is used induced the Edi-
tor to imagine that it had another
meaning than for the holy ele-
ments. In April, 1530, the two
Williams, who were little better
than jesters or buffoons, and
Philip's boy, were paid ten shil-
lings each for their housel: on the
26th of the same month Richard
Ap Guilliams was paid 4s. 8d. for
his howsel at Easter ; and on the
28th, Thomas the King's Jester
was paid 25s. " for his howsill and
his livery coat." He is now how-
ever convinced that he was
mistaken, and that the persons
above mentioned received those
sums to reimburse them'for what
they expended on communicating
at Easter, they being wholly sup-
ported at the King's expense. It
is remarkable that though in
1503 the Queen of England paid
but 20(1. on such occasions, yet
that only twenty-eight years 'af-
terwards the King's minions
should have been allowed ten
shillings each, and that another
of them should have been paid
4s. 6d. for the purpose. In 1497,
six shillings and eightpence were
paid " for the King's offering at
his Housillyng"

Hove, Alexander, 66.
A goldsmith.

Hovvnslow, 53.

INDEX AND NOTES.

203

Howard, Lord, 99.

Thomas Lord Howard, son and
heir apparent of Thomas Earl of
Surrey. He married, in 1495,
the Queen's sister, Anne, daugh-
ter of King Edward the Fourth,
by whom he had two children,
who died young. Lord Howard
signalized himself at the battle of
Floddea, and succeeded his father
as Duke of Norfolk, in 1524. He
was allowed 12(M. per annum by
the Queen for the support of her
sister.

Howell, Thomas ap, 6.

, William ap, 30.

Humberston, Thomas, 66, 96.

A hosier.
Hungary, Ambassadors of, 11,

39.

A treaty was entered into in May,
1502, with Ladislaus, King of
Hungary, that Henry should assist
him against the Turks. — F&dera,
xiii. p. 5. But nothing occurs in
that work to justify the idea that
he then sent ambassadors to this
country. The Emperor Maximi-
lian, who also called himself King
of Hungary, in April, 1502, ap-
pointed Cornelius de Burghes the
Lord of Berselles, Knight of
the Golden Fleece, and Indoctus
Prant, Knight, his ambassadors
to Henry, who, doubtless, are the
persons mentioned as having been
at Richmond in the May fol-
lowing.

Hungerford, Lady, 47.

Hunt, Thomas, 90.

Of the office of the confectionary.

Hunters, for going after, 94.

Hynde, Thomas, 60.
A mercer of London.

Hynsted, John, 56, 103, bis.
A wax chandler of London.

Ink, for, 102.

Johnes, Mrs. Eleanor, 5, bis, 12,
13, 15, 18, 21,99, 110.

One of the Queen's gentlewomen.
Though repeatedly mentioned as
being in attendance on her

Majesty between March and
June, 1502, she is not again
noticed until September, 1503,
when she received her salary
of 61. 13s. 4d. She was probably
the wife or daughter of the Robert
Johnes, the King's " welbeloved
servaunt, and oon of the gromes
of cure chambre," who was spe-
cially protected in the enjoyment
of the offices of Constable and
Parker of Lantrishen and the
Isle of Bar, in South Wales, in
the Act of Resumption, 1 Hen.
VII. ; and also in the enjoyment
of all offices and fees which had
been granted to him, by the Act
of Resumption, 11 Hen. VII. —
Rot. Part. vi. 351, 471.

Johnson, John, a surgeon, 14.
Robert, 40.

The queen's taylor.
Ipswich, our lady of, 3.
Iron, for finding, 38.

See DEAN.
Ivory, for a box of, 27.

a chest of, brought, 15.

Jagging of tapetts, 14.

To jag is to cut into indentures,
now called Vandykes : " j hode
of blakke felwet with a typpet
halfe damask and halfe felwet
V Jaffffyd:" " j hode of depe
grene felwet jakgyd, upon the
rolle : " " j rydyng hode of rede
felwet with iiij jaggys : " a tippet
" with j jagge" — >" a jagged
hode," occur in the inventory of
the effects of Sir John Fastolfe. —
Archaelogia, xxi. 254, 259.

Jackets, for, 93.

for garnishing, for the

disguising, 21.

-See DISGUISING.

Jentille, James, 24.

See GENTLE.

Jewels, attendance on the queen's,
29, 40, 44, 59, 60, 87.

Wages of the two grooms of the
queen's chamber, whose duty it
was to take care of her majesty's
jewels.

Jewelry, for, 64, 66.

Henry gave the queen, on one
2 D 2

204

INDEX AND NOTES.

occasion, 3U. 10s. for jewels; and
after her death, an entry occurs in
the Privy Purse Expenses of her
husband " To Steven Jenyns of
London, for pledging certain of
the queen's jewels, 10(W." — 26
May, 1503. Part of the jewels
mentioned in these accounts were
bought for the queen against the
marriage of Prince Arthur.

Journies, costs of, 6, 32, 39, 40.
Jubilee, letter of pardon of the,
12.

Every twenty-fifth year was a
year of jubilee, and the Holy
See then granted extraordinary
indulgences : of these " the let-
ter of pardon " was the certi-
ficate, the price of which was
only twelve-pence. In the Privy
Purse Expenses of Henry the
Seventh, 23rd September, 1501,
is this entry, " To the official of
Sarum that come with the money
of the jubilee." The year 1501
was the year of jubilee, and it is
singular that the Princess Mary's
letter of pardon should not have
been paid for until May, 1502.

Justice, Richard, 7, 15, 46, 63,
68.
Page of the robes.

Katherine, lady, 17, 32, 33, 89,
99, 100, 103.

All these entries relate to Kathe-
rine, youngest child of King Ed-
ward the Fourth and wife of Lord
William Courtenay, son and heir
of the Earl of Devon. An ac-
count of this personage will be
found in the INTRODUCTORY
REMARKS. Henry the Seventh
sent her, by her servant, in Sep-
tember, 1502, 10/.

Kemys, Henry, 101.

Probably a relation of the wife of
Thomas Lucas the Solicitor-Ge-
neral. G.

Kendal, for, 24.

A kind of coarse cloth.

Kersey, for, 24.

Key, for making a, 68.

Kidlington, i. e., Kiddington, in
Oxfordshire, 34.

King, the, 8, 14, bis, 67.

King's daughter, the, 94.

The youngest child of Henry the
Seventh and Elizabeth of York,
in giving birth to whom her
mother lost her life. The infant
was born on the 2nd of February,
1502-3, and died soon afterwards.
Sandford conjectures that she was
named after Katherine of Ar-
ragon, her sister-in-law, and that
that princess was her god-mother ;
but it is more probable that
she was named after her aunt,
Katherine Courtenay. The entry
relating to this child is for four
yards of flannel for her use.

King's father, the obit of the,
55.

Edmond of Hadham, Earl of
Richmond, father of Henry the
Seventh, died on the 3rd of No-
vember, 1456, Dugdale's Baro-
nage, ii. 237 — which date agrees
with the statement of 5*. being
paid on the third of November,
1502, for the queen's offering at
the celebration of the obit of that
prince.

King's Mother, the, 52, 91.

Margaret, Countess of Richmond,
who married to her second hus-
band, Sir Henry Stafford, younger
son of Humphrey, Duke of Buck-
ingham ; and to her third, Tho-
mas, first Earl of Derby. She
died 29th of June, 1509.

King's Place at Westminster,

the keeper of, 2.
Kirtles, for, 38, 40.

for hemming and making

or mending, 7, 22, 23, 35, 54.
93.

An explanation of kirtles will be
found in a note to Bishop Beck-
ington's Journal. 8vo. 1828.

Kitchin, to the officers of the, 2.

the children of the privy,

91.
Knives, carving, 96.

small, enamelled, 96.

Knoyell, William, 107.

A receiver of part of the queen's

revenues.

INDEX AND NOTES.

205

Kydwelly, Sir Morgan, 87, 101.
This person, who was appointed
Attorney-general by Richard the
Third, was the first to desert the
sovereign to whom he owed his
promotion, and became one of the
earliest and most zealous of Henry
the Seventh's supporters : to
his treachery, Mr. Sharon Tur-
ner and other historians mainly
attribute Richard's subsequent
disasters. It is remarkable that
he neither retained his situation
of Attorney-general after Henry's
accession nor was promoted to
any judicial office. To what ex-
tent he enjoyed that monarch's
favour is uncertain, but these ac-
qpunts prove that he was knighted
and received a small annual fee
in consequence of holding some
official appointment. In the 1
Hen. VII. it is said that Richard
had made him a referee in a cer-
tain suit on behalf of Thomas
Gyldyn, and that having obtained
a knowledge of the claimant's
title, " within a little tyme after
that tyme, the said Morgan mar-
ryied one Avys which pretendit to
be nigh of blode to the foresaid
Thomas Gyldyn" took possession
of the lands in dispute, and " re-
tained the same . agenst all con-
science and equyte, full ungodely,
the said Morgan beyng of greate
myght and favored in the said
shire of Dorset beyng attorney
to the late pretended Kyng
Richard the Third." — Rot. Part.
vi. 321. In 1503, Sir Morgan
Kydwelly was one of the Com-
missioners for levying an aid in
the County of Dorset. — Ibid. 535.

Kynifare, fee farm of, 109.
Kanefare, in Staffordshire.

Labourers, to, 80.

Laces, for, 51, 75.

Ladies and gentlewomen, the
queen's, clothes of, 40.
This entry proves that the ladies
in attendance on the queen were
clothed at her expense. It is re-
markable, as indicative of the
want of money, that this and

many other bills were not wholly
discharged at one payment, but
that part only, in this instance
not half, should be paid at one
time.

Ladies and gentlewomen of the
court, for conveying, 15, 73,
et scupe.
Vide BARGE.

Lady of grace at St. Paul's, 81.

Lady's, our, girdle brought, 78.
See GIRDLE.

Lakyn, Mrs., 57.

Probably one of the queen's gentle-
women.

Lambeth, 32.

Lampreys baked, brought, 89.
Lampreys were a favourite dish,
and one of our early monarchs is
said to have died from having
supped too plentifully off them.
In the Hengrave Household Ac-
counts is this entry, "for pre-
senting a lamprey pye vj d."

Langley, 37, 38, 40, 44, 45, 48,
49, 51, 56, 57, 59, 60, 63, 67,
74.

Langley, in the hundred of Chad-
lington, in Oxfordshire. Her
majesty was there on the 5th and
6th of August, 1 6th and 20th of
September, 2nd October, and 15th
November, 1502.

Lands and revenues, receipts of

the queen's, 107.
Langton, Henry, 77.

An old servant of King Edward

the Fourth.

Lanston, Robert, 94.

One of the queen's servants.
Lanthony, Prior of, 18, 33, 37,
44, 89.

• cheese, a, brought,

14.

Larks bought, 78.
Lathes, Doctor, 13.
Probably a physician.

Latoii, buckles and rings of, 65,
85, 86.

A great deal has been said by
various writers on the metal called

206

INDEX AND NOTES.

Laton — See a note to the Privy
Purse Expenses of Henry VIII. in
1532, p. 333, to which it is only ne-
cessary to add, that Palsgrave, in
his Esclarcissement de fa Langue
Francoyse, translates it by the
word Laton. Laiton is still com-
mon in France, and is defined
to be " cuivre jaune mele avec
la mine de zinc ou calamine, a
1'eclat d'or." That it was of a
pale yellow colour is proved by
Chaucer's saying,
" Phoebus waxe old and hewed

like I at on

That in his hote declination
Shone as the burned gold with

stremes bright :
But now in Capricorne adoun

he light

Wher as he shone ful pale, I
dare well sain."
Frankeleine'sTale^ v. 11557.

Launderer, the Queen's, 46, 64,
100.

Agnes Dean. Her wages were
3/. 6s. Bd. per annum ; and when
travelling, she was allowed 4d.
per diem for her horse meat.

Lawn, for a shirt, 50.

Kerchiefs of lawne, nyfels, um-
ple, or eny other manere of ker-
chiefs, exceeding the price of 1 Os.
per plight, were forbidden to be
sold iii England on penalty of
paying 13s. 4d. per plight by
statute 3 and 4 Edw. IV. 1463-
4.— Rot. Part. v. 505. Several
pieces of lawn of the value of 3s.
and 3s. 4d. the ell are mentioned
in the inventory of the effects of
Henry the Fifth in 1423 — Ibid.
iv. 239. A lawn shirt of Arthur,
Prince of Wales, worked in blue
silk, is in possession of John
Gage, Esq., F.R.S., Dir. S. A.,
to whom it was given by Mary,
Countess St. Martin de Tront,
the representative of the Bostock
family, a member of which was of
the Prince of Wales' s household.

Lead, for, 25.

Lee, Mrs. Elizabeth, 5, 11, 14,
30, 43, 52, 99.

One of the Queen's gentle-
women.

Levesey, Edmond, 35, 36, 41,
42, 95.

Yeoman of the Queen's household.
His wages were Is. a-day.

Lewes, Sir Richard, knight, 61.
Apparently a goldsmith.

William, 80.

Gentleman of the Ewry.

Lime, for, 80.

Linchelade, to our lady of, 37.

Lines for making two for the

Queen's car, 104.
Linnen cloth, for, 62, 65, 70,

78, 80.

Liquoring, for barehides, 37.
See BAREHIDES.

Litter, for making a, 69.

• — Pins, for, 45.

— for coverings of the

Queen's, 28, 103.
for the expenses of the

Queen's, 45.
See CAR.

Locks bought, 11, 20, 68, 71,

80.
Lock, Mrs., 14, 39, 92.

A silkwoman.

Lodgings, for preparing, 35, 41,
42, 49, 56, 57, 70,71,72,93,
95, 98.

Expenses incurred in preparing
for the queen's reception at the
various places to which she
went.

London, Mayor of, 23, 48.

In the 17 Hen. VII. 1501-2, Sir

John Shaa Goldsmith, whose
name again occurs in these Ac-
counts, was Mayor of London :
his successor was Sir Bartho-
lomew Rede, son of Robert Rede,
of Crowhurst, in Norfolk.

Long, Sir John, 51.
Lorimer, to a, for bits, 97.
Loryden, Marques, a minstrel,

100.

Loveday, Ann, 37.
A nun at Elnestow.

INDEX AND NOTES.

207

Lovel, Lady, 13, 15.

Perhaps the wife of Sir Thomas
Lovel, mentioned in the next
note ; but her maiden name has
not been ascertained. She pre-
sented the Queen with a box of
ivory, having the passion of our
Lord engraved thereon, in May
1502, and seems to have left
Richmond, where the Queen was
staying, on the 24th of that
month.

Sir Thomas, 110.

Apparently the " Thomas Lovell,
of Beecheham Wells, Gentle-
man," who was attainted of high
treason, 1 Ric. III. — Rot. Part.
vi. 246, but which was reversed
in the 1 Hen. VII.— Ibid. p. 273,
and, it is presumed, was the
person who was protected in the
enjoyment of various grants in
the act of assumption of the
1 Hen. VII. — Rot. Purl. vi.
284, 286, 345 ; by the act re-
storing John Lord Zouche in
the 11 Hen. VII— Ibid. p. 486;
and in the act of attainder of
Francis Viscount Lovell, in the
same year. — Ibid. p. 503. On the
accession of Henry VII., Sir
Thomas Lovell was made Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer, a Privy
Councillor, and Speaker of the
House of Commons. In 1 4873 he
was knighted at the battle of
Stoke ; in 1502, was made Trea-
surer of the Household, was a
Knight of the Garter, and one
of the Executors of Henry's will.
By Henry the Eighth he was as
much esteemed as by the pre-
ceding monarch ; and he ap-
pointed him Constable of the
Tower, Surveyor of the Court
of Wards, and Steward of his
house. He died at Enfield, 25th
of May, 1524. These Accounts
state that he had advanced the
Queen 100/. on plate. Notices
of this person will be found in
Blomfield's History of Norfolk,
under the parish of Harling.

Lute, to Giles, a luter, for strings

for the Queen of Scots' lute, 29.

A lute given to her sister the

Princess Mary by her father in

1504 cost 13*. 4</ — Privy Purse

Expenses of Henry VII. In those
accounts is a notice of 13s. 4d.
being paid to " Watt the luter
that played the fool." Among
the Hengrave Household Ex-
penses, in 1573, is, " For string-
ing, tuning, and fretting my mis-
tresses lute, ij ». vj d." — Gage's
History of Hengrave, p. 197- In
the Antiquarian Repertory, ed.
1807, vol. iii., p. 406, some cu-
rious verses will be found, de-
scriptive of various musical in-
struments temp. Henry VII.,
from the Lodge at Lekingfeld.
Lybert, John, goldsmith, 7, 10,
64, 88.

It seems that this person was
often sent for from London to
attend the Queen, and that on
one occasion her majesty honored
him and another goldsmith called
Vanderf with a present of a buck
between them.

Lyer, for blue, 91.

of thread, 65, 66.

See LYOUR in the notes to the
Wardrobe Accounts of Edward
IV. infra.

Lynche, Mr., 14, 59.

A physician. " 14th April 1492
to Master Lynche the phisicon
3/. 6*. 3d." — Privy Purse Ex-
penses of Henry Vll.

Lynne, John, 104.

A wheelwright of London.
Machene, Robert, 69, 78.

A taylor.

Major, Nicholas, 1, 10, 14.

The queen's sadler. — Query if he
was the " Nicholas Major " who
was one of the commissioners for
levying the aid in the borough of
Southwark, for knighting the
Prince of Wales in 1503.— Rot.
Parl. vi. p. 537.

Malvesey, brought, 21.

A misprint for Malwesey, i. e.
Malmsey Wine.

Marcazin, Janyn, 100.
A minstrel.

Marcle, co. Hereford, 110.

This manor was one of those
assigned for the queen's dower.
— Rot. Parl. vi. p. 462.

208

INDEX AND NOTES.

Marquess, Lady, 59.

Apparently Cicely, wife of Thomas
Grey, 1st Marquess of Dorset,
the queen's half brother. The
marchioness was the daughter
and heiress of William Baron
Bonvile and Harington : after
her husband's death, she mar-
ried Henry Stafford, Earl of
Wiltshire, and died in 1530.
She held the manor of Multon,
in Lincolnshire, which by her will
she gave to her son Richard Grey.

Mary, Lady, 12, 22.

The queen's third daughter. She
was born in 1498; and at the age
of eighteen, married Louis XII.
King of France ; after whose death
she became the wife of Charles
Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, and
died on the 25th June, 1553. A
further account of her will be
found in the INTRODUCTORY
REMARKS.

Mason, to a, 26.

Masses for saying, when the
queen was ill, 37.

Massy, Alice, the queen's mid-
wife, 102.

Her salary was 10/. per annum,
which was the same sum as was
granted to Margaret Cobbe, the
wife of John Cobbe, midwife to
Elizabeth, Queen of Edward the
Fourth, on the 15th April, 1469.
— Rot. Parl. vi. p. 93.

Mathew, Nicholas, 70.

Yeoman of the queen's chamber.

Maundy, clothes, &c. given to
poor women on the queen's,
1, 4, 74, 85.

On Maunday Thursday it was cus-
tomary for sovereigns and other
persons of rank, in imitation of
our Saviour, to wash the feet of
as many poor people of their own
sex as they were years old, and
to give them clothes, food, money,
&c. An account of the " Order
of the Maundy, made at Green-
wich, 19th March, 1572," is
printed in the first volume of the
Archceologia ; and the Northum-
berland Household Book contains
a minute description of the ar-
ticles which were given by the

Earls of Northumberland on that
occasion, p. 354. At present,
alms, &c. are distributed to the
same number of persons, of both
sexes, according to the age of the
king, by the royal almoner ; but
the more humiliating part of the
ceremony is iiot performed, even
by deputy. His Holiness the
Pope, however, still adheres
strictly to the ancient form, by
annually washing the feet of se-
veral poor people, and giving
alms to each. It appears from the
Northumberland Household Book,
that the earl, or whoever per-
formed the ceremony for him,
wore a kind of mourning gown at
the time, made of broad violet
cloth, furred with black lamb,
" containing two and a half
keippes, after thirty skins in a
kepe," p. 355.

Medicines, for, 88.
Merschet, Hans, 62.
A mercer.

Messagier, a, i. e. a messenger,
100.

Messages, for going, 63.

Several notices relative to the
King's Messengers occur on the
Rolls of Parliament ; and in the
12th Henry VI. the expenses of
them were 200/. The Liber Quo-
tidianus Garderolce of the 28th
Edward I., and other wardrobe
accounts of our early rnonarchs
and princes, contain some cu-
rious particulars of the messen-
gers of the thirteenth and four-
teenth centuries. In the Nor-
thumberland Household Book, one
division relates to 'k allowances
of persons sent on messages,"
p. 118.

Metingham, Agnes, 12.

Middelmore, John, 108.

Receiver of the revenues of the
queen's lands in Herefordshire
and Worcestershire. He was one
of the commissioners in Worces-
tershire for collecting the sub-
sidy in 1496. — Rot. I'arl. vi. 518.

Midwife, the queen's, 102.
Alice Massy. See MASSY.
Milan, St. Peter of, 3.

INDEX AND NOTES.

209

Milk, for, 14, 23, 56.
Ministers of the king's chapel,

23, 90.
Minories, to the Abbess of the,

8, 57.

to nuns there, 8, 57.

Minstrels, the queen's, 44, 91.
coats of white and

green sarcenet for, against

" the disguising," 78.

the King's, 78, 91.

the Duke of York's,

78.

the Duke of Bucking-
ham's, 78.

the Queen of Scots',

86.

to a, that played on a

droon, 2.

wages of, 100.

Dr. Percy has written so elabo-
rately on the subject of minstrels
that it is only necessary to refer
to his essay. It appears from
these Accounts that minstrels
formed part of the establishment
of every branch of the royal
family, and of the household of
other eminent noblemen. The
wages of the queen's minstrels
were 31. 6s. Qd. per annum
each, and on every occasion,
when she rewarded those of the
king, of her daughter the queen
of Scots, and others, it may be
presumed that they played before
her. It is evident that minstrels
took a prominent part in all
" disguisings," and other festivi.
ties, on which occasions we learn
that they wore the Tudor livery of
white and green. 51. were paid
to three string minstrels for their
wages. — Additional MS. 7099.

Minster Lovel, 51, 56, 57, 59.

In Oxfordshire. The queen was
there on the 6th and 8th October,
1502, on her progress into Wales.

Mint, officers of the, 93.

Forty shillings were given them
in reward, in consequence of the
queen's visit to the mint, in
February, 1503.

Miserden Park, in Gloucester-
shire, 38.

Misrule, to the Lord of, 91.

A " Lord," or " Abbot, of Mis-
rule," was always appointed at
Christmas, in the king's house,
wherever he lodged, as well as in
the houses of all persons of con-
sequence ; he presided over the
sports and festivities at Christmas.
Some observations on the Lord of
Misrule will be found in the
Archccologia, xviii. p. 313 ; in the
Gentleman's Magazine, xlix. p.
341 ; Brand's Popular Antiquities,
and in Strutt's Sports and Pas-
times. In a letter from the
council of the household of the
princess, afterwards Queen Mary,
to Cardinal Wolsey, dated 27th
November, 1527, they beg to be
informed " for the great rejiaire
of straungers supposed unto the
Pryucesse honorable householde
this solempne fest of Cristmas,"
of the Cardinal's pleasure " con-
cernyng as well a ship of silver
for the almes disshe requysite for
her high estate, and spice plats,
as also for trumpets and a rebek
to be sent, and whither we shall
appoynte any Lord of Mysrule
for the said honorable householde,
provide for enterluds, disgysyngs,
or pleyes in the said fest, or for
banket on twelf nyght." — Ellis's
Original Letters, First Series, i.
p. 271. The " Lord of Misrule "
was rewarded by the queen with
twenty shillings, as much as was
given to all the pages of her
chamber. In the Privy Purse
Expenses of Henry the Seventh,
payments are noticed " To Bing-
ley, Lord of Misrule, upon a prest,
C «." " Bingeley, Abbot of Mis-
rule." To the Abbot of Misrule
in reward, 6/. 13*. 4</., " on new
year's day, 1503." " The Abbot
of Unreason" seems to have been
another name for the same person.
—See a note to the Northumber*
land Household Bvok, Ed. 1827,
p. 441.

Money borrowed for the queen,
and for which her plate was
pawned, 12, 110.
In May, 1502, she borrowed
2 E

210

INDEX AND NOTES.

456/. 13». 4d., for part of which
her plate was pawned, a practise
common with many of our early
sovereigns. In the Privy Purse
Expenses of Henry VII. are the
following entries relative to
money borrowed by the queen.
Anno 12 Hen. VII. " To the
queen, to pay her debts, which
is to be repaid, 2000/." Anno 16,
" To the queen, in loan on cer-
tain plate, 500/." — and about
two years after her majesty's de-
cease, To " William Halyland,
for plegging out of certain plate
of the queen's, 102A" — Additional
MS. 7099.

Money lent to the queen, 13,
18, 77, 93.

These items relate to trifling
sums advanced by the queen's
attendants for some immediate
purpose, and which were soon
afterwards repaid them.

Monk, to a, for bringing our
Lady's Girdle, 78.
See GIRDLE.

expenses of making a,

97.

These expenses could not be very
great, as, together with the cost
of his funeral, they only amounted
to 13*. 4d.

Monmouth, 38, bis, 39, 46, 47.
The queen visited this place in
August 1502.

Moray, the bishop of, 67.

Andrew Foreman was bishop of
Moray from 1501 to 1516, when
he was translated to St. Andrew's,
and died in 1522.

Mordaunt, John, serjeant-at-law,
101.

Father of John, 1st Lord Mor-
dannt, and ancestor of the Earls
of Peterborough and Monmouth.
Though a lawyer, he commanded
a division of the king's army at
the battle of Stoke in 1484 ; was
Speaker of the House of Com-
mons in the 3rd Henry VII.,
Rot. Parl. vi. p. 386 ; was con-
stituted King's Sergeant in the
llth, and Justice of Chester in
the 15th Henry VII., and soon
after became Chancellor of the

Duchy of Lancaster. Collins
says he was knighted in February
1503 and died in September 1504.
Peerage, Ed. 1779, iii. p. 239-
Mordaunt, William, attorney in
the Common Pleas, 101.
William Mordaunt, of Hemp-
stead, in Essex, esq., younger
brother of Sir John, and ancestor
of the Mordaunts of Warwick-
shire. He was chief prothonotary
of the Common Pleas, and died
in 15 18, Ibid. p. 238, and Edmond-
son's Baronagium.

Morgan, Griffith, 51.

One of the queen's servants.

Mortimer, 79.

Stratfeld Mortimer, in Berkshire,
which formed part of the lands
assigned for the queen's dower.
Rot. Parl. vi. p. 462.

Worthy, 107.

Mortimer, Sir John, 10.

Probably the " John Mortimer,
esquire for the king's body,"
who was protected from the
effects of the act of Resumption,
22 Edward IV. — Rot. Parl. vi. p.
201 ; and the " Sir John Morty-
mer," who was protected in the
office of steward of several lord-
ships in Worcestershire and of
the keepership of the Park of
Nethewode, in Herefordshire, in
the 1 Hen. VII.— Ibid. p. 352 ;
and who, in 1503, was one of the
Commissioners in Worcestershire
for levying the subsidy. — Ibid. p.
535.

Mortlake, 85.

Mouth, cook for the queen's, 78.
See COOK.

Montjoy, Lord, his child chris-
tened, 35.

William Blount, 4th Lord Mont-
joy : he succeeded to the barony
in 1485, and after filling many
high situations under Henry the
Seventli and Henry the Eighth,
died in 1585. It may be inferred
that her Majesty was sponsor to
his child, who was christened in
June or July 1502.

Myklowe, John, 66.

Clerk of the controulment of the
king's household.

INDEX AND NOTfiS.

211

Mylner, Richard, of Byndfeld,
62.

Nails, for, 103.

Nanfan, Sir Richard, 107.

A " Richard Nanfan, late of
Trethowle Squyer," was attainted
in the 1st Ric. III., but his at-
tainder was reversed in the 1 Hen.
VII. A person of those names,
and an esquire, if it was not the
same individual, was protected in
the enjoyment of the offices of
steward of the lordship of Tewks-
bury, and keeper of the lodge and
park there ; of steward of the
lordship of Elmley in the county
of Worcester, &c., and in the
office of sheriff of that county,
by the act of Resumption, 1
Hen. VII. ; in all grants made
to him, by a similar act, in the 3rd
Hen. VII. ; and by the name of
" Sir Richard Nanfan, Knight,"
it was enacted in the 4 Hen. VII.
that the reversal of the attainder
of John Beaumont, Esq. should
not affect the lands of Tregonan,
in Cornwall, but that he should
hold and enjoy the same. — Rot.
Part. vi. pp. 246, 273, 360, 406,
413. There was an ancient Corn-
ish family of Nanfan of Trethe-
well, many of which were she-
riffs of Cornwall in the fifteenth
century, and which became ex-
tinct in the male line in the six-
teenth century. A branch of the
Nanfan family was settled in
Worcestershire, and a copious
pedigree of them occurs in Nash's
history of that county.

Nattres, Natarasse, orNotarice,
James, 11, 80, 89, 96.
One of the queen's servants.

Neltnes, Thomas, 9.

Another of the queen's servants.

Neville, Lady, 2.
See DARCY.

New Year's Gifts, 90, 91, 98.

Newbury, 80.

Norfolk, Duchess of, 5.

The person thus designated
must, it is presumed, have been
Elizabeth, daughter and sole

heir of Sir Frederick Tilney,
then the wife of Thomas Howard
Earl of Surrey, son and heir
of John first Duke of Norfolk,
which dukedom was at that
time in the crown by the duke's
attainder, and the earl was not
created Duke of Norfolk until
1514, eight years after her death.
It is consequently not a little ex-
traordinary that she should be
styled Duchess of Norfolk in 1502 ;
but as the widow of Johq^ the
first duke died in 1494, there was
no other person to whom the title
of duchess of Norfolk could be
attributed. She was ordered to
receive the wife of Edmond de
la Pole, the queen's nephew, who
bore the title of Earl of Suffolk,
apparently by courtesy only, the
dukedom having been forfeited
by his elder brother John de la
Pole Earl of Lincoln, in 1487,
and who was attainted for sup-
porting Perkin Warbek, in the
19 Hen. VII. 1503.— Rot. Part.
vi. p. 545. The " Duchess of
Norfolk" was present at the re-
ception of Katherine of Arragon

in the 1? Henry VII., 1502-3

Antiquarian Repertory, ed. 1807-
vol.ii., p. 290*, 291*.

Northleache in Gloucestershire,
44.

Northampton, to the Holy Rood
of, and our Lady of Grace
there, 3, 37.

Northumberland, Earl of, 39.
Henry Algernon Percy, K. G.
5th Earl. He succeeded to the
earldom in 1489, and died in 1527-

Norwich, Bishop of, 90.

Richard Nekke, or Nyk, dean of
the king's chapel ; he was con-
firmed in this see in 1501, and
died 1536.

Notarice. See NATTRES.

Notley, a Priory in Bucking-
hamshire, 32, 40, 50.
The queen was there in July
1502, and a messenger was sent to
her at that place to know'where she
wished that her nephew, Lord
Edward Courtenay, should be
buried.

2 E 2

INDEX AND NOTES.

Nuns in the Minorics, donations

to, 57.
Nun, expenses of making a, 37.

a buck brought for the

professing of a, 47.
The expenses on this occasion
amounted to 6/. 13*. 4rf., and a
feast appears to have been part of
the ceremony, as a buck was spe-
cially sent from Harold.
Nurse, to a lady that was to have
been the queen's, 62.

. of the Lord Edward

Courtenay, 103.

to a French woman, that

was to have been the queen's,
69.

These persons seem to have of-
fered themselves as the queen's
nurse in the confinement which
proved fatal to her ; but neither
appears to have been accepted.
Each was, however, rewarded
with 6s. 8d. for her trouble in
coming.

• to the queen's brother's,

75.

This item displays the affection
which the queen bore to her un-
fortunate brother the young Duke
of York, who, with Edward the
Fifth, was said to have been mur-
dered in the Tower. The dona-
tion, though trifling in itself, was
a special mark of favour, as the
poor woman is not included in
the thirty-seven who received the
Maundy. Particular attention
was paid by the royal family ^o
their nurses and old servants, as
is exemplified by many entries in
these accounts. Henry the Fifth,
in 1415, granted Joan Warren,
his nurse, 20/. for life. — Calend.
Rot. Parl. p. 264. In the 28th
Hen. VI., Joan, widow of Thomas
Astley, esquire, " oure servaunt
and late oure norice," was pro-
tected in the enjoyment of an an-
nuity of 2<M. for her life out of the
fee farm of Queenhithe, in the
city of London, and also in the
sum of 30/., parcel of an annuity
of 40£, granted her by letters pa-
tent out of the revenues of the
County of Warwick ; and in the

34th Hen. VI. she was secured
in the enjoyment of forty marks,
parcel of fifty marks, yearly
granted her by letters patent for
her life.— Rot. Parl., 199, 319.
Philip Ap Hoell, who is described
in the act of Resumption, 3 Hen.
VII., as " oure old servaunt and
well beloved nurriour," -was pro-
tected in the grant of the Por-
treaveship of Lanvayl in Buelld,
with the toll of that town, and
the toll of Elvale, in the marches
of Wales.— Rot. Parl. vi. 406.
The following entries occur in
the Privy Purse Expenses of that
Monarch : " To the King's
nurse's son ;" " To the Queen's
drynorisse, in reward, 3J. 6s. 3d."
on the 31st May, 1503, who may
be presumed, from the date, to
have been the person who at-
tended her in her last illness.

Obit of the King's father, 55.
See KING'S FATHER.

Obourne, L e. Holborn, Abbot
of, 53.

Odiham, 107.

Keeper of the Park of,

84.

In the county of Southampton.
Nicholas Gaynesford and John
Gaynesford, Esquires, were se-
cured in the enjoyment of the
offices of Steward of the Lordship
of Odiham, the Constableship and
Portership of the Castle of Odi-
ham, with the keeping of the
park and warren, which had been
granted to them for their lives,
by the act of Resumption, in the
1st Hen. VII.— Rot. Parl. vi. 384.

Offerings, for the Queen's, 1, 3,
6, 10, 12, 13, 19, 22, 23, 27,
29, 31, bis, 36,37, 38, 39, 42,
50, 53,54,64, 65, 67, 77,78,
83, 84, 87, 88, 97.
The whole amount paid as the
Queen's offerings between the 24th
March, 1 502, and February, 1503,
was about 32/. 10*. The dona-
tions varied from 4d. to 21. 6s. 8d.
in proportion to the reputation of
the shrine ; and on one occasion
a plyte of lawn was bought for a
shirt for the Child of Grace at

INDEX AND NOTES.

213

Reading, which, with the making,
cost 5«. 4d. Besides sending offer-
ings at certain times to various
shrines, her Majesty k' offered"
to the nearest saint to the places
through which she passed on her
progress, and also bestowed alms
on all the hermits and anchoresses
on her road. Several pages of the
Northumberland Household Book
are filled with an account of the
offerings of the Earl and Coun-
tess of Northumberland, and their
children, pp . 332—338.

Ointment, for, 103.

Grease for the wheels of the
queen's car.

Oranges, brought, 4, 43, 87, 93.
Oxford, 45, 59.

fee farm of the city of,

108.
Earl of, 87.

John de Vere, K.G., Lord High
Admiral and Great Chamberlain.
He was restored to the honours
forfeited by his father in 1464,
attainted in 1474, again restored
in 1485 ; and died without issue
in 1513.

Packthread, for, 65.

Pages and grooms of the Queen's
Chamber, rewards to the, 78,
91.

Palfreyman, the, 17.
Richard Payne.

Painting, 36.

The only entry in these accounts
relative to painting or painters is
that, on the 3rd August, 1502,
three shillings and fourpence were
given in reward to Robert Fyll,
the King's painter, and that on
the same day, John Reynold,
painter, received 10s. " for mak-
ing of divers beasts and other
pleasures" for the Queen, at Wind-
sor, and which it would seem did
not require much talent ; hence
it is probable that he was little
superior to a sign-painter of the
present day. In the Privy Purse
Expenses of Henry the Seventh,
are entries of twenty shillings be-
ing paid " to Maynard the King's
painter for pictures ; " 4£. to
" Thomas Painter for painting ;"

" To Thomas Stirr for painting
two tabernacles, 61. ;" and " To
Robert Fylle, for making of the
same, 81." " For making and
painting of knotts, 661. 13s. 4d."
The two last named persons,
Maynard and John Reynolds,
were probably the best artists of
their times in England ; but
" Thomas Painter," it may be
presumed, was a house-painter,
one or more of whom were at-
tached to the royal and other
great establishments. — See Col.
lection of Regulations of the Royal
Household, and the Northumber-
land Household Book, where "j
paynter " is mentioned among the
Earl's workmen in the same pas-
sage with the joiner and smith,
pp. 255, 390. In the Church-
wardens' Accounts of St. Marga-
ret's, Westminster, in!531, is this
entry : " Paid to Renaeever, payn-
tour, for paynting and gylding
of the LX storys of St. Marga-
rett's tabernacle, 31. 6s. 8d.," and
for " guilding of the small ta-
bernacle, 21. 8s. " — Nichols's Il-
lustrations of Ancient Times, p.
10. Among the New Year's
Gifts to Queen Mary, in 1556, by
Suete, painter, is a table painted
of the Queen's marriage. — Ibid.
p. 14.

Palfreys, for keeping, 17.

Pallet, Edward, 76, 97.

Son of Lady Jane Bangham.
This lad appears to have been
wholly supported at the Queen's
expense, and, like her nephews
the Courtenays, was under the
care of Dame Margaret Cotton,
as payments were made to that
lady for his diet, clothes, and school
hire, and the allowance for his
board was fully equal to that for
his more illustrious companions.
It would be vain to inquire
into the cause of his being thus
patronized ; nor have any other
particulars of him been disco-
vered.— -See BANGHAM.

Paned, curtains, 65.

" Paned, variegated, composed of
small squares, as a counterpane
usually is." — Todift Johnson. See
" Pane " in the Index to the

214

INDEX AND NOTES.

Wardrobe Accounts of Edward
IV., infra.

Pantry, gentleman of the, 96.
Richard Brampton.

Paper, for, 102.
Parchment, for, 102.
Pardon, for a letter of the Ju-
bilee, 12.
See JUBILEE.

of the Mo-
nastery of St. Katherine's
Mount, in Sinai, 21.

the Queen's offering to

the coffer for her, 1.
The Queen's payment to the
poor-box in performance of some
of the conditions for obtaining the
Easter indulgence. In 1491 the
Marquess of Berkeley ordered in
his will that his executors should
purchase a pardon from Rome, as
large as might be had for plain
remission of the sins of all those
who shall be confessed and con-
trite, at Longebrigge [a chapel in
the parish of Berkeley] from even
song to even song, on the feast of
the Trinity, and there say pater-
nosters, and three aves for his
soul, and the souls of his father
and son. Chaucer's description
of one of those itinerant venders
of mercy and relicks, who —
" Bret-ful of pardon come from

Rome all hot,"

And who, " with fained flatter-
ing and japes,
— made the persone and the peple

his apes"

is well known. Of this character
probably were the two Monks of
St. Katherine's Mount, in Sinai,
and the monk who brought Our
Lady's girdle to the Queen. In
the Privy Purse Expenses of
Henry VIII., in June, 1511, is
an entry of 20s. " For the King's
offering at Westminster, and for
taking of the Pardon, there, at
Ascencion Tide." Add. MS. 7100.

Parker, ,79.

One of the Queen's servants.

Paston, William, 4.

Page of the Queen's beds.

Patch, , 74, 93.

Mr. Douce has suggested that
Patch was another designation
for a fool ; and the conjecture is
in this instance confirmed by an
entry in the Privy Purse Expenses
of Henry the Seventh, of money
given lt To Patch the Fool, in
reward," who appears to have
been principally concerned in ar-
ranging the Disguisings. — Set
DISGUISINGS.

Pawmpelion, a fur so called, 33,
89.

This word occurs in the same
sense in the Privy Purse Expenses
of Henry VIII. in 1532. " Forxxv
dousin skynns of fyne pawmpe-
lion, be li ;" and in the account
book of Lord Burghley, among
the apparel bought for Anne of
Cleves, was " A gown of black
wrought vellett, furred with paw-
pillon,viij li." The price of thos§
skins in 1503 and 1530 was nearly
the same. The word does not
occur in any glossary, and the
Editor conjectures, from the
name, that they were skins
brought from Pampellone, a town
in the department of Tarn, twelve
miles from Alby, but Mr. Gage
suggests that Pampeluna fur is
meant.

Payne, Master Richard, 1, 5,
67, 97.
The Queen's almoner.

Richard, 17.

The Queen's palfreyman then
deceased.

Pears, brought, 38.
Pease cods, brought, 16.
Peche, Dame Elizabeth, 99.

One of the Queen's gentlewomen.
Penson, Robert, 97.

A skinner.

Pepins, 9, 15, 39.
Percy, Lady Anne, 21, 26, 28,
37, 43, 49, 51, 54, 70, 78.

Though not mentioned in the
list in p. 99, she was undoubtedly
one of the Queen's gentlewomen,
and appears to have been in con-
stant attendance from June to
December, 1502. By the name

INDEX AND NOTES.

215

of "Lady Anne Percy," she re-
ceived an annuity of 201. until
1st Hen. rill, \5QQ.-Additional
MS. 7100. She was probably
Anne, 2nd daughter of Henry
Percy, 4th Earl of Northumber,
who married William Fitz Alan,
Earl of Arundel, about the 28th
December, 1510, 2 Hen. VIII.,
when the King paid 6s. 8d. for his
offering at her marriage. — Ibid. .

Performing, i. e. for making a
horse harness, gown, &c., 17.

Pertriche, John, 104, 105.

The son of a person called " Mad
Beale," who was supported at the
Queen's expense. The reason of
his being so patronised is un-
known, but it probably arose
from motives of charity, arising
from his parent's infirmity. That
one of the entries about him
should be mentioned in Accounts
intended for the Queen's eye is
strongly indicative of the coarse
manners of the time.

Petreson, Evan, 7.
A joiner.

Petticoats, for, 22, 70.

Pevesham, 66.

forest of, 46.

Pew, Our Lady of, 4, 22, 23, 77,
78.

Of Westminster. Our Lady of
Pity or Mercy, an image of the
Virgin Mary, sitting with our
Saviour on her lap.

Pheasants, brought, 62.

Phip, William, 6, 26, 61.

Alia* William Worthy ; these
payments were for boarding Wil-
liam the Queen's fool, for which
he was allowed two shillings a
month.

Physician, a, sent for, 96.

The queen died in childbed on the
llth of February, 1502-3 ; and it
is evident that this payment was
for the expenses of the messenger
who was sent by the king's com-
mand to fetch Doctor Hallyls-
worth out of Kent to attend her
majesty when she became in dan-
ger. The names of most of the
physicians mentioned in these ac-

counts, and in the Privy Purse Ex-
penses of Henry the Seventh and
Eighth, are here collected. Those
noticed in the queen's expenses
are Doctors Halyllysworth, and
Master Lynch. In the expenses
of Henry the Seventh, the follow,
ing names occur : " To Master
Lewes, the queen's physician,
2/.;" "Ralph Sentiler;" "Master
Domynys, the physician ;" "Vin-
cent Wolf, the physician ; "
" Master Guilliam, the physi-
cian. " Beiiet Fentre was ano-
ther of the physicians of Henry
VII., with a salary of 40/. per
ann., and was keeper of the
prince's wardrobe in London. —
Rot. Part. vi. 355. In the 2nd
Hen. VIII., " Master Lewes,
the Princess of Castile's physi-
cian, was paid 100/. for his re-
ward in gold ;" and in 1532, Doc-
tor Yakisley is noticed in the
Privy Purse Expenses of that
year.

Pieces of copper, to ornament
the jackets against the disguis-
ing, 21.

Pilgrimage, costs for, person
sent on, by the queen, 3, 4,96.
Vicarious pilgrimages were by
no means uncommon. Queen
Katherine of Arragon desired in
her will that some person should
go to Our Lady of Walsingham
in pilgrimage, and in going by
the way dole twenty nobles.
William de Beauchamp, in 12C8,
speaks of his son Walter being
signed with the cross for a pil-
grimage to the Holy Land on the
behalf of his father and mother.
Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of
Hereford, in 1361, desired that
a chaplain of good condition might
be sent to Jerusalem, principally
for himself and his parents, who
was to say masses by the way at
all times that he could conve-
niently do so for their and his
souls ; and also that a good and
loyal man should be sent to Can-
terbury and to offer there 40s. in
silver for him, and another to
Pomfret to offer the same sum at
the tomb of Thomas Earl of

216

INDEX AND NOTES.

Lancaster. Sir John North-
wodeof Kent, in 1378, desired
that two pilgrims might be sent
to visit the shadow of St. Peter,
St. Paul, and St. James in Galacia.
Sir Richard -Arunde), in 1416, or-
dered his executors to find a man
who, for the good of his soul,
should go to Rome, to the Holy
Land, to the sepulchre of our
Lord, and to the Holy Blood in
Germany ; and William Ponte
of Kent, in 1471, bequeathed a
shilling to any one who would
" pilgrimage for him " to St.
Thomas of Canterbury : but the
most striking instance of dele-
gating religious duties is that of
Sir Roger Beauchamp in 1379,
who says in his will, " Whereas
I am bound to do a service on the
infidels by desire of my grand-
sire, Sir Walter Beauchamp, to
the expense of two hundred
marks, I will that Roger, son to
Roger, my son, shall perform the
same when he becomes of age ; "
the fulfilment of the obligation
being thus postponed for four
generations. The queen adopted
this easy method of settling with
her conscience on three occa-
sions: once, by sending a priest to
make offerings in her name to
shrines at Windsor, Eton, Read-
ing, Caversham, Cockthorpe,
Northampton, Walsingham, Sud-
bury, and Ipswich, who was oc-
cupied on his pious tour twenty-
six days, and was allowed for
his expenses and trouble ten-
pence a-day; secondly, to a per-
son, who does not appear to have
been a priest, for going to various
shrines in Kent, who was so em-
ployed at the same wages for
eight days ; and lastly, by send-
ing a man in pilgrimage to Our
Lady of Wilsdon in February,
1503, who received 3*. 4<£ for
his trouble. An interesting ar-
ticle on shrines and pilgrimages
will be found in the Retrospective
Review, New Series, vol. ii. p. 301,
and some remarks on the subject
occur in the review of the Itine-
rary of Fitz Simeon, in the same
volume.
Pins, for the queen's litter, 45.

Pin-powder, for, 27.

Query, powder for cleaning pins.
Plate, paid for, which had been

burnt in a fire at Richmond,

92.

pawned, 12, 110.

See MoXET.

for attendance with the

queen's, 75.

Pleasures, for painting beasts,

and other, 36.
The word is used in a similar
sense in the ordinance for the
royal household 17 Henry VIII.
" Dispoile of pleasures and com-
modities in nobleman's houses to
be left." Also such '•'•pleasures and
commodities as they have about
their houses, that is to say, deer,
fish, orchards, hay," &c. p. 145.
Mr. Gage remarks that in the
survey of Thornbury in Glouces-
tershire on the attainder of Ed-
ward Duke of Buckingham in
1521, the gardens are mentioned
as set " with rooses and other
pleasures." " Pleasure grounds"
is still in use.
Plomer, Mr. Christopher, 37,

62.

One of the queen's chaplains.
Probably the Christopher Plum-
mer who was collated to the Pre-
bendary of Cadington, in St.
Paul's, 9th July, 1515, and who
became a Canon of Windsor, but
was deprived by attainder for re-
fusing the oath of supremacy in
1536. — Wood's Fasti Oxonienses
by Bliss, i. 78.

Plyte of lawn, for a shirt, 50.
The word plig ht occurs in the sta-
tute respecting lawns in 1463; (See
LAWN) — which induced Blount
in his Law Dictionary to think it
meant " a measure then in use,
as yard or ell now." — " Playte of
a gown," the only word like it
in Palsgrave's Esclarcissements de
la Langue Francoyse in 1590, he
translates ply.

Points, for jackets, 21.

of silk for a litter, 45.

Pole, Henry, 9.

One of the queen's servants.

INDEX AND NOTES.

217

Pole, William, 35, 36, 42, 49,
58, bis, 93, 95.
A groom of the chamber, whose
wages were lOd. a-day.

Pomegranets, brought, 74, 93.

Pomfret, 78.

Popingay, a, brought, 30.

Popyncote, Joan, 23.

This person, who, it may be pre-
sumed, was one of the queen's
servants, was living in the 1st
Henry VIII., as in that year fifty
shillings were paid to her. — Addi-
tional MS. in the British Mu-
seum, 7100.

Pork, chines of, brought, 64.

Porters, at the gate, 2.

Possenet, mending a, 32.

A little bason, a porringer, a skil-
let.— Todd's Johnson. Palsgrave
mentions " Posnet, alyttlepotte,"
but he gives no translation of the
word. In the inventory of the
goods of Sir Peter Freshevile in
1581, is this entry, " Item, brass
potts and posnets with a chaufer,
xlvj s. viij d." — Nichols's Illustra-
tions of Ancient Times, p. 234.

Pote, Joan, 82.
An embroiderer.

Pox, the French, for healing a
person of the, 105.

Poyntz, William, 109.

Receiver of the queen's revenues
in Essex.

Priests, to, for singing at vari-
ous places, 102.

Primer, for a, 105.

The cost of a primer and psalter
was Is. 6d. In the 18 Hen. VII.
6/. 13*. 8d. were given to Friar
Hercules for a psalter, which it
must be inferred from the price
was illuminated.

Prince, the, to one of his foot-
men, 52.

the marriage of the, 1.

jewellery bought against

his marriage, 66.
" The Prince " was Arthur,
Prince of Wales, the queen's
eldest son, who was born Sep-
tember 20, 1486 ; married Kathe-
rine of Arragon on the 14th of

November, 1501 ; and died on
the 2nd of April, 1502.

Prince, his schoolmaster, 28.

a servant of, 52.

a minstrel of, 78.

Henry, then Prince of Wales,
the queen's second son, after-
wards King Henry the Eighth.
The entry relating to the school-
master may, however, refer to
his deceased brother.

Princess, the, 10, 14, 43, 48,
54, 61.

Each of these entries alludes
to Katherine of Arragon, the
widow of Prince Arthur, and they
admit of the inference that she
was treated with great attention
by her mother-in-law.

Psalter, for a, 105.

The price of a psalter and primer
was 20d. See PRIMER.

Privy Seal, fool of the Lord, 91.

See FOOL.
Prothonotary of Spain, 4.

A person who probably came over
with the princess Katherine.
Puddings, brought, 10, 64.
Purse, money for the queen's, 2,
5, 7, 9, 11, 12, bis, 13, 17,
18, bis, 20, 21, bis, 23, bis,
24, bis, 26, bis,28, 31,33, 34,
37, 41, 43, bis, 48, bis, 49, 51,
53, 54, 57, 62, 63, 76, 78, 80,
84, 89, 91.

Money for the queen's personal
expenses, or, for pocket-money.
Purfle, 16, 83.

A kind of border, hem, or rather,
trimming of gowns. Palsgrave,
in 1530, translates " Purfyll a
hemme of a gowne" by " bort."
In the 3?th Edw. III. esquires
and gentles below the rank of
knights who had not lands of the
value of 1001. a-year, and their
wives, daughters, and children
were forbidden to wear " ascun
revers ou purfil." — Rot.Parl.il.
278, 281. Chaucer, speaking of
the Monk, says,
" I saw his sieves purfiled at the

hond,

With gris and that the finest of
the lond."

2 F

218

INDEX AND NOTES.

Eleanor Lady Walsyngham be-
queathed her daughter " a purfle
of sable" in 1506. Purfle, in
p. 83, is used as a verb, and there
means to embroider, crule being
twisted yarn. In the inventory
of the effects of Sir John Fas-
tolfe is " j gowne of blewe fel-
wett upon felwet longe furrid
withe martyrs and perfold of the
same, slevys sengle.' ' — Arckceo-
loffia, xxi. 252.

Pursuivant of the King's Cham-
berlain, 87.

Pyle cloth, a, 65.

No other instance of the use of
this word has been discovered.
A Pyle cloth seems to have been a
kind of tester or canopy with
curtains.

Quails, brought, 13.

Queen, ill, 37.

a physician sent after, for

the, 96.
brother, of the, 75.

The young Duke of York. See

NURSE.

lands, charged with,

money for the king's use, 76.
revenues, 107 — 111.

Rabbits, brought, 13.
Ragdale, Robert, 22, 34, 54.

A tailor.

Ragland, 40,41, bis, 43,46, 49,
50, 53, 109.

Her majesty was at Ragland on

the 19th and 24th of August,

1502.
Ratclif, Mrs. Mary, 99.

One of the queen's gentlewomen.

Rauf, John, 34, 103.

Yeoman of the close car.

Rawlenny, , wife of, 55.

Reading, child of grace of, 3,

50.
Receipts of the queen's revenue,

107—110.
Reed, Mr., 59.
Relick Sunday, 31.

The third Sunday after Midsum-
mer-day.

Reliques at Westminster, the, 56,

Reynold, John, 79.

• painter, 36.

Whether he was the same indi-
vidual as is mentioned in p. 79} is
doubtful. See PAINTING.

Walter, 102.

Keeper of the garden at Bay-
nard's Castle.

Rhenish wine, brought, 52.
Ribbands, for, 51.
Richmond, 2, 4, 6, bis, 11, 13.
14, 15, 17, 18,23,24,26,32,
33, 34, 35, 36, 39, 40, 42, 49,
53, 54, 57, 59, 60, 72, 81, 83,
84, 87, bis, 92, 94, 95, 98.
It is manifest that the queen
passed great part of her time at
Richmond, and that the rest was
divided between Greenwich, the
Tower, and Westminster, or in
visiting places near town.

the residence of the

queen at, burnt, 92.

Ricroft, John, 100.

One of the queen's servants.

Rivers, Earl, to a person in
whose house the earl lodged
at the time of his death, 78.
Anthony Wydville, Earl Rivers,
the queen's uncle, was beheaded
at Pomfret in June 1483, by com-
mand of Richard Duke of Glou-
cester, afterwards Richard the
Third ; and this entry is another
proof of the readiness with which
Elizabeth relieved those jvho
had, in however humble a degree,
assisted any of her kindred.

Robes, for making, 40.

• yeoman of the Queen's,

his bills, 105.
Robynet, 13, 29, 55, 82, 86.

The queen's embroiderer. It
does not appear whether this was
his baptismal or surname. He
was boarded and lodged at the
queen's charge.

Rochester, Bishop of, 52.

Richard Fitz James, the de-
scendant of an ancient Somerset-
shire family, and uncle of Sir
John Fitz James, Chief Justice

INDEX AND NOTES.

219

from 1 526 to 1539 ; he was Bishop
of Rochester from the 17th May
1497 to January 1504, when he
was translated to Chichester, and
thence, in August 1506, to Lon-
don, and died January 15, 1522.
Rockers, to, 100, 103.

The situation of rocker to the
royal family yet exists. Those
mentioned in these accounts were
rockers to the queen's nephews
and niece, the children of her
sister Lady Katharine Courtenay,
arid the wages of one were thirty
shillings per annum, but the time
for which the others were paid is
not stated. Mr. Ellis has printed
a warrant, which he styles a let-
ter, from Henry the Seventh, to
the treasurer and chamberlains
of the exchequer, commanding
them to pay the arrears of wages
due to Lady Darcy " Lady Mais-
tres," and " five markes sterlinges
unto oure welbeloved Agnes But-
ler and Emly Hobbes, rockers of
our said son, that is to say to
every of them, xxxiijs. iiijd. for
their wages of the half yere, ended
at Easter last passed." — Original
Letters, Second Series, i. p. 170.
Whence it seems that their wages
were 61. 12*. 8d. each more than
those of the rockers of the young
Courtenays. The servants in
the nursery of the Earl of Nor-
thumberland in 1512, consisted
of " two rokkers and a childe to
attend in nursery." — Northum-
berland Household Book, p. 43.
In the Regulations ordained by
Henry VII., under the " Array
of her Majesty's infants," it is
provided that the child shall " be
hadde into the nursery where it
shall be nourished with a lady
governour to the nursery nurse,
with four Chamberers, called
Rockers, and the chamberlaine to
give them their othes." — p. 127-

Roke, William, of Kidlington,
34.
Apparently a wheelwright.

Rolf, John.
See RAUF.

Roper, Henry,' 10, 19, 36, 40,
41,49,53, 58, 71,72, 98.
Page of the beds. His duties were

to go messages, purchase articles,
to attend the queen in her pro-
gresses and journeys, to prepare
for her reception, &c. : his wages
were 8d. a day.

Roses for crewel to purfle, 83.
See CREWEL and PITRFLE.

brought, 21.

Roundseval, the fraternity of Our
Lady of, 21 .

A cell of St. Mary de Ronceval
stood on the site of Northumber-
land House.

Russet, gown of, 17.

A coarse cloth. In the 37th
Edward III., 1363, servants of
husbandry and other persons not
having goods or chattels worth
40s., were forbidden to wear any
other apparel than what was made
of blanket and russet cloths of the
value of \2d. a yard. — Rot. Parl.
ii., 279—282.

.. cotton for the queen's

car, 104.

Russet is denned to be a reddish
brown. Dr. Johnson observes,
" Newton seems to use it for
grey, but, if the etymology be re-
garded, improperly." Palsgrave,
however, in 1530, translates
" Russet," by " Gra," grey.

Rutt, , 85.

The queen's shoemaker.

Sadlers, to, 92.
Sadler, Nicholas, 104.
Saddle, for covering a, 17.
St Adrean, offering to, 3.
St. Alban's, Monastery of, 109.

. — — payments to the

Anchoresses of St. Peter and
St. Michael near, 1, 102.
St. Amand, Lord, 44, 45, 46,
47, 48, 67.

Richard Beauchamp, Lord St.
Amand, who succeeded his father
in that dignity in 1457, was at-
tainted in 1483, restored in the
1st Hen. VII., and died without
legitimate issue in 1508. All
these entries relate to bucks sent
by him to the queen.
2 F 2

220

INDEX AND NOTES.

St. Anne in the Wood, near
Bristol, 42.

In the Itinerary of William of
Worcester is a notice " De ca-
pella St. Annae per duo miliaria
de Bristollia," in the forest of
Kingswood. — D.

St. Augustine, offering to, 3.
St. Bennett's, London, parson

of, 25.
St. Clement, the Fraternity of,

without Temple Bar, 86.
St. Dominick, offering to, 3.
St. Edward, of Westminster, of-
fering to, 56.

St. Francis, offering to, 3.
St. Fredeswide, of Oxford, of-
ferings to, 36, 39.
St. George, offering to, 42.
St. Ignasi, offering to, 3.
St. John, offering to, 14.
St. Paul's, offering to, 81.

the rood of the north

door in, and our Lady of
Grace there, 3.
St. Saviour, offering to, 4.
St. Sepulchre, London, the fra-
ternity of Corpus Christi, in
the parochial church of, 9.
St. Sinai, Katherine's Mount in,
two friars of the monastery
of, 21.
St. Ursula, brotherhood of, in

London, 77.
Salisbury, Bishop of, 90.

Edmund Audley was bishop of
Salisbury from 2nd April, 1502,
to the 23rd August, 1524, when
he died.

Sampler, an ell of linen cloth
bought for one for the Queen,
30.

Sand, for, 80.
Sandys, Sir William, 70.

Apparently the first Lord San-
dys, a distinguished favourite
both with Henry the Seventh and
Henry the Eighth.
Sarcenets, 9, 16, 19, 22, 32, 34,
51, 54.
By statute 17th Edward IV.,

1477? the wives and unmarried
daughters of persons having pos-
sessions of the yearly value of
201. or upwards, were permitted
" to use and were in their colers,
ventes and slefes of their gownes
and hukes sateyn chamelet, sar-
cenet or tarteron." The wives
and unmarried daughters of per-
sons whose possessions yielded 40s.
and upwards per annum, might
also use sarcenets and tarterons in
this manner. — Rot. Par I. vi. 189.

Sarvington, Walter, 107.

Receiver of the queen's reve-
nues in the counties of Wilts,
Berks, and Southampton.

Satin, for, 8, 9, 15, 16, 17, 66,
69.

By statute 3rd and 4th Edward
IV., 14G3-4, the use of damask
and satin was confined to esquires
and yeomen of the King's house-
hold ; to sergeants, esquires, and
gentlemen, having possessions of
the yearly value of 40/. ; and to
persons of higher rank. — Rot.
Parl. v. 504b. See also statute
22nd Edward IV., Ibid. vi. 221,
and SARCENET, supra.

Savernake, forest of, in Wilt-
shire, 67.

This forest was confirmed in
dower to Elizabeth, Queen of
Edward I V.— Rot. Parl. v. 62?.

Saucery, the, 2.

The Saucery was, it seems, the de-
partment in the King's household
which provided the sauces. In
the 33rd Hemy VI., the officers of
the saucery consisted of a ser-
geant, clerk, yeoman and groom
for the King's mouth, and of a
yeoman and three grooms for the
hall. — Regulations of the Royal
Household, 4to. 1790, p. *22. In
the l?th Henry VIII., in the
statutes of Eltham, the duties of
the clerk and yeoman of " the
pastry and sausery" are defined ;
the principal of which were to see
all their baked meats well season-
ed and served, according to the
appointment of the clerk of the
kitchen, " without embessellihg
or giveing away any of the same,
and also that there be no wasteful

INDEX AND NOTES.

221

expenses made of flower nor
sawce within the said office." —
Ibid. p. 238. See SQUILLERY.

Saxilby, Mrs., 11.

Probably the Elizabeth Saxby
who received 51. as part of her
salary in the 1st Hen. VIII. —
Additional MS. in the British
Museum, 7100.

Say, Mrs. Ann, 34, 38, 48, 52.
One of the queen's gentlewomen.
Her board, whilst ill at Wood-
stock, cost Is. 4d. a week. A
William Say, Esquire, was usher
of the chamber to Henry VI. in
1450. — Rot. Part. v. 191 b.

Sayeing, gift to a man " sayeing
himself to lodge in his house
the Earl Rivers," 78.
" Saying," in this sense, appears
to mean incurring danger or in-
convenience ; and this person was
rewarded for affording shelter to
the Earl Rivers, the queen's
uncle, in the time of his distress,
and when it was treason to pro-
tect him. The word seems to be
the same as " assaying," which,
in one sense, imports trial by
danger or distress ; difficulty,
hardship. — Todd's Johnson. Mr.
Gage, however, suggests that
" saying" merely meant that this
person said he had lodged the
Earl Rivers.

School hire, for, 76, 105.

Eightpence a quarter was the sum
paid for the school hire of a young
favourite of the Queen's. See
PALLET.

Schoolmaster, the Prince's, 28.
See PRINCE.

Scots, the Queen of, 10, 19, 22,
23, 29, 34, 38, 86, 89, 93.
Margaret, the queen's eldest
daughter. She was born No-
vember 29, 1489, and in 1502,
being then fourteen, was affi-
anced to James IV., King of Scot-
land, and married him in the fol-
lowing year, after whose death at
Flodden Field, she remarried in
1514, Archibald Douglas, Earl of
Angus. On the death of Queen
Elizabeth, her great-grandson
became King of England in her
right.

Seal, a, brought, 2.

Searing, candles for the altar
clothes, 83.

Seler of beds and cloths of es-
tate, 65, 66.

Palsgrave translates " Sellar of a
bedde" ciel, which Cotgrave ex-
plains to be " a canopy for the
testerns and valances of a bed,
also the canopy that is carried
over a prince as he walks in state."
Lady Hastings, in 1503, bequeath-
ed to her nephew " a fedur bedde,
aboulster, a blanket, a chike hap-
ping, an old counterpoint, sillor
and testor." Among the effects
of Sir John Fastolf, temp. Henry
VI., in one of the sleeping apart-
ments were " j purpeynt of white
j seloure and j testoure" on which
word the editor of that inventory
has remarked " Seloure or seler is
probably the head of a bed. Ce-
lura is rendered by Du Cange
' lecti supremum tegmen, Lat.
Ccelum, Gall. Ciel de Lit.' " Ar-
chaologia, xxi., 262. That celour
or seler also meant a canopy is
manifest from the account of the
coronation of Henry VIII., in
the College of Arms, and printed
as part of the evidence of Colonel
Berkeley's claim to the barony
of Berkeley. " Canapy to be
borne over the King. The Kyng
shall ryde opin heckled under a
scale of cloth of gold," &c. p. 219.
" The cele or canapi borne over
the quene." — p. 220. " The scale
or canapy."_p. 222.

Sergeants at law, 101.

Severn, for conveying the Queen
over the, 43.

Seymour, Sir John, 67, 81.

Father of the Protector Somerset,
and of Queen Jane Seymour.
He was knighted for his services
at the battle of Blackheath in
1497; in 1507 was sheriff of
Wiltshire; and was made a knight
banneret in 1513 for his gallantry
at Therouenne and Tournay.
He died 21st December, 1536,
aged sixty. Collins' Peerage, ed.
1779, vol. i., p. 143.

Shadde, William, 10, 54, 64.
Neither of these entries afford

222

INDEX A.ND NOTES.

any information as to who this
person was.

Shalmewes, the, 91.

Players on the Shalms, i.e., the
base cornet. A note with an en-
graving of a shalm is given in
the Privy Purse Expenses of
Henry Fill., p. 351, and in the
Northumberland Household Book,
where the following entry occurs:
" My Lord useth and accustometh
yerly when his Lordship is at
home to gyf to iij of the Kyng's
Shames when they com to my
Lord yerly, xs."

Shanks, fur and tavelyns of, 89.
See a note in the index to the
Wardrobe Accounts of Edward
IF.

Shaw, Sir John, 52.

A goldsmith and Mayor of Lon-
don in 1501. He was the son of
John Shaa of Rochford and Essex,
and was knighted on the field by
Henry VII. His name often oc-
curs in the Privy Purse Expenses
of Henry VII., as having sold
the King plate, and as being
paid once 4/., and another time
31. 3s., for a George of the Order
of the Garter. He appears to
have been one of the executors of
Sir Reginald Bray, K.G., in Au-
gust, 1503.

Sheets, for making1, 22.

• for various kinds of, 81.

Shepherd, to a Disar that played
the, 53.

It has been suggested under
" Disar," that this en 117 is of a
payment to a man who acted the
part of the shepheard in some his-
trionic performance. What the
piece was of which the shepherd
was the prominent part, cannot
perhaps be decidedly ascertained ;
but it may be conjectured that
it was the Adoration of the
Shepheards, which was often
embroidered on arras and tapes-
try. In the account of the ef-
fects of Sir John Fastolf, under
" Clothes of Arras and of Tapstre
warke," is " Imprimis, j clothe
of Arras, clyped the Schipherd's

clothe ;" and in the " Magna
Camera ultra aulam Estevalem,
j clothe of Arras of the Schip-
herds," which Mr. Douce con-
siders to have been a description
[query representation] of the
adoration of the Shepherds. —
Archceologia, xxi., 257, 262.

Shire Thursday 1, 4.

Or Maunday Thursday. See
MAUNDAY. The etymology of
Shire Thursday is thus explained
in the " Festival" printed by
Wynkyn de Worde in 1511,
f. xxx, p. 2, and f. xxxi.
" Yf a man aske why S/iere
Thursday is called so, ye may
saye that in Holy Churche it is
called (Cena Domini) our Lordes
Souper daye ; for that day he
souped with his Discyples openly;
and after souper he gave them his
flesshe and his blode to etc and
drynke. It is also in Englysshe
called Sher Thursdaye, for in olde
faders dayes the people wold that
daye shere there theyr heedes, and
clyppe theyr berdes, and poll theyr
heedes, and so make them honest
ayenst Ester Day." A corre-
spondence on the word will be
found in the Gentleman's Maga-
zine, vol. xlix.

Shirts, for, 17, 76, 81, 105.

Shoes, for, 26, 38, 61, 75, 76,
85, 86, 98, 105.

Shrines, various, noticed, 3.

Shurley, Thomas, 4, 23.

Yeoman of the Queen's Cham-
ber ; his wages were Is. a day.

Sickness, offerings made by the
Queen during- her, 37.
Made to induce the saints to in-
tercede for her recovery.

Signet, Office of the, 100.
Silks, for, 5, 19, 27, 55, 67, 75,

92.

Sion, Abbess of, 13, 89.
Skeling, Alice, 99.

One of the Queen's attendants.
Skinner, Heyward, 100.
Skinners, to, 88, 97.
Sleeves, for making-, 23, 93.

" Sleeves belonging to coats and

INDEX AND NOTES.

223

gowns were so contrived that they
might be either affixed to, or se-
parated from, them, as occasion
required ; they were commonly
made of different materials, and
were frequently superbly orna-
mented. The following articles
are selected from an account of
the apparel left in the wardrobes
of Henry VIII., after his de-
cease : ' A pair of truncke sleeves
of redde cloth of gold with cut
works, having twelve pair of ag-
lets of gold," and these sleeves
were welted with black velvet.
A pair of French sleeves of
green velvet richly embroidered
with flowers of damask gold, pirl
of Morisco work with knops of
Venice gold, cordian raised, either
sleeve having six small buttons
of gold and in every button a
pearl and the branches of the
flowers set with pearles.' The
sleeves are also said, in some in-
stances, to have had^cuffs to them,
and in others, to have been ruffed,
that is, ornamented with ruffs or
ruffles, at the hands." — Strutt's
Dress and Habits, ii. 360, 3?5.

Sleeves belonging to gowns, 34,
35.

" Sleeve of a gown or any other
garment" is translated by Pals-
grave by the word manche, which
is an ancient heraldic bearing.
By statute 17 Edward IV., it was
ordained that it should be lawful
for the wives and unmarried
daughters of persons worth 201, a
year or upwards, to " use and
were in their colers, ventes, and
slefes of their gownes and hukes
sarcenet or tarteron." — Rot. Parl.
vi. 189.

Smith, Henry, 31.

Clerk of Windsor Castle.

Smocks, for, 34.

Smyth, Richard, yeoman of the
Queen's robes, 18, 50, 74, 75,
105.

, bailiff of Swalow-

feld, 108.

A William Smyth was page of
the robes in the llth Henry VII.

Soap, for, 75.

Socks, for fustian and cloth for
making, 16, 61, 66.

" Socke for ones foot, chausson"
occurs in Palsgrave. A pair for
the feet cost 2rf., whilst a pair of
hosen came to lOd. The cloth
and making of one pair for the
Queen cost 3s. 6d.

Somerset, revenues of the county
of, 107.

Southwark, the fraternity of St.
George in, 7.

Spain, Lady of, a letter given to,
69.

to a maid of, that danced

before the Queen, 89.

the Prothonotary of, 4.

Spaniard, to a, 43.

All the persons here mentioned
probably came to this country in
consequence of Prince Arthur's
marriage with Katherine of Ar-
ragon. In the Privy Purse Ex-
penses of Henry VII. is an entry
of two pounds being given " to a
Spaniard that tumbled."

Spangles, for, 21.

The entry where this word occurs
explains its meaning. See also
SPANGLES, in the index to the
Wardrobe Accounts of Edward IV.

Spaniels, for their food, 94.
Spynell, Anthony, 61.

A goldsmith, and apparently a

foreigner.

Squillery, to the, 2.

Query, Scullery, the duties of
which are sufficiently obvious. In
the Household of George, Duke of
Clarence, in 1468, were " In the
squillery and salserie a yeoman a
groom and a page." It was the
duty of the sergeant of the squil-
lery, in the 17th Henry VIII.,
" to see his vessels, as well silver
as pewter, to be well and truly
kept and saved from losses and
stealing." He was also sergeant
of the woodyard.
Stable, the expenses of the

Queen's, 18, 30, 45, 62, 93,

97, 104.

Independently of the two entries
where the amount has been obli-

224

INDEX AND NOTES.

terated, the whole sum paid for
the expenses of the Queen's stable
was 3732. 17s.

Stable, to the officers and keep-
era of the Queen's, with a buck
in reward, 38.

Stations, 6.

" Privileged altars, where, with
proper dispositions, indulgences
might be obtained under bulls
from the Holy See. Thus St.
Peter's and the other Basilicks at
Koine have privileged altars to
which the devotion of individuals
frequently leads them, and the
visiting of which is often made
one of the conditions for obtain,
ing the indulgence of the jubilee ;
when the faithful are said to
make the stations. It appears
that the Queen offered at certain
places, which were called ' her
stations,' one of which seems to
have been the high altar of Rich-
mond, and others were probably
some of the shrines noticed in
these accounts. The Queen may
have made her stations in fulfil-
ment of some vow, or in satis-
faction of a canonical penance.
Besides the privileged altars in
churches, it must be observed,
that it is not uncommon to find
standing together in the open air,
as in the Coliseum at Rome, on
mountains, and in other places,
certain privileged altars or ora-
torios corresponding with the
number of stations of the Passion,
a practice of private devotion ;
and in this sense is to be under-
stood the passage from Chaucer—
' Yet I have been at Rome also,
And gone the statyons all a
row." ' G.

Stafford, Lady Elizabeth, 41,
80, 99.

One of the Queen's gentlewomen,
who had the comparatively high
salary of 33Z. 6s. 8d. She was
possibly the Queen's first cousin,
namely, the daughter of Henry,
Duke of Buckingham, by Kathe-
rine, daughter of Earl Rivers.
She married Robert Ratcliffe,
Lord Fitz Walter aud Earl of
Sussex.

Stafford, Mrs., 14, 39.

William, 12, 14.

Both these persons were servants
of the Queen, and were probably
husband and wife.

Standers, 25.

Apparently iron uprights used in
building.

Standard, key of the great, 68.
A large chest generally used for
carrying plate, jewels, or other
valuable articles. The word oc-
curs in this sense in the Privy
Purse Expenses of Henry VIII.
The clerks of the Earl of Northum-
berland's foreign expenses of the
works of the kitchin, &c., were
allowed at every removal " a gret
standert chist for carying of there
Bookes."— Northumberland House-
hold Book, p. 389. Among the
effects in Sir Thomas Kytson's
wardrobe, was " one great stand-
ard, with locke and keye bound
with iron." — History of Hengrave^
p. 34. John Cornwallis, Esq.,
speaks in his will, in 1506," of all
the brewyng vessells and stand,
ards in the brewhouse and bake-
house." In the last instance the
word is used for tresil, stand, or
stadle.

Staples, for, 20, 25.

Stars, for, 21.

Ornaments for the jackets of per-
sons who were to perform in the
" disguising."

Staunton, John, 47, 51.

groom of the

Queen's chamber, 36, 41.

the elder, 21.

23, 24, 53, 100.

the younger, 77.

Possibly the son of the above-
named. All these entries pro-
bably relate to the same person.

Stebenhithe, 9.

The Duchess of Suffolk, the
Queen's aunt, appears, from this
entry, to have resided at Stepney.

Stirrups, for, 104.

Stokeclare, Our Lady of, 3.

Stoks, Margaret, 82.
An embroiderer.

INDEX AND NOTES.

Stole, carriage of the Queen's,
45.

The stole, in this sense, was a
kind of packing chest for robes
and clothes. " The King's cham-
berlain to assign for the ij
garderobes and the King's cham-
bre for the male and s/oo/e, and
other stuff needful, to the some
of xii or xvj sompter horses."
" The Stoole is here kept," i.e., in
the office of the Wardrobe. See
the Regulations of the royal
household, temp. Henry VII.,
pp. 40, 41, whence " Groom of
the Stole."

sheets for the, 81.

"Sheets for the stool" were pro-
bably sheets laid to wrap clothes
in.

Stools, for fetching and making
the Queen's, 7, bis 16.
Four of these stools were " work-
ing stooles ;" another was covered
with scarlet ; and the carriage of
one from London to Langley cost
14d. It seems that they were
used for sitting on, rather than for
the feet.

Stourton, fee farm of, 109.

Stormy, John, of Chertsey, 17.

Straight-white, for five yards of,
104.

Cloth called " straights" is fre-
quently mentioned on the rolls of
parliament.

Strakes, for placing on the close
car, 34.

" The strakes or streaks of a
wheel are the iron plates that shoe
the fellows of a wheel or be nailed
round the circumference of it." —
Kennett's Glossary.

Stratfeld Mortimer, 106.
See MORTIMER.

Stuff, for conveying, 5, 39, 50,
68, 74, 79.
Goods of various kinds.

Sudbury, Our Lady of, 3.

Suffolk, Duchess of, 9, 86, 88.
Elizabeth Plantagenet, second
daughter of Richard, Duke of
York, and sister of King Edward
IV., then widow of John de la
Pole, Duke of Suffolk, K.G., who

died in 1491. By him she had
issue John, who was created Earl
of Lincoln vita patris, and was
declared heir to the throne by
Richard III., in the event of the
death of his own son, and died
». p. 1487, Edmund, who will be
again noticed ; Humphrey and
Edward, priests ; Richard, who
assumed the title of Duke of
Suffolk, was called the " White
Rose," and was killed at Pavia in
1525, s, p. ; Katherine, who is
said to have married William,
Lord Stourton, but who is pro-
bably confounded with the Ka-
therine Stourton hereafter men-
tioned ; Ann, a nun, at Sion ;
Dorothy, who died unmarried ;
and Elizabeth, who married
Henry, Lord Morley, and died
*. p. Glover notices likewise a
son William, who married Ka-
therine, daughter of William,
Lord Stourton, and widow of
William, Lord Grey. Harl. MSS.
807, P- xi- The duchess is stated,
in Frost's Notices of Hutl, to have
died on the 16th November, 16
Henry VII., 1500; but there can
be little doubt, from the entry in
p. 88, of a buck having been then
given her, that she was living in
January 1503. It is evident from
these accounts that she was
treated with much attention by
her niece, the Queen. Though
the mother of nine children, her
descendants became extinct in the
third generation.

Suffolk, Duchess of, receipts of

her lands, 111.
• Edmond de la Pole,

Earl of, 5.

Second son of John, Duke of
Suffolk, by Elizabeth Plantagenet
above mentioned. His brother
John, Earl of Lincoln, dying in
1487, Edmund became heir to his
father on his death in 1491 ; but
he was prevented from inheriting
the honours of his family in conse-
quence of his brother's attainder.
He was styled, apparently by
courtesy only, " Earl of Suffolk ;"
and from his imprudent temper,
frequently incurred the King's
displeasure, to whom his birth
2 G

226

INDEX AND NOTES.

rendered him an object of jea-
lousy. Having killed a mean
person, he was indicted for the
crime in 1501, and, though par-
doned by Henry, he was placed at
the bar of the King's Bench, and
formally arraigned, which so of-
fended his pride, probably because
he deemed that he ought to have
been tried by his peers, that he
quitted the realm without the
King's leave, and went to his
aunt the Duchess of Burgundy.
Notwithstanding his conduct, he
contrived to make his peace
with Henry, and returned to
England ; but soon after Prince
Arthur's marriage, he went
again to Flanders, for which he
was solemnly accursed at Paul's
Cross, by a Bull, in October
1502, and was attainted in 1503.
It was on this occasion that his
wife was placed under the care
of the Duchess of Norfolk.
After remaining in exile for
some years, he was at length
brought to England, and was
beheaded on Tower Hill for
treason, on the 5th April, 5
Henry VIII., 1513. He married,
according to Dugdale, Sandford,
and other authorities, Margaret,
daughter of Richard Lord Scrope,
but she was., in fact, the daughter
and coheir of Sir Richard Scrope,
second son of Henry Lord Scrope,
of Bolton, by Elizabeth, daughter
of John Lord Scrope, of Upsal.
By her, whose will was proved in
May 1515, he had a daughter,
Ann, who took the veil in the
Minories about March 1511. Ad-
ditional MS. in the British Mu-
seum, 7100. Sandford's Genea-
logical History. Hall's Chronicle.
Rot. Parl., vi., 545. Testamenla
Fetusta, p. 530.
Sukcads, brought, 43.

A kind of sweetmeat. In. the
account of the feast at the instal-
lation of Archbishop Warham in
1466, is " jely ipocras, tench flo-
ryshed, lampray pistr', quince and
orange pistr', tart melior, leche
florentine, marmalade succade,
comfettes, wafers," the two last
with ipocras. Leland's Collecta-
nea, vi. 28. Socado, or sucado,

which was the same article, is
twice mentioned as having been
brought to Henry VIII. Privy
Purse Expenses, pp. 184, 224, once
" In reward for bringing ij barells
ofsocado and cakes to the king's
grace :" " In reward for bring-
ing sucado and marmalado to the
King's grace at Eltham."

Surgeon's bills, 14, 70, 105.
Surveying the Queen's land, for,

101.

Swallowfieldpark, 18, 108, 111.
. — the under keeper

of, 30.

Tables, money given the Queen
at, 43.

The old name for backgammon.
See a note in the Privy Purse Ex-
penses of Henry nil., p. 356.

Talbot, Sir Gilbert, 64.

Apparently Sir Gilbert Talbot,
of Grafton, K.G., ancestor of the
Earls of Shrewsbury of that name.
He was a privy councillor to
Henry VII., from whom he re-
ceived numerous favours, and
whom he served with ability and
zeal ; and died in September 1516.

Tallowing.
See BARGE.

Tame, Edmund, 108.

Receiver of the revenue of the
Queen's lands in Gloucestershire
and Wilts. " Afterwards Sir Ed-
mund. He was the son of John
Tame, an opulent merchant of
London, who purchased the
manor of Fairford in Gloucester-
shire, and built there a beautiful
church, which still remains in
nearly a perfect state, with the
finest stained glass in all its win-
dows. Following his father's ex-
ample, Sir Edmund Tame built a
church at Readcombe, an adjoin-
ing village. — See Leland's Itine-
rary." D.

Tapetts, 14.

In this sense, cloths for the
sumpter horses ; but tapetts also
meant tapestry. See Tapets in
the Index to the Wardrobe Ac-
counts of Edward IV.

INDEX AND NOTES.

Tavelyns of Shanks, 89.

See the Index to the Wardrobe
Accounts of Edward If.

Tavern, money given the mi-
nisters of the King's Chapel
to drink at a, 23.

Taylor's bill, 40.

Temple Bar, 86.

Thornbury in Gloucestershire, to
the church of, 43.

Thread for, 65, 66, 83, 91.

Throckmorton, Christopher,Esq.
110.

Tippetts, sarcenet for the Queen's,
54.

" The tippet appears to have been
a part of dress something resem-
bling the partelet, and worn about
the neck. It varied in size and
form ; for it was sometimes large
and long like a mantle, at other
times, it was narrow and scarcely
covered the top of the shoulders.
Like the partelet, it was used by
men as well as by women."— Strutt's
• Dresses and Habits, ii., p. 368.
" The partelet," to which Strutt
compares the tippet, " answered
the purpose," he says, " of the
gorget which he describes on the
authority of John de Reun, a
French poet of the thirteenth
century, as an article which was
wrapped two or three times round
the neck, and then fastened with
a great quantity of pins, which
raised it on either side of the
face so as to resemble two horns,
whilst it was so closely attached
to the chin as to look as if it was
nailed to it." " The partelets,"
he continues, " came into fashion
towards the fifteenth century, and
were common to both sexes. Those
belonging to women were made
of various stuffs of the most
valuable and delicate kind. Some-
times they are described as being
without sleeves, whence it may
be inferred that they sometimes
had them." " The tippet worn
by ladies at the time of mourn-
ing, was quite another thing : it
was a long narrow stripe of cloth
attached to the hood or to the
sleeves of the wearer." Ibid.,

pp. 167, 368. Tippets were like-
wise worn round the head.
" With his tipet ybounde about

his tied,
And she came after in a gite of

red." — Reve's Tale, 1. 3951.
which agrees with the following
ordinance which is cited by Strutt,
p. 323.

" Be it remembered that none
may weare hoodes, under the de-
gree of au esquire of the King's
household, but only tippets of a
quarter of a yard in breadth, ex-
cept in time of need, and then
they may wear hoodes." Occleve,
in his censure on the dress of his
times, and of the " foule waste of
cloth," says that a yard of broad
cloth was expended in one man's
tippet.— Ibid., p. 254. A part of
the costume of a priest was also
called a tippet ; Palsgrave trans-
lates " Typpet for a preest" by
" cornette," and William Water,
vicar of New Church, mentions
in his will in 1508, his " velvet
tippet." In De Moleon's " Voy-
ages Liturgiques," a canon of St.
John's, of Lyons, is represented
habited in his fur tippet. PI. iv.

Tithes, for, 25.

Tourney, a bed of a, 39.

Query, a bed on which was worked
the representation of a " tour-
ney" or tournament.

Tower, the, 8, 10, 11, 15, 16,
17,36,78,80,85,87,91,93,

95, 96, 97, 98.

It appears that the Queen was at
the Tower from the 27th April
to the 2nd May 1502 ; that she
arrived there on the 12th Decem-
ber in that year, and remained
until her accouchement, soon after
which she died there.

Transoms, for, 25.

Travice, or Travers, Laurence,
63, 79, 100.

This person, whose name is thus
variously written, was apparently
in attendance on the young Cour-
tenays, the Queen's nephews
and niece.

Trende, William, 96.

One of the royal servants.
2 G 2

228

INDEX AND NOTES.

Tripe, brought, 64.

Troye, 44, 47.

Troy Mitchel, or Mitchel Troy,
about three miles south-west of
Monmouth, which place the
Queen visited during her pro-
gress into Wales in September
1503.

Trumpeters, coats of white and
green sarcenet for the, 78.
These dresses, the colours of
which, white and green, were the
King's livery, seem to have been
made for the trumpeters to wear
at the " disguising" in the pre-
ceding year.

Trussing bed, for making a, 65.
Trussing beds were beds used in
travelling, when it was the custom
for persons of consequence to carry
their beds with them. Palsgrave
translates " Trussyng bedde" by
"lit de champ," i.e., field bed.
John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancas-
ter, gave, by his will, dated in
February 1397) to his Duchess,
" mes lits faites pur mon corps,
appelles en Engleterre, trussyng
beddes." Nichols' Royal Wills,
p. 155. In the list of horses kept
by the Earl of Northumberland
were, " A horsse for my lordes
eloth-sak with his bedde," and
" a hors for the grome of the
stable to ryde upon that ledes the
eloth-sek horsse that caryeth my
lords trussynge bed and all thyngs
belongynge yt when he rydes his
hors." — Northumberland House-
hold Book, pp. 55, 120, 358, 359.
Dr. Percy conjectures that a
trussing bed could be trussed or
packed in a cloth-sek or portman-
teau. " To truss," means to
pack close. A pair of trussing
coffers were sent to the King of
Scotland in 1430. Foedera, x. 470;
and the same articles, as well as
" cotton to trusse plate," are
mentioned in the Privy Purse
Expenses of Henry fill., pp. 49,
190. In the " Form of Making
the King's Bed," temp. Henry
VIII., to trusse seems to be used
synonymously " to tuck in."
" The first sheete to be layed and
then to trusse in both sheete and
fustyan rounde about the bedde

of downe," " to trusse the endes
of the said sheete under every
end of the bolster." — Archceologia,
iv., 313. A remarkable instance
of the use of the word trussing
will be found in the Wardrobe
Accounts of Edward IV.

Twycrosse, Leonard, 49.

A servant.
Tyler, William, desar, 87.

See DESAR.

Usher, the King's gentleman,
91, 92.

John Whiting.
Undrewood, Dr., 59.

The Queen's Confessor. Pro-
bably Edmund Underwood, who
resigned the prebendary of Sneat-
ing in St. Paul's, before the 28th
June, 1518. Bliss's Wood's Fasti
O-jonienses, i., 78.

Utton, Dr., 83.

Valance of a cloth of estate, 66.

Vandelf, John, 66, 88.
A goldsmith.

Velvet, for, 10, 17, 19, 22, 64,
65, 75.

Velvet appears then to have been
from 10s. to 10s. 6d. a yard.

Venice, gold and silk of, 8.
See GOLD.

Verney, Sir Ralph, 63.

Probably the Sir Ralph Verney
who was sheriff of Bedford and
Bucks in the third, sixteenth,
and thirty-secondof Henry VIII.,
and ancestor of the Earls Verney,
&c., in Ireland.

, Eleanor, Lady, 8, 30,

36, 39, 43,55, 57,84,91, 99.
One of the Queen's gentlewomen.
Her salary was 20 /i. per annum.
It is probable that this lady was
Eleanor, daughter and heir of
John Loutham of Northampton,
and widow of Sir Richard Ver-
ney, of Compton Murdock and
Warwick, Knight, who died in
1490, ancestor of the Lords Wil-
loughby de Broke. If this con-
jecture be correct, she must have
been then aged.

Venison brought, 45.

INDEX AND NOTES.

229

Venison, carriage of, 59.

Vysys, two quartered boards
with, 74.

Apparently, vices or screws. Sir
William Bruges, Garter King of
Arras, bequeathed by his will in
1449, to the church of St. George,
of Stamford, " a tabernacle well
ywrought of sylver and over gilt
of the wight of one marc or
thereabouts goying with a bill to
be set high upon the coupe : and
above upon the point of the seyd
tabernacle, a litel cross of silver
and over gilt, goyng also by a
vyce."

Vineyard, the, 44.

One of the country seats of the
Abbots of Gloucester, one mile
distant from that city, near the
road which leads to Flaxley in the
forest of Dean. — D.

VVafry, to the, 90.

The Waferywas, and still is, one
of the offices of the royal house-
hold ; an account of it will be
found in the Liber Niger Ed-
ward IV., printed in the Collec-
tion of Regulations of the Royal
Household.

Wages of the Queen's servants,
99, 100.

On the 13th April, 1503, about
two months after the Queen's
death, the following entries occur
in the Privy Purse Expenses of
Henry VII.

" For the wages of the Queen's
ladys and gentlewomen, 68/.
For the wages of the servants of
her staple, 47/- 12*. 4rf."
It appears from the same accounts
and those of the 1st Henry VIII.,
that the salaries of some of her
ladies continued to be paid long
after her decease.

of various persons, 82.

Wakefeld, Robert, bailitf of Odi-

ham, 107.

Wales, shoes, &c., bought on the
Queen's going into, 85, 86.

when the Queen returned

from, 92.

The Queen commenced her pro-
gress into Wales in August 1502,

and crossed the Severn on her
return on the 28th of that
month.

Walker, John, 4.
Yeoman Almoner.

Waller, John, 86.

His servant was rewarded for
bringing a goshawk to the Queen.

Walsingham, our Lady of, 3.
The famous image of the Vir-
gin Mary, which was preserved
in the Priory of Black Canons at
Walsingham in Norfolk, was ce-
lebrated all over Europe for the
great resort of pilgrims, and the
rich offerings made to it.

Walston, 49.

Woolaston, in the hundred of
Westbury, in Gloucestershire.

Waltier, Lewis, 6, 15, 24, 60,
73, 85, 94, 95.
Master of the Queen's barge.
His wages were Wcl. per diem,
and to him the wages of the
rowers and other expenses of con-
veying the Queen and her suite
by water, and of repairing the
barge, &c., were paid. See
BARGE.

Wapping Mill, men hung at, 14.
Ward, Simon, 97.

Lorimer of London.
Wardemole, for dyeing, 81.

" Waddemole, now called Woad-
mel, and in Oxfordshire, Wodne-
nell, a coarse sort of stuff used
for the covering of the collars of
cart horses. Ray, in his Collec-
tion of East and South Country
Words, describes it to be a hairy,
coarse stuff, made of Island wool,
[query Iceland], and brought
thence by our seamen to Norfolk
and Suffolk. Perhaps from the
Saxon Veob, grass, hay, weed,
and Mele, any hollow continent,
as if a collar stuffed with straw
or hay ; or possibly from the Island
Vaijtur, a rope, or any wod of
coarse hemp, and Mel, to beat or
mall, ' Et in quinque virgatis de
Waddemole emptis pro coleris
equinis hoc anno, ij sol j denar.' "
— Kennett's Glossary. It is evi-
dent that Wardemole was a kind
of coarse cloth, and in this sense
the word is frequently used by

230

INDEX AND NOTES.

Sir Walter Scott in the " Monas-
tery;" and in the supplement to
Dr. Jamieson's Dictionary of the
Scottish Language, no other au-
thority is cited for the word,
which is there said to mean " a
coarse cloth made in the Ork.
neys," than that delightful ro-
mance.
Wardens, brought, 6.

Large pears. See a note on this
word in the Privy Purse Expenses
of Henry Fill., p. 360.

Wardrobe of the Queen's beds,
53, 54.

Warreyn, John, 65.
A bed maker.

Warwick, 69.

Watch, King's, to the, 90.

The King's watch consisted, it is
presumed, of the twenty-four
yeomen of the crown ; and it was
the duty of the Wait to " pipe the
watch" four times during the
night, from Michaelmas to Shire
Thursday, and in summer three
times. Regulations of the Royal
Household^ temp. Henry VII.,
pp. 38, 48.

Water, for heating, 4.

Watermen, wages of, 6, 15, 24,
60, 75,94, 96.
See BARGE and WALTIERS.

Wax, for, 16, 17, 56, 103.

White wax was \Qd. a pound,
being double the price of yellow
wax.

Wayne, i. e., Wain, paid for
bringing one which had broken
down, 46.

Wedding clothes, for the pur-
chase of, 4.

gown for a, 49.

Sixteen shillings were given to an
apothecary " towards his wed-
ding gown," and forty shillings
to the page of the Queen's beds
" towards the buying of his wed-
ding clothing." The custom of
presenting favourites and depen-
dants with their wedding clothes
was very common, and instances
of it will be found in the Ward-
robe Accounts of Edward IV.

Weredon, John, 49.

One of the Queen's servants.

Westminster, 19, 2 J, 22, 24, 32,
34, 35, 56, 70, 87, 95, 98.

The* Queen was at Westminster
on the 6th and 12th June, 1502,
and apparently rested there for a
day before she proceeded to the
Tower for her last confinement.

Abbot of, 32.

John Islip, who succeeded in
1498, and died 2nd January 1516.
" The rebus of this abbot, a boy
*/j/>ping"from a tree, i.e., / */i/>,
with the initials of his name, oc-
curs in painted glass in the
Deanery at Westminster." — G.

St. Margaret's of, 97.

Weston, Mrs. Anne, 23, 99.

One of the Queen's gentle-
women.

Richard, 84.

A servant of the Queen's. Pro-
bably the father of the Sir Francis
Weston, K.B., who was sup-
posed to hare had an intrigue
with Anne Boleyn, and suffered
death in consequence.

Whiting, John, 91,92.

Gentleman usher of the King's
chamber.

Whitstones, Owen, a messenger,
100.

Wicker bottles, 84.

Wild boar, a, brought, 64.

Willesdon, Our Lady of, 4, 96.

Willeston, Woolaston in Mon-
mouthshire, 43, 46.
The Queen was there on the 28th
August 1503.

Williams, Sir John, 30.

Alice, 100.

One. of the rockers of the young
Lord Edward Courtenay.
John, 9.

One of the Queen's servants.
Winchester, Bishop of, 90.

Richard Fox, who was translated
from Durham 17th October 1500,
was Lord Privy Seal, and died
14th September 1528.

Windsor, 23, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30,
32, 35, 36, 38, 40, 42, 46, 49,

50, 58, 59, 64, 72, 74, 88.
The Queen was at Windsor in
June and early in July, 1502,
whence she went to Woodstock ;

INDEX AND NOTES.

231

and appears to have stopped there
on her return from her progress
into Wales.

Windsor Park, an arbour made
in, 31.

clerk of the castle of,

31.

the keeper of the

little garden at, 7.

to Our Lady, and St.

George, and the holy cross
at, 3, 29.

to the children of the

college of, 31.

Richard, then de-
ceased, 102.

One of the Queen's servants.
Wine, Rhenish, brought and
purchased, 48, 52, 84, 91.

sent for, 46.

A note on the wines used in
England early in the sixteenth
century will be found in the
Privy Purse Expenses of Henry
VIIL, p. 363.
Wise, Ralph, 26.

This person lived at Greenwich,
and had the Queen's fool under
his care during his illness.
Wolpitts, Our Lady of, 3.
Women, alms to thirty-seven
poor in almasse on Shire
Thursday, 1.

See MAUNDAY.
Woodcocks, brought, 53.
Woodnote, Thomas, 28, 33, 40,
44, 59, 60, 86, 88, 98.
Groom of the Queen's chamber.
To him and John Felde, another
of the grooms of her Majesty's
chamber, was entrusted the care
of her jewels on her removal from
one place to another.
Woodstock, 33, 34, 35, 37, 38,
40, 41, 47, 48, 50, 74, 108.
Her Majesty was at Woodstock
on the 20th July, and was there
visited with a fit of illness.
Worcester, to Our Lady of, 3.
Worsted, for, 91, 104.
Worsted yarn, 14.

Worthy, William, alias Phip, 5,
26, 61.

The Queen's fool was boarded by
him ; and for whom he sometimes
purchased clothes.

Worthy Mortimer, 107.
See MORTIMER.

Wotton, Mrs. Margaret, 99.
One of the Queen's gentlewomen,
whose salary was <U. per annum.

Wurley, Henry, 64, 98.
A goldsmith of London.

Wybern, Nicholas, 12.

One of the Queen's servants.

Wycombe, 36, 40,

In Buckinghamshire, through
which the Queen passed, and
where she seems to have rested
on the 3rd August, 1502.

Wyndeslowe, Henry, to the
daughters of, 21.
On the 2nd January 1497, 31- 6*.
8d. were paid by the King for
" cristening of Winslow's child ;"
one of the daughters of that per-
son here spoken of was probably
the King's god-daughter.

Wyrdon, John, 29, 105.

One of the Queen's servants.

Yone, Margaret, 55.

This person belonged to the
Queen's household.

York, minstrels of the Duke of,
78.

Henry, the Queen's second son,
afterwards King Henry VIII.

Archbishop of, 90.

Thomas Savage, who was trans-
lated from London in April 1501,
and died 2nd September 1507-

fool of my Lord of, 2.

It is not certain whether the
duke or the archbishop of York is
here alluded to, probably the
former.

Zouch, Mrs., 23.

As the entry in which the name
of this lady occurs is a payment
by the Queen for lining her
gown, she was probably one of
her Majesty's attendants, though
her name does not occur in the
list in p. 99.

INDEX AND NOTES

WARDROBE ACCOUNTS

KING EDWARD THE FOURTH.

2 H

INDEX AND NOTES.

Acham, William, 164.

One of the persons appointed to
attend the Duchess of Burgundy
on her visit to this country.

Ageletts, 115, 119, 120, 124,
125, 139, 153.

Ageletts were pieces of silver or
other metal, or tags, attached to
the ends of laces or points. Pals-
grave, in his Esclarcissement de la
Langue Francaise in 1530, trans-
lates " Agglet of a lace or poynt"
by "fer;" and in the Promptorium
Parvulorum, in the Harleian MS.
221, is " An agglot or an aglet to
lace with all." A pointmaker was
paid 2d. per dozen for pointing
points of silk with ageletts of
, laton. Spenser speaks of a dress
" With golden aigulets that glis-
tered bright."

The various notices of ageletts in
these Accounts afford informa-
tion as to the different uses to
which they were applied. From
p. 125 and p. 153, it appears that
they were placed as ornaments on
harnesses, being fixed with small
chains.

Ambassadors, 121, 141.

The first of these entries relates
to the washing of bedding which
had been used by the ambassadors
from France, and the second to
the delivery of beds, &c., for the
ambassadors of the Duke of Bur-
gundy.

Andrew, Richard, 120, 150.
Citizen and Hosier of London.

Anneys, bags of fustian stuffed
with, and with ireos, 131, 137.
Bags filled with anniseed and
other spices, to keep insects from
destroying the clothes, &c., in the
Great Wardrobe. That anneys

meant anniseed may be presumed
from finding the word so spelt,
under " Spyces" in the Northum-
berland Household Book, " Powder
of annes iij Ib. j quarteron," ed.
1827, P- 19; and in the Promp-
torium Parvulorum in the Har-
leian MS. 221, "Aneys seed or
spice" occurs.

Apris, John, 164.

One of the persons sent to attend
on the Duchess of Burgundy.

Argenter of France, 160.

The " Argentier du Roy" is the
master of the wardrobe, or gen-
tleman of the robes. The per-
son here alluded to seems to
have been in attendance on the
Duchess of Burgundy, and the
entry relates to the delivery to
him of scarlet and violet cloth for
the use of the princess's suite.
It is singular that he should be
called the Argenteer of France.

Arms, the king's, on clasps, 119.

on clasps of books, 152.

It was usual to place the arms of
the owner on the clasps which
were generally attached to books.
Eleanor, Duchess of Gloucester,
mentions in her will in 1399, " a
' Chronicle of France' in French,
with two clasps of silver, ena-
melled with the arms of the
Duke of Burgoyne ; a book, con-
taining the psalter, primer, and
other devotions, with two clasps of
gold enamelled with her arms ; a
French bible in two volumes, with
two gold clasps enamelled with-
the arms of France ; and a psalter
richly illuminated with the clasps
of gold enamelled with white
swans, and the arms of my lord
and father enamelled on the
Among the books of Sir
2 H 2

236

INDEX AND NOTES.

John Fastolfe were a psalter
clasped with silver, and his and
his wife's arms engraved thereon.
Archceologia xxi., p. 276.

Arms, escutcheons of the arms of
Lord George Vere, 131.
It is not easy to explain for what
purpose these escutcheons of the
arms of Lord George Vere could
have been made, or why they
should have formed part of the
contents of the great wardrobe.
See VERE.

Arras, 117, 120, 130, 132, 136,
139, 141,146.

An arras mender " who is howre-
ly in the warderobe for wyrking
upon arres and tapestry," was at-
tached to the household of all
great persons in the fourteenth
and fifteenth centuries. Among
the " officers of the riding house-
hold of George, Duke of Clarence,
Anno 9, Edward IV.," was " A
broderer of Tapacerye for amend-
ingeoftheArrasse." — Collectionof
Regulations of Royal Households,
p. 99. Northumberland House-
hold Book, pp. 45, 48, 326. The
Earl of Northumberland's arras
mender in 1512 was allowed 33s.
4rf. if a yeoman, and xx*. if a
grome, a year, for his wages, and
xxs. for finding " al maner of
stuff belonging to his faculties
except silke and golde." " Paid
for v days work in amending arras
at vj d. the day." — History of Hen-
grave, p. 191.

Astates, 155, 160.

" 1/ordes and Astates," lords and
persons of consequence.

Asteley, John, 164.

One of the persons appointed to
attend the Duchess of Burgundy.

Audley, Lord, 162.

John Tuchet, Lord Audley, who
succeeded his father in that ba-
rony in 1458, and died in 1491.

Axle-trees, for the king's car,
123.

Backs, 129, 134, 150.

Parts of skins so called.
Bags of leather, 128.

Bags of fustian, 131.

Barehide, 123.

See this word in the Index to the
Privy Purse Expenses of Eliza-
beth of York, p. 175.

Barge, king's, the master of the,
159,166.

Some remarks on the royal barges
will be found in p. 176 ante.
These entries relate to the equip-
ment of the master and rowers
of the barge which was to wait
on the Duchess of Burgundy.
They wore cloth jackets of blue
and murrey, each jacket being or-
namented with two small roses,
and the master also wore a gown
of black chamlet.

Bargemen, jackets for the king's,
166.

Base of the king's jackets, 150.

Batillage, 122.

Batillage appears to be nearly
synonimous with the word to
which it is joined — boat hire,
from batellus, a little boat. In
the " Liber Quotidianus Garde-
robe, 28th Edward I.," is the fol-
lowing entry. To Dom John de
Langeford, among other pay-
ments, " Una cum batellagio
ejusdem Domini Johannis inter
Westmon. et London." — p. 47-
Batellus occurs often in those ac-
counts, pp. 54, 72, and 272, &c.
Libera battella, a free boat, oc-
curs in the Plac. in Itin. at
Chester, 14th Henry VII. See
Blount's Glossary.

Baudkins, 135.

of silk, 116, 158.

A rich cloth, now called brocade.
The name is said to have been
derived from Baldacus, from Ba-
bylon, whence it was originally
brought. Blount. By statute
12th and 14th Edward IV., it
was enacted, that all cloths of
gold, cloths of silver, ofbawdekyn
velvet, damask, satin, sarcenet,
tartaron, chamelet, and every
other cloth of silk made beyond
the sea, and then being in the
kingdom, and offered for sale,
should be sealed with the seals of
the collectors of the subsidy of

INDEX AND NOTES.

237

poundage and tonnage Rot.

Parl. vi., 155.
Baudwyn, Piers, stationer, 125,

126.
Baynard's Castle, 122.

See a note in the Privy Purse

Expenses of Elizabeth of York,

p. 176.
Beasts, 129, 134.

Query, a measure containing

many furs, or a single one, most

probably the latter.

Bedding, 124, 130, 140, 141,
142, 143.

Bedmakers, 126, 128.

Beds, yeoman of the, 145.
Peter Wraton.

office of the, 140.

for making of various

kinds, 126.

Beds, 130, 137.

Berkeley, William, 158, 164,
165.

Esquire of the king's body, who
was protected from the effect of
the act of resumption, 22nd Ed-
ward IV., 1482.— Rot. Parl. vi.,
200. He was sent to wait on the
Duchess of Burgundy, having
four men to attend upon him, and
was present at Edward IV.'s
funeral. — Archceologia i., 352.

Besteney, John, 164.

One of the persons sent to attend
on the Duchess of Burgundy.

Bible, Historical, 126, 152.
See BOOKS.

Bible, the, 126, 152.
See BOOKS.

Blankets, 124, 131, 133, 137,
139, 141, 142, 144, 149.

Boat hire, for, 122.
See BATILLAGE.

Bogy, 129, 134, 166.

— legs and shanks, 116, 166.

Budge is described as lambs
fur, but it was sometimes used
for another kind of fur. Pals-
grave translates " bouge furre,
romenis peaux de Lombardie."
In the statute 37 Edward III.,
the word " bugee" was used to
describe fur generally. " Ne

mil manere de Pellure ou de
bugee, mes soulment d'aignel,
conil, chat, et gopil." — Rot. Parl.
ii., pp. 278, 281. But in the
Wardrobe Accounts of the 28th
Edward I., 1301, the word is thus
used, " Pro pellura diversa fururis
et capuciis tarn de Bog'' quam de
agnis, &c.," p. 354. John Colet,
Dean of St. Pauls, by his will in
1519, bequeathed his " best coat
of chamlet furred with black
bogys."

Bolsters, 118, 131, 132, 137,
139, 143, 144.

Bolts, 127.

Bolyons, 119, 139, 152.

Bolions appear to have been a
smaller sort of button used as
fastenings of books,&c.; they were
made of copper and gilded, and
cost about eight pence each. Pals-
grave translates " bullion of a
woman's girdle" by " close."

for gilding old, 126.

Bonnets, 119, 131, 138, 149,
150, 166.

See a note on " bonnets" in the
index to the Privy Purse Ex-
penses of Elizabeth of York.
p. 179.

Books, the king's, removed and
garnished, &c., 125, 126, 152.

silk for laces and tassels

of, and garnishing, 117, 152.

• for binding, 125, 152.

The books, the titles of which are
mentioned, are " Titus Livius,"
" The Holy Trinity," " Frois-
sart," " The Bible," " The Go-
vernment of Kings and Princes,"
" La Forteresse de Foy," " The
" Book of Josephus," and " The
Bible Historial."

The " Government of Kings
and Princes" was, probably,
a translation of " jEgidius Ro-
manus de Regimine Principum,"
which is conjectured by Weston
to have been translated into
English by John Trevisa. A
MS. entitled " Regime des
Princes par Gilles de Rome, a
Monseigneurs fils du Roy Phi-
lipe le Bel," was in the library of
Galway Mills, Esq., in 1800,

238

INDEX AND NOTES.

which was stated to have been
translated from the Latin of JEgi-
dius Romanus into French verse
by Henri de Gauche. The volume
alluded to in these Accounts was
apparently in French.

" Froissard" was of Course
Froissart's Chronicles, and was
probably highly illuminated. Per-
haps the most beautifully illumi-
nated copy in existence is in the
Harleian collection marked Nos.
4379, 4380.

Several copies of the "Le Bible
Historiaux," ou " Les Hystoires
Escolastres," are among the Royal
MSS. in the British Museum
marked 19 D ii. iii. iv. v., and 15
D iii. See the Printed Catalogue,
p. 299. One of them has the
following paragraph written in it,
" Cest livre fust pris ove le
Roy de France a la bataille de
Peyters ; et le bon Counte de
Saresbir, William Montagu la
achata pur cent mars et le dona
a sa compaigne Elizabeth le bone
Countesse qe Dieux assoile. Et est
continus le Bible, entre ove fixt et
glose le mestre des Histoires et
Incidentes : tout en mesme le
volume, la quele livre la dite
countesse assigna a ses execu tours
de le vendre pur xl livres."

" Titus Livius." A MS. en-
titled " Titus Livius ; des Fais
des Remains: translate par Pierre
Berthetire avec peintures," is in
the British Museum, Royal MS.
15 D vi.

" La Forteresse du Foy." Two
MSS. with this title are among
the Royal MSS. in the British
Museum, the one which has only
the four first books, is marked 19
E iv., and the other 17 F vi.,
which is thus described in Casley's
catalogue, " La Fortresse de la
Foy 5 liv. aveque belles Peinc-
tures faite a Lisle en Flandres
per Jehan du Quesne."

" The Book of Josephus."
Several copies of Josephus' His-
tory are in the British Museum,
marked 10 A x ; 13 D vi, and vii,
and 13 E viii.

Boots of various kinds, 119, 138,
152.

Borough, Sir Thomas, 162.

Then knight of the king's body.
He was the father of Sir Thomas
Borough or Burgh, K.G., who
was summoned to parliament as
a baron in the 3rd Henry VII.,
and was the ancestor of all the
subsequent barons.

Botews, pairs of, 119, 125, 138,
147, 148, 151, 159, 166.

Botews were a kind of large boot,
covering the whole leg, and some-
times reached above the knee.
By statute 2 and 3 Edward IV.,
1463-4, it was ordained " that
noo knyght under thastate of a
lorde, squier, gentilman, or other
persone, use nor were eny shoes
or boteux, havyng pykes passyng
the lengh of ij ynches," on pain
of forfeiting 40rf., and the same
penalty was to be inflicted on any
" cornyser" who made pykes of
shoen or boteux" of a greater
length. — Rot. Parl. v., 505. In
the same year, the importation of
tanned bates, shoen, galoches or
corhes, &c., was strictly pro-
hibited. Ibid. p. 507 ; and in the
4th Edward IV., cordwainers and
coblers in the City of London, or
within three miles of it, were
forbidden to make " eny shoes,
galoges or botes with pykes" above
two inches ; or upon any Sunday,
or on the feasts of the Nativity,
Ascension, and Corpus Christi,
" to sell or comaunde or make to
be sold eny shoes, botes,or galoges,""
or " to put, sette or doo uppon
any mannes fete or legges eny
shoes, botes, or galoges upon pain
of forfeiting 20*." — Ibid. p. 566.
In previous statutes, the only
articles of the kind spoken of
are " botes et soulers," and
botews seem hitherto to have
been confounded, and even by
Strutt, who cites these entries,
with boots. — Dresses and Habits,
ii., 346. That they were different
is clearly proved by these Ac-
counts ; and in the Promptoritim
Parvulorum in the Harleian MS.
221, they are thus described,
" Bote for a mannys legge, bota,
ocrea; Botew, cothurnus, botu-
la," which admits of the inference

INDEX AND NOTES.

that a botew was what was pre-
viously called the smaller boot,
buskin, or galoche. This, how-
ever, ill agrees with finding that
botews are mentioned as always
reaching " above the knee,"
or reaching " unto the knee,"
whilst boots are merely noticed as
being made of various sorts of
leather. Botews that came above
the knee were rather dearer than
those which only reached to it,
but they were of much less price
than boots.

Bo tons.

See BUTTONS.

Boylet, Robert, 121, 124, 125.

A servant of the wardrobe.

Brampston, Thomas, 164.

One of the persons sent to attend
on the Duchess of Burgundy.

Branched velvets, and velvets
with branches, 156.
Probably what is now termed fi-
gured velvet.

Bray, Robert, 164.

One of the persons sent to attend
on the Duchess of Burgundy.

Braying ropes for the king's car,

123.
Breast coverchiefs, 148.

Coverchiefs used to cover the

breast.

Bridles, of various kinds, 123.
Brigandines, for coverings of,

159, 162.

Jackets with pieces of iron quilted
in them, which were generally
used by a.rcheTS^-j4rcha;ologia xxi.
271. It is evident from these
accounts that the brigandines of
persons of rank were sometimes
covered with cloth of gold, and
other rich stuff.

Broched, cloth broached with

gold, 134.

Cloth with words, or ornaments of
gold worked upon it. In Pals-
grave " broche with a scripture,"
occurs.

Broderayns for horses, 153.

Apparently broad, or wide, reins.
The word occurs in the list of

articles for the garnishing of the
queen's litter and chares " broods
rayns, v covered with in cloth of
gold ; brydel rayns ix covered in
velvet." " Brydels, vj with bytts
bossed, with broode rayns and
chayns ; the same bridels covered
in cloth of gold and garnyssht
with crowns and fleur de lys,
chaast and gilt, and with faux
rayns, &c." Rayns, and " leding
rayns" are also mentioned. — An-
tiquarian Repertory, ed. 1807, vol.
i-, p. 47-
Browneswyke, 130, 135.

A kind of linen cloth. No other
instance has been found of the
use of this term. Query if cloth
made at Brunswick be meant.

Brussell cloth, sheets of, 150,

151, 152.
Brusshes of heath, 131, 138,

149, 151.

Buckles for harnesses, 125.
Buckram, 135, 142, 143, 153,

154, 163.
Bunteyn, Richard, 164.

One of the persons appointed to
wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Burden's, i.e., loads, of rushes,

121, 126.

Burgundy, Duchess of, 125, 132,
140, 144, 145, 153,159,160,
163, 165, 166.
See the INTRODUCTORY RE-
MARKS.

ambassadors of, 140,

145.

Buscage, 130, 136.

Busk, 124, 130, 131, 132, 135,
137, 140, 143, 146, 148, 149,
155.

A sort of linen cloth, and appa-
rently of a coarse and common
description, as it was used for
pallets, linings of vallances, &c.
The word does not occur in the
Rolls of Parliament, but busk ap-
pears to have been the article
called bustian in the sumptuary
law of the 3rd and 4th Edward
IV. " No man but such as hath

240

INDEX AND NOTES.

possessions of the yerely value of
xls." shall use or wear " in aray
for his body, any fustian, bustian,
nor fustian of Napuls, scarlet
cloth engrained, &c."-Rot. Parl.
v., 505 a. Among the effects of
Henry V. were " I rem' de bus-
tian cont' xvij alnz, pris 1' aln'
iij d."

Buttons, 117, 136, 152, 161.

Calais, Staple, a merchant of
the, 133.

Cameletts.

See CHAMLET.

Candles, 121.

Canterbury, 145.

Edward IV. visited Canterbury,
perhaps with a pious object, some
time before September in 1480.

Canvas, 130, 135, 137.

Capes of cloaks, &c., 151.

Car, the king's, 122, 125.

expenses of repairing the

king's, 123.
See CAB. in tb,e Additional Notes.

Carmen, the king's, 125.

Carpenters, to, 127.

Carpets, 130, 135.

Carriage, for, of divers articles,
122, 124, 125.

Cartemaille, Richard, 164.

One of the persons appointed to
wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Carter, Richard, 125.

One of the king's servants.

John, 121.

These two persons seem to be
described by the name of their
occupation.

Caster, John, 120.
A skinner.

Cave, John, 126.

A bedmaker.
Celours, i.e., ceilings of beds,

132, 135, 141, 142, 143.
Cering, 125, 127.
Cering candel', 121.
Chains of laten for fixing in

agelettes, 125.

Chairs, 131.

for mending, garnishing,

and repairing, 121, 144.

Chambering of tapestry, 137.
Tapestry used for covering the
sides of rooms.

Chamelet, 116, 129, 134, 151,
155, 157, 159, 166, 167,168.

Chests, 122.

Chevel bolt for the king's car,
123.

Cheynewe, George, 163.

One of the persons appointed to
attend the Duchess of Burgundy.
As he was allowed a man to wait
upon him, he was evidently a
gentleman, and was probably the
George Cheynu who was pro-
tected in the enjoyment of cer-
tain grants by the act of resump-
tion 22ud Edward IV., 1482.—
Rot. Parl. vi., 201 a. Perhaps
he was the George Cheyney,
a yeoman usher, who attended
the funeral of Edward IV. — Ar-
chatologia i., 353.

Cheyney, John, Esq., 153, 167.
Esquire of the body, and master
of the Henxmen. He attended
his sovereign's funeral. In the
reign of Richard III., his offices
were filled by another person, and
it is not improbable that he was
the Sir John Cheney who dis-
tinguished himself in the service
of Henry VII. at Bos worth field,
and who, in the 3rd Hen. VII.,
was created a baron ; became a
knight of the garter, and died
8. P. about 1496. — Archceologia i.,
350, 368, 375. Dugdale's Ba-
ronage ii., 290.

Chirke, Geoffrey, 164.

One of the persons appointed to
attend on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

( Clasps of copper gilt, 119, 139,
X 152.

Some of these clasps, which were
marked with the king's arms,
were probably used with apparel;
the others were for books, and
were engraved with roses. See
ARMS.
for gilding, 126.

INDEX AND NOTKS.

241

Claver, Anne, silkwoman, 117,
125.

See a note on Silkwomen under
CORSE.
Clerk, John, 170.

Auditor of the king's exchequer.
In the 1st Henry VII., a John
Clerke and Richard Sheldon were
protected in their office of the
auditorship of divers lands which
had belonged to George, Duke of
Clarence — Rot. Parl. vi., 355.
A John Clerke was appointed one
of the barons of the exchequer in
Trinity term, 1461 ; and was
dead in the 7th Henry VII —
Hid. p. 451. A person of those
names was also searcher of the
town and port of Calais in the
3rd Henry VII.— Ibid. 405.

Cloaks, 151.

Cloth of gold of various kinds,

116, 129, 134,146, 147,149,

]50, 154,155,158, 159,161,

162, 163.
of silver, 116, 129, 134,

160.
French, of various kinds,

115, 116, 134, 160, 166.
of Mustreviliers, 115, 169,

170.

See MUSTREVILLIERS.
• russet, 166.

See RUSSET.

Clove Hammer, 120, 138.
Cloutes, 123.

Iron plates to keep axle-trees

from wearing.

Coffers, 122.

CCoffins, i. e., chests of fir, for
^-•books, 125.

Coket, John, 164.

One of the persons appointed to
wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Coldherber, 124, 126, 141, 144,
145.

Coldharbour, or, as it was some-
times called, " the Harbour," in
Thames Street, London, was the
residence of Richard Neville, Earl
of Salisbury, in the 32d Henry
VI., 1453.— Rot. Parl. v., 450.

In the 7*b. Edward IV., it appears
to have been in the hands of the
crown, probably in consequence
of the attainder of the earl in
1459, as in 1467 it was granted
to Ann, Duchess of Exeter, the
king's sister, for life. — Rot. Parl.
vi., 215, who died seized there-
of; but on her death in 1476,
Coldharbour seems to have again
reverted to the crown, and to
have been granted to John Ne-
ville, afterwards Marquis Mon-
tagu, third son of the Earl of
Warwick; for in the 14th Ed ward
IV., 1474, it was the king's in-
tention to have caused the mar-
quis to be attainted, which mea-
sure he only refrained from taking
at the instance of George, Duke of
Clarence, and other peers, but he
nevertheless granted to the Duke,
who married the coheir of the
marquis's elder brother, certain of
his lands, of which the mansion
or messuage called " The Har-
bour," was part, to him and his
heirs, so long as there were heirs
male of the body of the said
marquis. — Ibid., vi., 125. Cold-
harbour again reverted to the
crown on the attainder of the
Duke of Clarence in 1477 ; and
in 1 480, the year to which these
Accounts relate, it was clearly one
of the royal establishments, and
was assigned for the residence of
the Duchess of Burgundy on her
visit to this country, and also of
the ambassadors from Burgundy.
It was for some time the Herald's
College.

Collars, horse, 123.

Cologne thread, 146.

Call' silke, or Cologne silk, was
forbidden to be imported on pain
of forfeiture by statute 22nd Ed-
ward IV.

Combe Coverchiefs, 122, 150.
From the number of these ar-
ticles, twelve, and their size, each
being an ell long, it may be con-
jectured that they were worn on
the head by men as well as by
women. Chaucer says,
" Hire coverchiefs weren ful fine

of ground,

I dorse swere they weyeden a
pound,

2 I

242

INDEX AND NOTES.

That on the Sonday were upon

hire hede."

By the regulations for ladies'
mourning by the Countess of
Richmond in 1492, a duchess
was allowed four kerchiefs, and
a countess two kerchiefs, besides
a barb and a frontlet to each.
Handkerchiefs edged with gold
were among the effects of Henry
VIII.— Harleian MS., 1419.

Cooke, Roger, 132.

Servant of the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.
Coppersmith, John, 119, bis,

121.

Cord, 137, 140.
Cordwainers, 118, 119.
Corse of silk and satin, 117,
122, 133, 136, 152.
" Corse of a gyrdell, tissu.
Corse weaver, tissutier." — Pals-
grave.

A corse of silk seems to have
been wove or plaited silk, as Cot-
grave explains " Tissu, a bawd-
rick, ribbon, fillet, or head band
of woven stuff," also " woven
plaited, interlaced, wound one
within another." In the 34th
Henry VI., to encourage our own
manufactures, " wrought silk
throwen, ribans, laces, corses of
silke or eny oyer thing wrought
touching or concernyng silke
wymmens craft, the corses that
commen out of Geen only except,"
were prohibited to be imported for
five years.-/to/. Parl. v., 325. See
also p. 506, vi., 223. By statute
3rd and 4th Edward IV., knights
under the degree of a lord, and
their wives, were prohibited from
wearing " eny manere corses
wrought with gold.' ' And esquires
and gentlemen, and other per-
sons under the rank of a knight,
and their wives, were forbidden
to wear " eny corses wrought like
to velvet or to sateyn frizery."
—Ibid., vi. 505 b.

From the statute of the 34th
Henry VI., it appears, that the
manufacture of silk was confined
to women, by which employment,
it is said, that " many a worship-
full woman within the citee have

lyved full honourably, and ther-
with many good housholdes kept,
and many gentilwymmen and
other in grete noumbre like as
there nowe be moo than a thou-
sand have be drawen under theym
inlernyngethesamecraftes." The
importation of wrought silks is
said to have caused " grete ydelnes
amongs yonge gentilwymmen and
oyer apprentices of the same
craftes, and the leying down of
many good and notable hous-
holdes of them that have occu-
pied the same craftes which be
convenient, worshipfull, and ac-
cordyng for gentilwymmen and
other wymmen of worship." In
reformation of these inconve-
niences, and " also the premisses
tenderly considered and howe it
is no commoditee nor thing abi-
dyng to th'enrichyng of this
lande, but things of plesaunce for
theym that liken to have them,
whiche every well disposed per-
sone of this lande by reason and
natural favour wold rather that
wymmen of their nation born and
owen blode hade the occupation
thereof than strange people of
other landes," pray, &c.
Costers, 126, 141.

Pieces of tapestry used on the
sides of a table, and on the
benches round it ; and a doser
was the part placed at the back.
Ann, Lady Maltravers, bequeath-
ed, by her will, in 13?4, "a doser
of green powdered with dolphins
with four costers of the same
suit." William, Lord Morley,
in 1379, gave his son his " best
dorser, four costers and one ban-
ker with his arms." Costers
were also the sides of beds.
Joane, Lady Bergavenny, in
1434, bequeathed her bed of silk,
black and red, embroidered with
woodbine flowers of silver, and
all the costers and apparel that
belongeth thereto. She also be-
queathed her hullyng of black,
red and green, with morys letters,
with cushions, with bancours,
and costers. Among the effects
of Henry V. were " 1 coster de
worstede' vermaille cont' xi verges
de longur' & iii verg' de large.

INDEX AND NOTES.

243

Item vi tapites vermaille, chescun
de vj verges de longur, et iiij
verges de large, pris le pece iiij *."
Also seven costers of arras of
gold worked with various histo-
ries, for instance, " Cest emprise
de haul noun." " Si poer voier
en memoire" " of Abraham and
Isaak," of the " vjoies de Nostre
Dame," &c.

Costerings, or carpets, 118, 137,
143, 144.

See CARPETS. Costerings appear
to have been very similar to cos-
ters. Vide also the places where
the word occurs.

Cosyn, Agnes, 121.
A sempstress.

Counters, 128.

Pieces resembling money former-
ly used in calculations. Palsgrave
translates " counters to caste a
count with" by " ject."

Counterpoints, for, 117, 118,
129, 135, 136, 137, 142, 143.

Another name for a counterpane.
Katherine, Lady Hastings, speaks
in one part of her will, dated in
1503, of a bed of arras, sillor,
tester, and counterpane; and in
another place, of certain " stuff
of bedding, that is to say, a feller,
tester, and counterpoint of rose-
mary ;" and of " afedur bedde,
a boulster, a blanket, a chike
happing, an olde counterpoint,
sillor, and testor." The coun-
terpoints mentioned in these Ac-
counts varied as much in size, as
in material and price.

Counting cloth, green cloth for
a, 170.

Courser harness, 115, 124,
153.

Courteys, Piers, 113, seepe.

Keeper of the king's Great
Wardrobe. A special warrant was
issued by the king, dated 18th
November, 12th Edward IV.,
commanding that a clause should
be inserted in the Rolls or Records
of the Resumption of the Par-
liament held at Westminster, the
29th April, 3d Edward IV., in
favour of " our trusty and well-

beloved servaunt, Piers Curteys,
and Alice Russell, the provision
which ensueth." This provision
protected the said Piers and Alice
in the enjoyment of all grants of
lands made to them on the 25th
October, 4th Edward IV., and
enacted that the said grant should
be effectual to them and the heirs
males of their bodies coming. In
the Act of Resumption, 4th Ed-
ward IV., Piers Curteys, Groom
of the Robes, and William Trus-
sel, Yeoman of the Crown, were
secured in the possession of Deer-
fal Wood and Paletop Wood in
Leicester, and Curteys and Alice
Russell were then protected in
the enjoyment of the grant above
mentioned ; and again in the 7th
and 8th Edward IV., in the act
of the 13th Edward IV., and
in that of the 1st Henry VII., he
was protected in the enjoyment
of the offices of keeper of a
ward in Leicester Frith, and
another in Beaumont Lees, of
bailiff of Leicester, and feodary
of the king's honour there, and
also of the office of keeper of the
Privy Palace of Westminster,
and of the Wardrobe within the
same. — Rot. Parl. v.,517, 536 b,
592, 594 b, 610 b, vi., 87, 372.
The grant in the 3d Edward IV.
to Courteys and Alice Russell
was of divers messuages in Lei-
cester and Derby, which had
been forfeited by Everard Digby.
— Calcnd. Rut. Patent., 309.

Piers Courteys preserved his
office of keeper of the wardrobe
during the usurpation of Richard
III. — Antiquarian Repertory, vol.
i., p. 35. His salary was 100/. a
year. See p. 128.

Coverchief, 166, hand and breast,
148, comb, 150.
The breast coverchief was worn
over a shirt, and the king pos-
sessed an equal number of them
and of shirts.

Among the linen of the Earl of
Northumberland in 1512, were
" al maner of kurcheifs, ande hed
kercheifs breest kerchiefs heede
kercheifs.'' Ed. 1827, p. 350.
The " head kerchief " was pro-
bably the article here called a
2 I 2

244

INDEX AND NOTES.

"comb-kerchief." Lady Bryan,
in a letter asking for linen for
the princess, afterwards Queen
Elizabeth, when a child, com-
plains that she had " neither
gown nor kertel, nor pete cote ;
nor no maner of linnin for
smokes, nor cerchefes, nor sieves,
nor rayls, nor body stychets, nor
handcerchers, nor mofelers, nor
begens." Ellis's Original Letters^
second series, ii., p. 80.

Crochets of various sizes, 120,
121, 138, 145.

Crowns, roses, and suns, em-
broidered on various articles,
118, 137,143,144.
A white rose, en soleil, or sur-
rounded by the sun, was a fa-
vourite badge of Edward IV.
The rose is said to have been
first used by Edward of Langley,
Duke of York ; and the sun was
assumed in consequence of the
singular appearance in the hea-
vens, on the morning previous to
the battle of Mortimer Cross, of
three suns, which, as the day ad-
vanced, became joined in one,
an omen the Yorkists afterwards
construed into a signal of vic-
tory, and which Edward thus
perpetuated. See Willement's
Regal Heraldry, pp. 45 and 53,
where a drawing of the badge oc-
curs : on the king's great seal the
rose and sun are represented se-
parately. Sandford's Genealogical
History. The crown was, of
course, introduced on the articles
noticed in these Accounts as indi-
cative of the rank of the royal
owner.

Cruppers, 123.

Cupbearer to the king, 157.

Edward Stanley. See STANLEY.
Cupboards of ostriche board,

131.
Cupboard clothes, 124, 129,

135, 141.

See CUPBOARD, p. 190.
Curtains, 126, 129, 132, 133,

135, 140, 142, 143, 144.
Cushions of various kinds, 131,

137.

Cushion cloths, 130.

Damasks, 115, 116, 129, 134,
146, 148, 158, 161.
Esquires, gentlemen, and other
persons under the rank of a knight
were not allowed to wear damask
or satin, excepting the officers of
the king's household, by statute
3rd and 4th Edward IV., and
22nd Edward IV.— Rot. Part.
v., 504, vi., 221.

Dancaster, Thomas, clerk of the
wardrobe, 128, 170.

Darcy, Thomas, esquire of the
body, 164, 165.
He attended the funeral of Ed-
ward IV. — Archceologia, i., 350.

Dawbers, 1 27.

Davy, John, of Fowey, 164.

One of the persons appointed to
wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Diaper work, table cloths of,
131, 139.

Dobinson, Thomas and William,
164.

Two of the persons who were ap-
pointed to wait on the Duchess of
Burgundy, each of [whom was
allowed a servant to attend upon
him.

Dorset, the Marquis of, 161,
163.

Thomas Grey, K.G., Marquis of
Dorset, to which dignity he was
elevated on the 18th of April,
1475. He was the son-in-law of
the king, being the eldest son of
Sir John Grey, Lord Ferrers of
Groby, by Elizabeth Wydvile,
who married, secondly, King
Edward IV. The marquis was
attainted in the 1st Richard III.,
but was restored in blood and
honours the 7th Henry VII., and
died in 1501.

Doserfor a horse, 123.

Doublets, 124, 146, 147, 149,
150, 166, 167.

Dowell, Ralph, 141, 164.

One of the persons appointed to
wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

INDEX AND NOTES.

245

Down, 137, 143, 144.

Dragon, the, 121, 127.

Probably an inn with the sign of
the dragon, which appears to have
been situated very near to the
Great Wardrobe.

Draper, Piers, 120, 122.
Citizen and ironmonger.

Dunkan, William, yeoman tay-
lor, 169.

Easter, John, 128.

A skinner.
Elizabeth, the princess, 159.

Afterwards the queen of Henry

VII.

Eltham, 122, 125.

It appears from one of these en-
tries that Katherine, the king's
daughter, was baptized and. pro-
bably was born at the royal palace
of Eltham in 1480.

Emayled, 146, 147.

Enamelled is sometimes writ-
ten anelyd, as in the following
entry in the Churchwardens' Ac-
counts of St. Mary Hill, London,
in 1486. " Item a myter for a
Bishop at Seint Nycholas tide
garnyshed with silver and anelyd,
and perle, and couuterfete stone."
— Nichols' Illustrations of Ancient
Manners, p* 114. The word also
occurs in the account of articles
delivered from the Great Ward-
robe for the coronation of Richard
III. : " vij yerdes of crymsyn
cloth of gold emayled." — Antiqua-
rian Repertory, ed. 1807. Vol. i.,
pp. 35, 36.

Empsion, i.e., purchase, 134.

Ermine, 129, 133, 134, 150.

Escutcheons of arms, 131.
See ARMS.

Esquires of the body, 153, 165,
167.

Exchequer, auditors of the, 170.

Featherbeds, 118, 124, 130,
131, 132, 133, 137, 139, 143,
144.

Ferrara, Duke of, 124.

Hercules D'Este, Duke of Fer-

rara, Modena, Reggio, &c., was
elected a Knight of the Garter
10th February, lyth Edward IV.,
1480, and a few months after-
wards the taylor was paid for
making his gown, hood, mantle,
&c., of the Order. He died in
1505.

Ferrour, 121.
A blacksmith.

Fir, coffins, L e., boxes of, 125.

Flemish cloth, scepe.

• ells, 136, and scepe.

Font, for covering1 a font at
the christening of the king's
daughter, 122.
From the minute description of
the manner in which one of the
king's children was to be chris-
tened in the reign of Henry VII.,
it appears that " the Font must be
set on hight that the pepill may
see the cristenynge and presse
not to ny ; and the Font must be
hangid with a riche sele and over-
laid about with carpets on the
greces [steps] and other places ;
and the Font must be hangide all
about with clothe of golde and
laid withine withe small lyn
clothe," &c. — Antiquarian Reper-
tory, ed. 1807, vol. i. p. 305.

Foot cloths of velvet, for horses,
153, 154.

" A cloth protecting the feet,
f. e., housings of cloth which
hung on every side of a horse.
It was long considered as a mark
of great dignity and state." —
Nares's Glossary; and see the
examples he cites. The Earl
of Bath, in October 1553, in a
letter to his countess describing
the coronation of Queen Mary,
says, " The bearer will tell you
how my son served me of my fate
cloth and horse harness which he
promised you, but and I had made
other provision myself of my owne
I had bynne like to have taken
dishonor." — History of Hengrave,
p. 144.

Foot sheets, 151.

Sheets used at the bottom of a
bed : from the notice of head
sheets and foot sheets it would

246

INDEX AND NOTES.

seem that a sheet did not then
extend the whole length of abed.
In an account of different cere-
monies in the reign of Henry
VII., the term is thus used :

" As FOB. NEW YERRIS DAY.

Item on new yerris day in the
mornynge, the kinge when he
comythe to his foote schete an
uschere of the chambre to be redy
at the chambre dore and say ' Sire
here is a yerris yeft comynge from
the quene.' And then he shall say
1 Let it come in Sire.' And then
the uschere shall let in the mes-
singer with the yefte, and then
aftur that the greteste estates
servaunt is to come, echon aftur
othere as they bene estates : and
after that done, all other lordes and
ladys after their estats that they
bene of. And all this while the
kinge muste sit at his fote schete,
&c. And this done, the kinge
gothe to make him redy, and go
to his servis in what array that
hym likithe." " Item the quene
then in likewise to sit sAhirfote
shelt^" &c. — Antiquarian Reper-
tory.

Footmen, clothes for the king's,
168.

Forfeited goods, 122, 123.

Forfeiture was then, as now, the
usual penalty for transgressing
the laws regulating the importa-
tion of goods. The statute under
which the seizure here noticed
was made was probably that of
the 3rd Edward IV., c. 4, by
which corses [See CORSES,] were
prohibited to be imported on pain
of forfeiture, the one-half of
which was to go to the king, and
the other half to him that first
seized it.

Forms, joined, and other, 131,

138.
Forteresse de Foy, a book so

called, 126.
See BOOKS.

Fox skins, 116, 134.
France, ambassadors of, 121.
Franche cloth, 125.
Query French cloth.

Freman, Thomas, 164.

One of the persons sent to wait
on the Duchess of Burgundy.

French books, 126.

Fringes of silk and gold, 130,
136.

Froissart's Chronicles, 126, 152.
See BOOKS.

Frysley, John, Clerk of the
king's stables, 153.
He held the same office in the 1st
Richard Ill—Archceologia, i.,375.

Thomas, 143.

One of the servants of the ward-
robe.

Furs, 121, 128, 129, 134.
Furring of robes, for, 120.
Fustians, 118, 124, 130, 132,
133, 135, 139, 140, 141, 144,
145, 148.

bags of, stuffed with

ireos and anneys, 131, 137.
Fyssher, Davy, 164.

One of the persons sent to attend
on the Duchess of Burgundy.

Gardener, Richard, 121.
A labourer.

Garments, for making the king's,
120.

Garnishing books, 1 52.
See BOOKS.

Garter, a gown, mantle, and
hood of the Order of the, 124.
See FERRARA.

• mantle of the Order of

the, 161.
See YORK.

Garters, 117, 125, 136, 161.

Garters of the Order of the Gar-
ter.

Gentils, i. e., gentry, 160.

Gentlewomen, for the conveying
and trussing of, 145.
This entry seems to defy expla-
nation. The only meaning of
" trussing" is to pack close, but
it is as difficult to reconcile
" packing" with " ix worthy
gentlewomen" as to conceive what
" thirty ells of embroidered busk"

INDEX AND NOTES.

or cloth can have had to do with
''conveying them." It probably
meant trussing or packing their
baggage.

Gifts, lists of, given to the Duke
of York and other person-
ages, 155.

Gilmin, 124.
A sadler.

Girdles, 117, 136, 149, 150,

166.

Glass, a standing, 131.
Gloves, 131, 137, 149.

Gloves were forbidden to be im-
ported in the 3rd and 4th Edward
IV., which is the only notice of
the article on the Rolls of Parlia-
ment.

Gold of Venice, 117.
Goldsmiths, 119.
Government of Kings and
Princes, a book so called, 126,
152.

See BOOKS.

Gowns, various, 124, 146, 147,
148, 149, 150, 156,157, 159,
160, 161, 166, 167.
Grace Dieu, 145.
Grafton, Thomas, 133.

Merchant of the staple of Calais.
Granford, Thomas, 164.

One of the persons sent to attend
on the Duchess of Burgundy.

John, yeoman of the

crown, 162.

Greenwich, 122.

manor of, 141.

Grenerigge, William, 164.

One of the persons sent to at-
tend on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Grey, George, 157.

Son and heir apparent of Edmund,
Lord Grey of Ruthyn, first Earl
of Kent, whom he succeeded in
his honours in 1488. He mar-
ried first, and on the occasion
here alluded to, King Edward's
sister-in-law, Anne Wydville,
' daughter of Richard Earl Rivers,
and widow of William Viscount
Bourchier, by whom he had

Richard, his son and successor ;
and secondly, Katherine, daugh-
ter of William Herbert, Earl of
Pembroke, and died in the 20th
Henry VII.

Grey, Sir Thomas, chamberlain
to the Duke of York, 156.

The name of Grey was so com-
mon in the fifteenth century that
it is difficult to identify this per-
son.

Greyson, John, 164.

Another of the persons appointed
to wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Guyon, Oliver, 164.

One of the persons sent to attend
on the Duchess of Burgundy.

Hached, cloth of silver hached
on satin ground, 160.
" Hatch, to shade by lines in
drawing or graving." — Todd's
Johnson.

In this instance " hatched" ap-
pears to mean cloth slightly em-
broidered with silver on a satin
ground.

Hackney, 154.

Halle, Richard, 164.

One of the persons sent to attend
on the Duchess of Burgundy.

William, yeoman tailor,

169.

Halters for horses, 123.

Hamerton, John, 164.

One of the persons sent to attend
on the Duchess of Burgundy.

Hand coverchiefs, 122, 148.
See COVERCHIEFS.

Harness, for covering, 154, 155.

Harnesses for horses, 115, 124,
125, 133, 154, 155, 165.
From these descriptions of the
harnesses of horses used by per-
sons of high rank, it is evident
that they must have presented a
splendid appearance ; and fully
agree with the representations in
illuminated MSS. of the period.

— of Milan, 124.
Milan was long famous for the
manufacture of armour and other

248

INDEX AND NOTES.

articles of steel. Philip Lord
Darcy, in! 1398, bequeathed to his
son " his coat of mail of Mi/an."

Hastings, Pursuivant, 119, 125,

133.

Hatche, Thomas, 118.
Apparently a shoe-maker.

Hatche, 138.

This entry seems to refer to that
in p. 118, where it is stated that
two pair of slippers were bought
of Thomas Hatche.

Hatthe, Thomas, 165.

One of the king's wards. From
his apparel it is evident he was a
gentleman.

Hats, 149.

Hats of wool, 119, 138, 150,
166.

" A hat of estate" about this time
is thus described in the list of
articles delivered for the corona-
tion of Richard III. : " ij hattes
of estate with rounde rolles be-
hind and sharp beks before co-
vered in crymysyn cloth of gold
and furred with ermyns which
were for the use of the queen's
gentlemen ushers who rode before
her at that ceremony." — Antiqua-
rian Repertory, ed. 1807- Vol. L,
p. 45.

Head sheets, 122, 130, 132, 135,
143, 144.

See FOOT SHEETS.
Head stalls for horses, 153.

Palsgrave translates " Hedd stall
of a horse harneis" by " testiere."
" In the Sadler's shopp, a head
stall, raines crooper patnell and
stirrop leathers all of leather very
fayer studded with gilt stoodes
and a kind of blewe bugell for a
man's saddell." — Gage's History
of Henarave, p. 35.

Henxmen, for the clothes of the
master of the, and other
henxmen, 167.

See HXNXMEN, p. 200.

Herber, the, 124, 126, 141.

See COLD HARBOUR.

Hert, Robert, 168.

One of the king's footmen.

Hey wood, Thomas, 164.

One of the persons appointed to
wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Hinges, 127.

Hirton, Peter, cordwainer, 118,

119, 125.
Hobies, 153.

A small horse: Palsgrave de-
scribes hoby to be '•' a horse of
Ireland."

Hoby, harness, 115, 124, 153.
Holland cloth, 132, 146, 147,

148, 149, 155.

Holy Trinity, a book called the,
126, 152.

See BOOKS.
Horse harness.
See HARNESS.

• houses, 125.

Probably what are now called
" housings," or as written by
Drydeu "•houss;" cloths originally
used to keep off dirt, now added
to saddles for ornament. — TodcTs
Johnson.

" Horse houses" are thus men-
tioned in the list of articles de-
livered for the coronation of
Richard III. : " To the queen
for her use, xvj korshouses, made
of xxxvj yerds di' of rede clothe
engreyled with vj yerds of white
woollen clothe and lyned with
xxv ells of canvas ; and for to
sowe the same horshouses v Ib. of
threde, and for to cary in to York
divers horshneys vij elles canvas."
— Antiquarian Repertory, ed. 1807-
Vol. i.,p. 50.

Horse, master of the, 153.

John Cheney, Esq. See CHENEY.

Hory,John, 164.

One of the persons sent to wait
on the Duchess of Burgundy.

Hosen, 133, 137,148,149, 150,
151, 166.

of cloth of divers colours,

118, 120, 125.
Howard, Lord, 156.

Sir John Howard, K.G., who was
summoned to parliament as a
baron in 1470, and was created

INDEX AND NOTES.

249

Duke of Norfolk and Earl Mar-
shal, by Richard III., in the de-
fence of whose cause he fell at
Bosworth field. A memoir of
this eminent personage, the foun-
der of the honours of the house
of Howard, with two portraits,
will be found in Cartwright's
History of Sussex.

Hullok, Thomas, 164.

One of the persons sent to wait
on the Duchess of Burgundy.

Huntingdon, Richard, clerk of

the wardrobe, 128, 170.
Huntman, John, 122.

One of the royal servants.

Jackets, 124, 147, 150, 165,

166, 167.

Jackets of woollen cloth, mur-
rey and blue, 163.
Murrey and blue were the colours
of the livery of the house of York.

Jackson, Thomas, 164.

One of the persons sent to attend
on the Duchess of Burgundy.

Jaks, John, 123.

Apparently a saddler.

Jewelle, John, 164.

One of the persons sent to wait on
the Duchess of Burgundy.

Josephus, the book of, 126.
See BOOKS.

Jumbard, Martin, embroiderer,
118, 124.

Imagery, worked on counter-
points, 136.

Ingrain cloth, 115, 129, 169.

Ink, 128.

Ireos, bags of fustian stuffed
with anneys and, 131, 137.
Anniseed and orris powder placed
among linen to preserve it from
insects. A similar entry occurs
in the Churchwarden's Accounts
of St. Margaret's, Westminster,
in 1611. " Paid for a pound of
orris powder to put among the
church linen, lOd." — Nichol's Il-
lustrations of Ancient Times, p. 30.

Ireland, skins of foxes of, 116.

Ironmonger, 120.

Island, fox skins of, 134.

Apparently Iceland, though in p.
1 16, fox skins of Ireland are
spoken of. That a communica-
tion existed between this country
and Iceland at an early period is
manifest from two entries on the
Rolls of Parliament ; the one in
the 3rd Henry V., when the Com-
mons stated, that as fish were
scarce on our coasts, fishermen
had sought them elsewhere, and
that having found plenty on the
coasts of " Island," they had
fished there for the last six or
seven years, but that strangers
from Norway and Denmark had
begged the king to prevent their
continuing to do so, and they
prayed that their request might
not be successful. — Rot. Part, iv.,
78 b. The other was in the 9th
Henry VI., when the commons
stated that certain Englishmen
had gone to " Island" with their
goods and merchandize, which
were endangered by an edict of
the King of Denmark, and that
some of their ships and goods had
been seized. — Ibid. p. 378. Mr.
Sharon Turner in his History of
England, has cited many proofs
of a trade with Iceland in the
reign of Richard III.

Katherine, Lady, her christen-
ing, 122.

The king's seventh daughter.
This entry fixes the date of her
birth to about September in 1480.
See the INTRODUCTORY RE-
MARKS, and many notices of her
in the Privy Purse Expenses of
her sister Elizabeth, queen of
Henry VII. See p. 204, ante.

Kendale, John, 164.

One of the persons sent to wait
on the Duchess of Burgundy.

Ketiller, Lisbet, 118.
A bed-maker.

Kent, Earl of, 157.

Edmund Grey, fourth Lord Grey
of Ruthyn. He was created Earl
of Kent iu May 1465, became
2 K

250

INDEX AND NOTES.

Lord High Treasurer, and died

in 1488.
Keys, 127.

King, the, 121, 145, 162.
Knights of the King's body, 162,

165.
Kyghley, William, 164.

One of the persons sent to attend

on the Duchess of Burgundy.

Labourers, expenses of, 127.

The price of labour in 1480 was

from 4d. to 6d. a day.
Laces, 117, 120, 125, 136, 149,
150, 152, 161, 166.

and tassels of books, 117,

152.

Lamb's skins, 129, 134, 165.
Langtone, Henry, 164.

One of the persons sent to attend

on the Duchess of Burgundy.

Latisnails, 122.

Laton, 119, 120, 125, 126, 138,

139, 144. See p. 205, ante.

Lawn, 130, 135. See p. 206,

ante.
Leather, various kinds of, 118,

138.

Leder, Richard, 164.
Lightfoot, John, 164.

Two persons sent to attend on
the Duchess of Burgundy.
Lime, 127.
Linen cloth of various kinds,

130, 135.
Livery to divers persons, 169,

170.
Locks of the king's car, for

mending the, 123.
Lome, 127.

Clay-argille. — Pafsgrave.
Lowping, 140,

Query looping.

Lucas, John, of Kent, 122, 123.
A person who seized some contra-
band satins.
Lufkyn, George, 124, 155.

Sergeant tailor of the Great
Wardrobe.

Lycour for the king's car, 123.
Liquor for the barehides. In

the Privy Purse Expenses of Eli-
zabeth of York, is an entry of
" grease for liquoring barehides."

Lyour, or lyre, 126, 137, 140.

Lyring of curtains, 140.

The word is thus used in the
Northumberland Household Book :
" Item the ijd groom of the
warderobe for the beddis, who is
hourely in the warderobe for
It/ring^ sewing, and jouning of
stuf." Ed. 1827, p. 326.

Linches for the king's car, 123.

Lymour, a crupper for the, 123

• bolt for the king's car

123.

saddle, a pair of Ly-
mour hamys, 123.

Malter, John, 121.
A smith.

Mantle, a, 117.

Mantles of the Order of the
Garter, 124, 161.

• • laces of, 136.

Marriages, gowns given on, 157.
It was a common practice for su-
periors to present their depen-
dants with gowns on their mar-
riages, and an instance of it oc-
curs in the Privy Purse Expenses
of Elizabeth of York, p. 49.

Massy, John, 121.
A lawyer.

Medicines, Holland cloth, to
make necessary things for the
king's, 147.

Probably to serve as bandages, or
to be made into lint.

Milan harness, 124.
See HARNESS.

Mille, Edmond, 164.

One of the persons appointed to
wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Misterton, William, 128, 169.
Clerk of the Great Wardrobe :
his wages were I2d. a-day. On
the accession of Henry VII.,
he obtained a new grant of
his situation. In the act of
Resumption of the 1st Henry
VII., he was protected in the en-

INDEX AND NOTES.

251

joyment " of the office of Clerk
of the Great Wardrobe with the
wages of I2d. by the day, and
liveries for clothing for himself,
for winter and summer, and
clothing towards the finding of a
clerk under him in the said of-
fice," which had l>een granted to
him by letters patent dated 21
Nov., 1 Henry VII.— Rot. Par/.
vi., 344.

Montpelier, a merchant of, 115.

velvet, 116.

Montgomery, Sir Thomas, 162.
Sir Thomas Montgomery was the
son of Sir John Montgomery,
Knt., by Elizabeth, sister of
Ralph Lord Sudley, who also
married Sir John Norbury. He
was a distinguished person in
the reign of Henry VI. and Ed-
ward IV., and was honoured
with the Order of the Garter for
his fidelity and services to the
latter monarch. In the 28th
Henry VI., by the description
of " Thomas Montgomery, the
younger, Esquire," he was protect-
ed in the Act of Resumption in the
enjoyment of all gifts and grants
made to him, "so that our said
grauntes exceed not xxiij ti. yerly,
the which we wol he have and re-
joice according to our lettres pa-
tentes made unto him, consider-
yng that he is a yonger brother,
and hath no thyng to lyve upon,
savyng ooiily of ouregift." — Rot.
Part, v., 193. In the 1st Edward
IV. he was a knight and one of
the king's carvers, with a fee of
401. a-year. — Ibid., 475. On the
accession of Henry VII., he was
secured in the possession of all
grants made to him by Edward
IV. — Ibid., vi., 359, and died
about 1489. On the 28th of July,
in that year, he made his will,
from which it appears that he was
twice married, first to Philippa,
and secondly to Lady Lora, who
was the widow of John Blount,
third Lord Montjoy, but he had
no issue. In the Sumptuary Act
of the 22d Edward IV., Mont-
gomery and his friend, Sir Tho-
mas Burgh, whom he constituted
one of his executors, and six or

seven other favourites of the
king, were specially exempted
from its provisions, they being
permitted by it to wear cloth
and fur, purple and cloth of gold
only excepted. — Rut. Parl., vi.,
221.

More, John, 164.

Morice, Davy, 164.

Two of the persons appointed to
wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Mustrevilliers, cloth of, 115, 169,
170.

Apparently cloth made at a place
so named in France. The article
is thus mentioned in the Paston
Letters in the reigns of Henry
VI. and Edward IV. :— " A fine
gown of Must' de wyllirs furred
with fine beavers, and one pair of
brigandines covered with blue
velvet and gilt nails, with leg
harness : the value of the gown
and the brigandines 8/." — Fusion
Letters. Vol. i., p. 61.

" My mother sent to my father
to London for a gown cloth of
Mustyrddevyi/ers." — Ibid. p. 256.

Nails, for, 122, 123.

gilt, 119, 139, 144, 152.

latis, 122.

Napkins, 131, 139.

Needles, 128.

Nevelle, John, 164.

Newham, Ralph, 164.

Two of the persons appointed to
wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Norton, William, 127.
A carpenter.

Officers of the king's wardrobe,
summer clothing of seven,
169, 170.

Oriel, William, mercer, 132.
Ostrich feathers, 119,138, 148.
An ostrich feather then cost ten
shillings.

Ostrich board, cupboards made
of, 131.

Wainscot. Kennett's Parochial

Antiquities. The word occurs in

the will of William Bruges, Gar-

2 K 2

25*

INDEX AND NOTES.

ter King of Arms in 1449. " I
ordeyn that the i j chapelles of our
Lady and Seynt George wythyn
the seyd chirch of Seynt George
be closed wyth ostrich boarde, and
clere storied, after such quantite
as the closure of pleyn horde there
now conteineth ;" and in the
Churchwarden's Accounts of St.
Mary Hill, London, " 1485, for
tymbre and estrichborde for gynnes
and wyndowes;" "1481, A
standyng bed made with es-
trychborde" — " A standyng bed
covvey with estricg horde of
beyond see makyng." — Nichols's
Illustrations of Ancient Times,
pp. 97, 118. This query is added
in a note, " If the same with
Eastland horde in the Ward,
robe Accounts of Edward I.,
p. 119, or horde de Eastland in
the Fcedera, iv., 730." To the
word " oster bord," which also
occurs in the Churchwarden's
Accounts of St. Mary Hill, Dr.
Pegge has added this note:
" Query Easter, from esterych,
i. e., wainscot." — Ibid., p. 263.

Parformed, 143.

" The valance of the sparver of
velvet, white and blue, and par-
fourmed with white satin." In
this sense " parfonned" seems to
mean made up, fitted up, com-
pleted. Palsgrave renders " par-
forme by " parfournys" as well
as by "je parforme." It seems
in one instance to be used in this
sense by Chaucer,

" For threttene is a Covent as

I gesse,
Your confessour here for his

worthinesse,

Shal parfourme up the noumbre
of his Covent." — Somptours Tale,
1. 7843. See PERFORMING,
p. 213, ante.
Paillet, 124, 131, 137.

Pallets, small beds, so called from
their being generally stuffed with
straw. The ticks only, which
were made of busk, are mentioned
in these Accounts :

" on a paillet all that

glade night,

By Troilus he laie." — Troilus
and Cressida, book iii., 1. 229.

In the inventory of Sir John
Fastolf's effects, among feather
beds, bolsters, materases, quilts,
&.C., in the chamber of Lady Mi-
licent Fastolf are " ij smale pay-
letts." — Archceologia, xxi., p. 269.
" The beddes and pay letts in the
king's chamber." — Liber Niger
damns regis Edward. IV., p. 22.
Certain officers were to have
" russhes and litter for theyre
payletts.''' — Ibid., p. 40.

" Stuffe for the pallet t bedd,"
" a mantle for the queene to
weare about her in her pallet;
and other things necessarie for the
same pallett." Articles for the
Regulation of Henry Vllth's
Household, p. 125, 126. A pallet
bed stood near the state or larger
bed in the chamber in which
the queen was confined. " In the
chamber where the queen is to
be delivered there must be a
royall bedd therein, the flore
laid with carpeth over and over,
with a faire pallett bed, with all
the stuff belonging thereto, with
a rich sperver hanging over,"
" a pallett by the bed arrayed ac-
cording to the bedd, with sheets
and paine, except the cloth of
gold on the paine to be of ano-
ther colour than that of the great
bedd, and over the pallett a large
sparver of crimson satin, &c." —
Ibid., p. 125.

Paled, 118, 132, 137, 140, 142,
143, 144.

Paleways, or in perpendicular
lines. The word is explained in
Todd's Johnson " striped, from
pale in heraldry."
Palfreys, 153.
Panes, 118, 137.

Variegated, composed of small
squares, generally applied to
counterpanes. It would appear
from p. 138 that " Pane" meant
any small division, written in the
form of a square or not. See p.
65 and 213 ante.
Paper, 128.

black, 125.

Paris and filyn, story of, worked
on arras, 132, 136, 142.
The inventory of the effects of
Henrv V. on the Rolls of Parlia-

INDEX AND NOTES.

ment, iv., 230, et seq., present
an idea of the various subjects
which were represented on arras
and tapestry in the fifteenth
century.

Parker of Dover, 164.

William, 164.

Two of the persons appointed to
wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Parr, Sir William, 159.

Son and heir of Sir John Parr.
He was born in 1434, and having
distinguished himself in the ser-
vice of Kdward IV., particularly
at Barnet field, he was made a
knight banneret, honoured with
the Garter, and was comptroller
of the king's household at that
monarch's decease, whose funeral
he attended. Sir William married
Elizabeth, daughter of Lord Fitz
Hugh, by whom he was father
of Sir Thomas, and of William
Baron Parr of Horton. Sir Tho-
mas, the eldest son, was father
of Queen Katherine Parr, and of
William Earl of Essex and Nor-
thampton.

Patens, pairs of, of leather, 119,
138, 146, 147.
Paten for a fote, galoche. — Pah-
grave. A pair then cost one shil-
ling.

Paylets.

SeePAILLETS.

Phillip, Agrieys, 123.

Thomas, 164.

One of the persons appointed to
wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Pillion, to make a, for the
Duchess of Burgundy, 163.

Fis candle, 121.

Although numerous examples of
the use of the term " P'is
candle," " Paris candle," " Peris
candle," and " Parisch candle"
have been found, its precise mean-
ing has not been ascertained.
" Prociphis,discis,platellis, salsar,
candel parts' et quatuour lib' cere
ad celebracionem divinorum in
capella, emptis'," &c. — Wardrobe
Accounts of the 28th Edward I.,
p. 137. The editor of that work
erroneously guesses that it

meant either a pair of candle-
sticks, or "Parisian," as Paris,
he adds, " is 201bs. weight or mea-
sure," but the authority for the
assertion does not bear out the
inference, for " Paris" in the
passages cited [page 351] clearly
refers to 20/. of money, i.e., money
struck at Paris which was worth
a fourth more than that struck
at Tours. Roquefort in voce
" Parisis."

" Of parisch candle viij doson
Ib. after xij d. the dosson." — Nor-
thumberland Household Book, p. 2.
" To make provision for iiij score
xj dosson ij Ib. of parisch candle
for the expensys of my house for
one hole yere after xij d. the
dosson," Ibid. p. 14. " The ser-
geant of the bakehouse etith in
the hall : his iyverey for all nyght
is one gallon ale ; wynter Iyverey,
one candyll wax, ij candy lies peris',
one talwood, one litter and
russhes," &c., " vj candelles wax,
viij peris'1, viij tallowe." Liber
Niger Domus Regis Edw. IV.,
1790, 4to., p. 56', 69. " Candells
peris," or " candelles perich,'" are
often mentioned in other parts of
those regulations, pp. 43, 44, 45,
&c. Peris' candles are not no-
ticed in the Regulations for the
Royal Household in any other
place than in the Liber Niger
above cited, but the same article
seems to be meant by " white
lights," in the Regulations of
the Households of George Duke
of Clarence, 9th Edward IV.,
and of Henry VII., A°. 1494.
" The groome porter shall fetche
noe woode, white lightes, ne wax,"
&c., pp. 90, 103, 141.

Pillows, 131, 137.

• beres of Holland cloth,

131, 137, 140.

Pillow cases. The word occurs
in Chaucer, and in many early
writers. " In his male he had a
pi/we here.'" Pro/off. Cant. Tales,
1. 696.

Pointmaker, John, 120.
A pointer of laces.

Points of various kinds, 117,

120, 130, 136, 149, 150, 166.

Points, or short tagged laces,

254

INDEX AND NOTES.

were strings or fastenings for
hosen. " Poynt for ones hose,
esquilette." — Palsgrave. Those
mentioned in these accounts were
generally of silk riband, pointed
with agletes of laton. Among
the effects of Henry V. were
380 " poyntes d'argent dorr',"
which were valued at 21. Is. 4d. ;
and seventeen small points, and
twelve large and six bosses " d' ar-
gent ennorez sauns laces." — Rot.
Parl. iv., 223, 225.

Powderings, 150.

• made of bogy leggs,

116.

of shanks, 134.

Small pieces of fur powdered
or sprinkled on others resem-
bling the spots on ermine. Pals-
grave has " powdred armijns a
furre, peau de ermyns."

Powdered meant sprinkled
over, and " powdered beef," i.e.,
beef sprinkled with salt, is still in
use. William Bruges, Garter
King of Arms, in his will in
1449, bequeaths " a chesible dia-
cones, for decones, or frees of
white clothe of gold powdred
with garters." " A pair of vest-
ments of white damask, powdered
with bears and ragged staves of
gold," Will of Elizabeth Lady
Latimer, 1480. Testamenta Ve-
tusta, pp. 266, 356, and many
other instances might be cited.
See Index to that work, pp. 853,
855, 857.
Puke, 120, 148, 150, 151.

Puke is explained in Todd's John-
son, to mean a colour "between
black and russet, now called puce,
and which is proved by the ex-
amples there cited ; but it is ma-
nifest, from these entries, that it
also meant a particular kind of
cloth : " hosen of puke ;" iij
quarters puke for to make iij
paire of hosen ;" " hosen ij paire
grene," " ij paire blac puke."
From the manner in which the
word occurs in the History of Hen-
grave, it is doubtful whether it
there means the colour or the ma-
terial, for immediately after
gowns of scarlet, violet, sad-co-
lour, and russet, follow " an olde
gowne of puke furred with

badger coarse;" " an olde gowne
of puke forefaced with velvitt,
and lyned with satten of cypress."
—p. 117-
Pursuivant.

See HASTINGS.

Pykering, John, 116.

Citizen and mercer of London.

Pyne, Thomas, 164.

One of the persons appointed to
wait on the Duchess of Burgundy.

Queen, the, a gown given to,

159.
• her chamber in the Great

Wardrobe, 127.
Quarterons, i.e., quarters, 153.

Ratcliff, Sir James, 164, 165.

Knight of the king's body. He
was appointed to attend on the
Duchess of Burgundy on her
visit to this country, and received
a yard of blue and a yard of
purple velvet for his jacket on the
occasion. Sir James bore the
banner of Our Lady at the fune-
ral of Edward IV — Archceologia,
i., 350.

Rawson, Richard, alderman of
London, 116.

Ray velvet, 132, 136, and sespe.
Striped velvet. " To my Lord
Percy for his lyvery a yerde of
narowe violet cloth and a yerde of
narow rayd cloth." — Northumber-
land Household Book, p. 347.

Rentgeder of the wardrobe, 170.
The rent-gatherer.

Repairs of the tenement be-
longing to the wardrobe, 127.

Reynford, Humphrey, 164.

One of the persons sent to attend
on the Duchess of Burgundy.

Ribands, various, 117, 118, 136,
140, 142, 143, 144, 149, 150,
166.
Richmond, Roger, 164.

One of the persons appointed to
wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Rings of various kinds, 119,
126,138, 144.

INDEX AND NOTES.

255

Either, William, 163.

One of the individuals sent to
wait on the Duchess of Burgundy.
From his being allowed a servant
he must have been a person of
condition, and was probably the
William Ryder, one of the yeo-
men ushers who attended Ed-
ward's funeral. — Arckceologia, i.,
353.

Rivers, Earl, 161, 163.

Anthony Wydville Lord Scales,
second Earl Rivers, K.G., the
king's brother-in-law; he was
beheaded 1483, and died s. P.

Robeux, query rubbish, 121.

Robes, furring the king's, 120.

office of the, 146.

Roses, embroidered on various
articles, 117, 118, 119, 136,
137, 143, 144,152.
The frequent occurrence of a rose
is explained by its being the fa-
vourite badge of the house of
York.

Rudde, 117.

Ruddeur, garters of, 124, 136,
161.

No other example of the use of
the word " rudde" has been found,
excepting in Chaucer, and where
it is presumed to mean com-
plexion.

" His lippes red as rose,
His rudde is like scarlet in
grain, &c." — Rime of Sir
Thopas, 13657 5 and in a similar
sense in the Miller's Tale.

" His rode was red his eyen
grey as goos," 1. 3317.

In these accounts rudde and rud-
deur evidently meant the material
of which the garters were made.

Rushes, burdens of, 121, 126,

Rooms were strewed with rushes
so lately as the reign of Elizabeth.
Archdeacon Nares in his Glossary
has cited many passages from our
early poets on the subject.

Ryder, Thomas, 164.

One of the persons appointed to
wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Rysley, John, 158.

An esquire of the king's body:
he attended Edward IV. 's fune-
ral.— Archaohgia, i., 350, 352.

In the Act of Resumption 13th
Edward IV., a John Rysley,
Esq. was protected from its ef-
fects, and he was probably the Sir
John Rysley, Knight, whose at-
tainder in the 1st Richard III. was
reversed in the 1st Henry VII.,
and who was steward of the fran-
chises of the Duchy of Lancaster
in the counties of Herts and
Essex, &c. ; was one of the
king's feoffees 7th Henry VII. ;
and who is afterwards often men-
tioned on the Rolls of Parlia-
ment.—/fo/. Parl., vi., 84, 274,
355, 444, 473, 474, 510,540, 531.

Sables, 120, 129, 134, 148.

Saddles, for making, 125.

of estate, 154.

covering of, 154, 155.

Saddlers, 125.

St. Andrew, church of, near
Baynard's Castle, 127.

Sambrooke, Henry, 164.

One of the persons appointed to
attend on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Sand, 127.

Sarsenetts, for, 116, 117, 124,
125, 129, 133, 135, 141, 144,

147, 148, 156, 167.

Satins, 115, 116, 129, 133, 146,

148, 149, 150,156, 157,158,
161, 165, 166, 167.

seized, pursuant to a sta-
tute, 122, 133.
Scales, pair of, 131.
Scarlet cloth, 115, 133, 143.

twelve yards of, to a

yeoman of the crown to per-
form the king's pleasure, and
to deliver it to such persons
as the king had commanded
him, 162.

This present seems to have been
a secret one.
Scopeham, Richard, 164.

One of the persons appointed to

256

INDEX AND NOTES.

wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Servants, the king's, appointed
to attend the Duchess of Bur-
gundy, 163, 164.
All of them received jackets of
woollen cloth of the royal livery,
murrey, and blue.

Selys, — goldsmith, 119.
Shanks, 134.

Skins of the legs of animals.
Shapster, Alice, 122.

Apparently a sempstress and

laundress.

Sheldone, Richard, 170.

One of the auditors of the Ex-
chequer. See CLERK, ante.

Sheets of various sizes and
kinds, 121, 122, 124, 130,
132, 135, 140, 141, 143, 144,
149,150, 151, 152.

See HEAD SHEETS and FOOT

SHEETS.

Shirts, 148, 166.

— — • for making and washing,

122.
Shoon, shoes of various kinds

and prices, 118, 138, 146,

147, 148, 149,151, 157,159,

166.

Shukburgh, William, 141.
A mercer.

Silks, 115, 129, 130, 143, 149,
152, 156, 158.

sewing, 117, 136.

Skins, divers, 116.

Skinners, wages of, 120, 128.

Skinnery, office of the, 131, 137,
146.

Slippers, 118, 138, 148, 166.

Sloppes of various kinds, 118,
138, 146, 147, 148, 151.
Slops are explained in most glos-
saries and dictionaries to mean
trowsers, and there can be as little
doubt of the fact, as that in the
reign of Edward IV., slop was
also the name of a kind of shoe.
That they were not slippers is
evident, as shoon, slops, and slip-
pers occur in the same entries as

distinct articles. Palsgrave in
1530 has " sloppe anight gown ;"
and " sloppes hosyn," which he
translates by " brayes a mari-
nier," thus agreeing with the
generally received meaning of the
word at present. Sloppes is twice
used by Chaucer, and each time
for a sort of breeches. Sloppe
likewise meant " a mourning
cassocke for ladies and gentlemen,
not open before, and it thus oc-
curs in " liveries for noblemen
and gentlemen" at funerals : " a
duke to have for his gowne, sloppe,
and mantell sixteen yards ;" the
same quantity was allowed for the
"gown, slop, and mantle" of a
marquis, and fourteen yards for
those of an earl, but a viscount
was only allowed cloth for his
gown and mantle, and no allow-
ance was made for sloppes to any
inferior person. — Strutt's Dresses
and Habits, ii., 323. See also
pp. 337, 338. In p. 345, he cites
the entries in these Accounts to
prove that the ancient estivales
or buskins were what was then
meant by slops.

Shoon, sloppe, and botews are
frequently mentioned in the ac-
count of articles delivered from
the Great Wardrobe for the coro-
nation of Richard III. — Antiqua-
rian Repertory, ed. 18075 vol. i.,
pp: 42, 50, &c.

Smiths, 127.

Smythson, Thomas, 164.

One of the persons appointed to
wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Socks, 118, 138, 148.

See p. 223, ante.

Spangles, 115, 119, 124, 138,
153.

See p. 223.

Sparowe, Thomas, 164.

One of the persons appointed to
attend the Duchess of Burgundy.

Sparvers, 129, 131, 132, 135,
142, 143, 144.

A sparver is said by Archdeacon
Nares " to be the canopy or tes-
tor of a bed," which agrees with
the passages he has cited :

INDEX AND NOTES.

257

as quiet sleeps in a bed of cloth as
under a sparver of tisshue."— Ha-
ringfon. "In silken sparvers, beds
of down."— Ibid. ; and with the no-
tices of a sparver in the Regu-
lations for " the Deliverance of a
Queene temp. Henry VII.," but
which is there erroneously printed
"sperwer ;" " a royal bedde, with a
faire pallett bedde with a rich
sperver hanging over." " Over
the pallett a large sperver of
crimson satin, with a bowle of
gould or silver and guilt ; and
above the openinge of the same
sperver to be embrothered the
king's and queen's armes, and
the residue withcrownes of gold."
— p. 125. See also pp. 126, 127.

At the conclusions of directions
for making the king's bed, temp.
Henry VIII., printed in that
volume, is this passage, "And so
then every of them sticke up the
aungel about the bedde and to
lette downe the corteyns of the
sayd bedde or sparver?' — Archce-
ologia, iv., 313, where a sparver
is erroneously explained to be "a
camp or turn-up bed."

Ann, Duchess of Buckingham,
in 1480, bequeathed a sparver of
red velvet party gold with a
counterpart to the same of scar-
let. And Sir Edward Poinings,
in his will in 1521, speaks of " a
sparver of silk with curtains of
the same."

Among the effects of Henry
V. was an " Esparver palez de tar-
tarin vert, blanc et vermaille, de
novel facion pris 40s."— Rot. Parl.,
iv. 231. The notices of sparvers
in these Accounts afford a perfect
idea of their appearance, and
prove that they were, in fact, the
whole of the frame work of a bed
to which the curtains, valances,
&c., were attached, and were not
the canopy or tester only. —See
more particularly the description
of them in pages 142, 143.

Speringchain, for the king's car,

123.
Sprigs for, 122.

A brad or nail without a head.

Spurs, hunting, 148.

Spurs, pairs of, of various kinds,
119, 138, 150.

Stable, office of the, 153.

Standishes, with weights and
scales, 131.

Stanes, Thomas, porter of the
wardrobe, 170.

Stanley, Edward, cupbearer to
the king, 157.

Probably the Sir Edward Stanley
of Hornby, fifth son of Thomas,
first Earl of Derby, who, for his
services at Flodden field, was
created Lord Mounteagle in 1514 :
he was a Knight of the Garter,
and died in 1523.

Stanhope, Thomas, 164.

One of the persons appointed to
wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Staple of Calais, 133.

Stationer, 125.

Stomachers, 122, 148, 150, 166.

The placard or stomacher, for the
terms are synonymous, is an
article of dress that frequently
occurs in the Inventories of the
Wardrobe of Henry VIII., in
the Harleian MS. 1419. Half a
yard of stuff was always allowed
for the king's placard, and the
same quantity for the stomacher,
whether it belonged to the king
or queen. The placards were
made of cloth of gold, cloth of
tissue, satin, and other rich ma-
terials, and were frequently adorn-
ed with jewels. They were used
with the gown as well as with
the coat and jacket, and were
sometimes laced over it, so as to
resemble the front of a woman's
stays." — Strutt's Dresses and Ha-
bits, ii., 361, 376. Horda, iii.,
75, 80. Among the apparel de-
livered to Richard III. for his
coronation, was "a doublet made
of two yerdes and a quarter, and
a half of blue clothe of gold
wroght with netts and pyne
apples, with a stomacher of the
same lined with oon ell of Hol-
land cloth, and oon ell of busk,
instede of green clothe of gold."
— Arctueologia, i., 368.

" Four stomachers of satten of
2 L

258

INDEX AND NOTES.

carnation, crymson, white and
blacke coloures, every of them
lyned with the same satten," are
mentioned in an order to deliver
certain articles out of Henry
VIII.'s Great Wardrobe in 1535.
Archceologia, ix., 247- In the
Privy Purse Expenses of Henry
VII., 6s. 8d. are said to have been
paid for a stomacher, and for "an
Estrych skynne for a stomacher,
I/. 4«." It appears from these
Accounts that stomachers were
sometimes also made of linen,
and were washed, as well as of
black satin. Palsgrave translates
"• stomacher for ones brest" by
" estomachier."

Stirrups, 123.

Summer clothing of divers offi-
cers, 169.

Certain of the officers of the
king's household, and persons at-
tending on his person, were en-
titled to clothes termed liveries,
twice in the year for winter and
summer.

Suns embroidered on various
articles, 118, 137.

See CROWNS, ante.
Sutton, Mr., 121.

At his house the ambassadors of

France were lodged.

Surcingles, 125.

Tables, 131, 139.

Table clothes, 131, 139.

Tailloury, office of the, 146.

Tallow chandler, 121.

Tapestry, pieces of, 120, 130,
136, 137.

Tapettes, 143, 144.

Tapets, it appears from p 144, was
another name for costerings. See
COSTERS. In the Privy Purse
Expenses of Henry fill., A°. 1,
is an entry of 20A " for embroider-
ing diverse lappets for the king's
new gallery," and of 31. " for fif-
teen tapetts made for windows in
the Tower." — Additional MS.
in the British Museum, 7100.
In the Inventory of Sir John
Fastolf's effects are " ij tapettis
with c\ow&es."-Arc/iceolngia, xxi.,

p. 265. Among the effects of
Henry V. were numerous tapettes,
some with curtains, and some
without ; they were generally
made of worsted : also tapets em-
broidered with various histories
and legends—Rot. Par/., iv., 231 ,
et seq.

Joan Lady Bergavennyin 1434
bequeathed a bed of velvet white
and black paled, with cushions,
tapettes, and forms that belong to
the same bed, and another bed
of blue baudkin, with cushions,
tapettes of worsted and forms,
&c.

Tapet hooks, 120, 121, 138,
145.

Hooks belonging to tapets.
Tartarin, 117, 129, 135, 169.
Tassels, 117, 125, 136, 152.
Tawyer, a, for tawing of furs,
121.

" Tawer, a dresser of leather."
" To taw, to dress white leather,
commonly called alum leather, in
contradistinction from tan leather,
that which is dressed with bark."
Todd's Johnson.

" I tawe leather as a curryer
doeth, je courroye. This oxe hide
is not well tawed." "I/atoeathyng
that is styffe to make it soft, je
souple. It is styffe yet, but tawe
it a lytell — " — Palsgrave. In the
sense in which taw is used in
these accounts it appeal's to mean
dressing furs.

Tay, — , esquire of the body,
164, 165.

He was appointed to wait on the
Duchess of Burgundy, and re-
ceived a complete harness and
materials for his jacket, on the
occasion. He was probably the
William Tay, Esq., son and heir
of Robert Tay, who obtained a
license from the king in the 23d
Edward IV.-Calend. Rot. Patent.,
p. 327.
Taylor, sergeant, 155.

George Lufkyn.

Taylors, wages of, 120, 128.
Tentor hooks, 120, 138, 145.
Testours of sparvers, 132, 141,
142, 143.

INDEX AND NOTES.

259

Thread, 118, 125, 128, 131,
140, 142, 143, 144, 146, 149,
151.

Thorneton, William, 164.
Thwaytes, Thomas, 164.

Two of the persons appointed to
wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Ticks for beds, 118, 130, 137.
Timbres of skins, 129, 133, 150.
A timber is forty skins. — Blount.

Tippets of black velvet, 146,
149, 151, 166.

See p. 227.

Titus Livius, a book so called,
125, 152.

See BOOKS.
Tod, Richard, 164.

One of the persons appointed to

wait on the Duchess of Bur-

gundy.

Topfeld, John, 168.

One of the king's footmen.

Towels, 131, 138.

Travasses, or travers, 126, 132,
136, 142, 144.

A kind of screen with curtains,
used in chapels, halls, and other
large rooms. In the account of
the ceremony of " creepinge to
the crosse" traverses are thus no-
ticed : —

" First the king to come to the
chapel or closet, and there to tarry
in his traverse until the bishop,"
&c. ; " and this done the queen
shall come downe out of her closet
or traverse into the chapel," &c.,
and then go again to her closet or
traverse.— Northumberland House-
hold Book, ed. 1827, p. 436, 437.
Dr. Nicholas West, in a letter to
Henry VIII., says, " Wednesday
I went to Holyrode House wher
the kyng herd masse in a chapell
without any traverse" which the
editor erroneously explains to be
" a retired seat with lattice
work." — Ellis's Original Letters,
First Series, i., 68.

" The clerke of the closette
prepareth all thinges for the
stuffe of the aultres to be redy,
and taking upp the traverse;

laying the cusshyns necessary for
the king and the chapleyns,"
&c. — Liber Niger Domus Regis
Edward. IV., p. 51.

" We will that our sonne in
his chambre and for all night
lyverye to be sette, the traverse
drawne anone upon eight of the
clocke ; and all persons from
thence to be avoided." — Regula-
tions for the Household of Ed-
ward Prince of Wales, 13th
Edward IV., p. 28. Traverses oc-
cur among the effects of Henry V.
in the Rolls of Parliament. Cicely,
Duchess of York, in 1495 gave
her son William a traverse of
white sarsinet, and to her daugh-
ter Katherine a traverse of blue
satin ; and Katherine Lady Hast-
ings in 1503 bequeathed a tra-
verse of blue sarsinet.

Trays for horses, garnished, 123.

Treasurer, under, the, 14 L
John Wood.

Trestels, 131, 138.

Trussing, 145.

See pages 228 and 246.

Underwood, Ralph, 121.
A wire-drawer.

Ustewaye, Thomas, 164..

One of the persons appointed to
wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Utnard thread, 118.

Utter margin, 149, i. e., lower
margin, see p. 155.

Vaghan, Thomas ap Roger, 165.
One of the gentlemen appointed
to wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Valances, 132, 142, 143.

Vere, Lord George, 131.

Probably Sir George Vere, bro-
ther of John, thirteenth Earl of
Oxford, and father of John, four-
teenth earl. He was a person of
some importance, but no cause
has been discovered which ex-
plains the reason of escutcheons
of his arms being in the Great
Wardrobe.

Velvets, 115, divers kinds of,
2 L 2

260

INDEX AND NOTES.

116, 125, 129, 132, 134,146,
147,148, 149, 150, 151,152,
153, 154, 155, 156, 157,158,
159, 161, 165, 166, 167.

Venice gold, 136, 163.

Verdours, 121, 137, 146.

A particular kind of stuff, per-
haps green baize ; but the word
has not been found in any glos-
sary. Lady Hastings in 1503
bequeathed " all the pieces of
hangings of verd that now hang
in niy chamber and in the par-
lour."

Veysy, Alice, 127.
A tradeswoman.

Violet, ingrain, 169.

Vraulx, Piers de, 115.

A merchant of Mountpelier in
Gascony.

Wages of divers persons, 120,
127, 128.

Wales, Edward, Prince of, 160.
Afterwards Kjng Edward V.,
whose unhappy fate renders him
one of the most interesting per-
sonages in our history. This en-
try relates to the delivery of five
yards of white cloth of gold tis-
sue for a gown for him. He was
at that time about ten years of
age, having been born on the 14th
November 1470.

Walforde, John, 164.

Walker, Henry, 164.

Walyngton, Osborne, 164.

These three persons were ap-
pointed, with several others, to
wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy on her visit to this coun-
try.

Wards, clothing of the king's,

155, 165.
Wardrobe, clerk of the, 169.

William Misterton.
» keeper and clerk of,

his fees, 128.

porter of, 170.

Thomas Stanes.
rent gatherer of man-
sions and tenements belong-
ing to the, 170.

Wardrobe, revenues of the, 115.

• yeomen tailors of,

170.

William Dunkan, William Halle.

Warner, James, 164.

One of the persons appointed to
wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Warwick, Earl of, 157, 158.

Edward Plantagenet, the king's
nephew, son and heir of George,
Duke of Clarence. This young
prince bore the title of Warwick,
probably in right of his grand-
mother, Anne, wife of Richard
Nevill, who was created Earl
of Warwick to him and his heirs
by the said Anne in 1449. Hewas
then about ten years of age, and
appears to have been clothed at
the king's expense, though the
only notice of him in these ac-
counts is the delivery of shoes
and boteuz for his use. An ob-
ject of suspicion both to Richard
III. and Henry VII., he was im-
prisoned by each; and he ultimate-
ly fell a victim to the jealousy of
the latter monarch on a charge of
high treason, being beheaded on
Tower Hill 28th November,
1499, aged twenty-nine. In him
expired the last male of the house
of Plantagenet.

Washing, for, 121.

Water flowers, 115, 119.

Ornaments made in the form of
water flowers. There is cause to
believe that a water flower was
the badge of Elizabeth Wydville,
queen of Edward IV., as the
back ground of her arms in the
window of the north transept of
Canterbury Cathedral is semee
of flowers gules, stemmed and
leaved vert. — Willement's He-
raldic Notices of Canterbury Cat he-
drai, p. 35. If these flowers were
intended for water flowers, the use
of ornaments in that form is at
once accounted for. Water flowers
seem, however, to have been a
favourite device about this period,
as Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk,
in 1490, bequeathed her daughter
Marney " a chain of water-
flowers."

INDEX AND NOTES.

261

Watermen, 122.
Wax, sealing, 128.
Weights and scales, 131.
White, William, 121.
A tallow-chandler.

Whitfeld, Nicholas, 164.

One of the persons appointed to
wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Williams, Thomas, parson of St.
Andrews, near Baynard's
Castle, 127.
Wilshawe, John, 164.
Wilson, Robert, 164.

Two of the persons appointed to
attend on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Windsor Castle, College of Our
Lady within, 156, 158, 159.

Wire drawer, a, 121.

for, 121.

Wode, John, under-treasurer,
140.

Wombes, 129, 134.

Query, the belly part of skins.

Woollen cloth, 129, 134.

• given to make

blankets, 144.

Worsley, James, 164.

One of the persons appointed to
wait on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy.

Worsted of various assizes and
sorts, 117, 129, 132, 135,
140, 141.

Wratone, Piers, 145.
Yeoman of the beds.

Wydeville, Sir Edward, 164,
165.

One of the knights of the king's
body, who was appointed to at-
tend on the Duchess of Bur-
gundy. He was probably the
uncle of the queen whom Dug-
dale says is generally but errone-
ously called " Lord Wydville."
He was keeper of the town and
castle of Porchester in the 19th

Edward IV., and was slain in Brit-
tany in July A° 3, Henry VII.,
being then governor of the Isle
of Wight, in which year he was
elected a Knight of the Garter,
but was never installed. Though
called the brother of Richard
Earl Rivers, it is much more pro-
bable that he was his younger
son, the Sir Edward Wydville,
brother of Anthony, second Earl
Rivers, who is mentioned in that
nobleman's will in 1483. Hall,
however, describes him as the
queen's uncle, and calls him a
" valiant captain and a bold
champion." Ed. 1809. 439.

Wyngfeld, Dame Ann, 157.

Query if Ann, daughter of Lord
Audley, and wife of Sir John
Wingfield, who was sheriff of
Norfolk in the 1st Richard III.,
and 8th Henry VII., and father
of Sir Anthony Wingfield, E.G.,
and ancestor of the baronets of
that name.

Yeoman of the crown, a, 162.

York, Richard, Duke of, 155,
156, 160, 161.
Richard Plantagenet, the king's
second son, who is supposed to
have been murdered in the Tower
with his brother, Edward the
Fifth. This unfortunate young
prince, who was born at Shrews-
bury, was about eight years
of age when the articles here
noticed were delivered for his
use. On the 15th January 1477,
he married Ann Mowbray, the
daughter and sole heiress of John
Duke of Norfolk, &c., and was
created Duke of Norfolk, his
titles being, in the 19th Edward
IV., " Duke of York and Nor-
folk, Earl Warren, Surrey, and
Nottingham, Earl Marshal, and
Marshal of England, Lord Se-
grave, Mowbray, and Gower,
Lieutenant of Ireland." He was
made a Knight of the Garter,
and one of the entries in these
Accounts is for the delivery of the
robes of the Order.

ADDITIONAL NOTES.

CARS, CHAIRS, LITTERS, CHA-
RIOTS, and WAINS.
One of the very few papers of
any value in the Archceologia, is
an essay on the early use of car-
riages in England, in the 20th
volume, by Mr. Markland, and
to which reference may be re-
commended for valuable infor-
mation. The only carriages no-
ticed in these Accounts, or in the
Wardrobe Accounts of Edward
IV., are

The Queen's Charre, for which
axletrees, nails, grease, stirrups,
and five yards of cotton russet,
&c., were bought in March 1503,
pp. 103,104.

The close car of the Queen's

wardrobe, pp. 16, 34, 46.
The Wain, p. 46.
The Chariot, p. 51.
The King's Car, in 1480, pp.

122, 123, 125.

A Litter of blue velvet lined
•with sarcenet, with blue da-
mask cushions, and bordered
with satin figure, given to a
Spanish lady, p. 69. Iron
pins for the litter, p. 45.
A covering for a litter of
blue cloth of gold, with
blue damask, with chevrons
lined with crimson damask,
cushions, &c., p. 28.
On each of these vehicles a few
remarks will be submitted.
The QUEEN'S CnARE.-Though
sometimes confounded, a Chare
and a Car were very different
articles. A Char, Mr. Markland
observes, " differed in nothing
from the ancient horse litter,
than in having wheels and some-
times a roof : it is of very early
origin in this country, and was
probably the parent of close car-
riages ;" he adds, " that it was
rarely if ever used but on occa-
sions of ceremony, or in cases of
sickness." The Northumberland
Household Book, and other autho-
rities, justify however the belief
that it was always used by ladies,
if not by men in travelling, when

the horse litter was not employed.
" Horse lyters and chairs" formed
part of the Earl of Northumber-
land's establishment in 1512. Ed.
1827, p- 351; and to the many
proofs adduced by Mr. Markland,
of the use and description of
Chares, the following, which cor-
roborate his statements, may be
acceptable. In a Chronicle writ-
ten in the 15th century, the word
is thus used, " An. 2. Hen. VI.
the King was borne toward his
modir chare, and he schrikedand
cryed, and sprang, and wolde
nought be caryed forthere," —
"and on the Moneday he was borne
to the Chare" — " on Wednesday
he cam to London in his moder
barm in the Chare, rood through
London." Chronicle of London,
p. 112. In 1434, Joan Lady
Bergavenny speaks in her will
of " her hearse, her Chare, and
other convenable piirveyance,"
being made for her funeral, and
bequeaths to her son Sir James
Ormond, three of her best horses
in her Chare; to John his bro-
ther, her next best ; and to Tho-
mas his brother the next best after
him ; and to John the sixth best.
In 1495, Cecily Duchess of York,
mother of Edward the Fourth,
bequeathed to her daughter the
Duchess of Suffolk, her Chair with
the covering, ail her cushions, horses
and harnesses for the same, with
all her palfreys. The word also
occurs in the account of the fu-
neral of Edward the Fourth in a
manner which illustrates the ar-
ticle meant by it. " make

an ymage like hym clothed in a
surcote with a mantell of estate,
the laces goodly lying on his belly,
his sceptre in his hand, and a
crowne on his hed, and so cary
him in a Chare open, with lights
and baners." ." And when the
masse was don, and all other
solempnite, and that the lordes
were ready for to ryde, ther was
ordeyned a rioall Char covered
with blak velvet, having abive
that a blak clothe of gold with a

ADDITIONAL NOTES.

263

white cross of gold, under that a
mageste clothe of blak sarsenet,
drawen with vj corsers, trapped
with blac velvet with certeyn
scochens betyn upon sarsenet
betyn with fine gold. Apon the
fore horse and the thill horse sate
ij CAaretmen, and on the iiij oder
horse sat iiij henshmen." Archce-
loffia, i. 349, 351. It may be
easily imagined that Chares ad-
mitted of ornament, and were
often very splendid ; and in the
preparations for the reception of
Katherine of Arragon, in 1502,
it was ordered that Five charres
diversely apparelled for the ladies
and gentlemen, be ready, whereof
one of the chief must be richly
apparelled and garnished for the
Princess.

But the most minute descrip-
tions of Chairs occur in the Ac-
count of Stuff delivered for the
Coronation of Richard III.

" The queen's ' chiefe chare'
was covered aforehand with cloth
of gold crymysyn of the Kyngs
own store ; v paire of draughts
were newe covered with xxx yerds
of crymysyn cloth of gold," and
" iij sadels for the same chief
chare" were also " covered in vj
yerds of crymysyn cloth of gold."
" For the garnysshing of the
said chief chare" were used
" iij unces of ryban of venys
gold, and ix unces j quartern of
ryban of sylk, and ij Ib. ij unces
frenge of silk purpull." The
body of the second chare was
" covered in vij yerds di of crymy-
syn velvet, v pair of draughts
for the same" were " covered in
xxx yerds of crymysyn velvet :"
the upper covering consisted of
" xiij yerds of velvet crymysyn,"
and *' for the lyning of the chare
barneys, for the lyning of the
second chare within ; and for iij
covertours of the said chief chare,
the second chare, and the third
chare, xxxix yerds and a quarter
cloths" were delivered out of the
Wardrobe. The materials for the
third " chare" are then enume-
rated, but differ little from the
preceding : " iij cered cloths" are
however noticed, as having been

used " for to cover the said chief
second and third chares for the
weder," also materasses " to lye
in the bothams of them," and
" for the garnysshing of the for.
saide chares xlij Ib. of small gilt
nailles, andxc grete gilt nailles."
— Antiquarian Repertory, i., 43,
et seq.

THE CAR was, according to Pals-
grave, in his Esclarcissement de
la Langue Francoyse, printed in
1530, " a lytell carte with two
wheles," which agrees with the
notices of Cars in these accounts.
They were evidently covered
with bare hides, and were used
for the conveyance of light goods,
for which purpose one was at-
tached to the office of the Ward-
robe of the Queen's robes; and
in 1480, the King's carmen were
paid a reward " for awaiteng
uppon certen of the King's
books, put in the King's car,"
p. 125. Whether Cars were
ever used for conveying indivi-
duals of rank is uncertain ; and
from Mr. Markland's not noticing
them, it would seem that he con-
sidered them merely as a kind
of cart, and consequently as not
coming within his object. That
a Car and Charre were distinct
articles, is also shown by this
entry in the Northumberland
Household book, " My Lord usitb.
ande acustomyth to pay yerly owt
of his Lordship's coffures to him
that standith chargede with the
kepynge of his Lordshipis cariages
yerly, viz. — Horslyters, chayers,
close carres, charryats, and cards."
Ed. 1827, P- 351. " My Lords
carre of Arom " is mentioned in
the same page. It is remarkable
that Palsgrave should give no
other explanation of chair than
" chayre to sytte in," whilst
car, cart and charyett are thus
noticed : —

" Carre, a carte, chariot.
Carre, a lytell carte with two

wheles, char.
Carte, charette.
Charret, curre.
Charryet, chariot"
And it is equally singular that
the Promptorium Parvulorum in

264

ADDITIONAL NOTES.

the Harleian MS. 221, which
was compiled in 1440, contains
no other explanation of chare,
than Currus, Quadriga, which it
appears was synonymous with
charyett, whilst car and cart
seem to have been deemed the
same thing : —

" Carre, Carte, carrua, currus.
Carre, or lytylle carte that oone
hors drawythe, Monolosinus.
Cath. (t. e. Catholicon of John
of Genoa.)
Chayere, cathedra.
Chare, currus, quadriga.
Charyett, supra in chare.
THE LITTER, one of the most
ancient modes of travelling, was
continued for some time after the
introduction of coaches, and is
well described by Mr. Markland.
He says,

" Perhaps the chief distinction
between a horse litter and a
' chare,' in point of construc-
tion, consisted in the former
being without wheels. In one of
the illustrations to Mr. Johnes's
translation of Monstrelet, the
plate, No. 7) (entitled ' the Entry
of Eleanor of Austria, Queen to
Francis I. into Toulouse,') seems
intended to convey the represen-
tation of a litter lashed on the
backs of two horses, one before
and the other behind, and covered
by a canopy carried by eight at-
tendants.

" It may be further observed,
that the litter appears to have
been the more dignified carriage,
and was generally used on state
occasions only as a conveyance
for a single personage of high
distinction ; whilst the chare was
employed on journeys as well as
in processions, and usually ac-
commodated several persons of
inferior rank. Thus on the de-
parture of Queen Margaret,
daughter of Henry VII., to Scot-
land, she is described as riding on
a " faire palfrey," but after her
was " convayd by two footmen
one varey riche litere, borne by
two faire coursers varey nobly
drest, in the wich litere the sayd
qwene was borne in the intrynyof
ike good townes, or otherways to

her good playsur." — Archteologia,
xx., 447-

In the " Ordinance for the re-
ceaving of a Queene, and the co-
ronation of her," temp' Henry
VII., A°. 1494, a litter is thus
described :

" A Litter must be ordayned
for her, covered with white da-
maske or white cloth of gould,
and the horses trapped with the
same saddle, and with five cushens
of the same sute, twoe longe and
three shorte ; and in the bottom
of the litter a materis of white,
with damaske or white cloth of
gould with white tartarone
alofte." — p. 123.

In an account of the stuff de-
livered for the coronation proces-
sion of Anne, Queen of Richard
III., the "lyter" in which she
rode from the Tower to West-
minster is described as having
been "covered in xvj yerds and
iij quarters of white cloth of
gold, and lyned within with iij
yerds of white damask of sylk
garnyssht with iij unces di' of
ryban of gold of venys, and ix
unces of ryban of silk, and ij Ib.
xij unces of frenge of white silk."
The sadels of the same liter were
also covered with " white cloth
of gold," and a matras put in the
bothom in the same liter was
" covered in ij yerds di' and quar-
ter of white damask and a cered
cloth ;" two trappours for two
coursours conveying the said liter
are also noticed. — Antiquarian
Repertory, i., 43.
A CHARIOT was unquestionably
a large waggon drawn by six
or seven horses of the stronger
kind, called on that account
'' large trotting horses ;" the
chariot men or waggoners who
accompanied it, had a nag or
smaller horse allowed them to
ride by its side. Northumber-
land Household Booh, Archceologia,
xx. 449, 450. Privy Purs- Ex-
penses of Henry nil. p. 309.

In the Ordinance of the House-
hold of George, Duke of Cla-
rence, in the 8th Edward IV.,
1469, the following provisions are
made for the Chair, Litter, and

ADDITIONAL NOTES.

265

chariot, " v carre horses and ij
keepers'; vij charriotte horses."

For the Princess, v coursers for
the chaire, and to them iij groomes
with iij hakneys ; ij coursers for
the litter, and to them j groome
with one hakneye. — p. 99, 100.
A WAIN does not require to be
described. The hire of three wayns
for carrying three tons of beer, &c.
from Burrowbridge to Topclyf in
1512, was eight pence for each
wayne. — Northumberland House-
hold Book, p. 138. Sir Thomas
Lyttelton, Knight, one of the
Judges of the Common Pleas,
bequeathed in 1481 to his wife,
his best plough with all apparyl
thereto, ten of his best plough
oxen, and his best wain, and to
William Lyttelton, his second
son, his second best wain, two
ploughs and ten oxen.

COTTON, SIR ROGER, 189.

Sir Roger Cotton was Master of
the Horse to the Queen, and was
probably the husband of Margaret
Lady Cotton so often mentioned
in these Accounts. Leland's Col-
lectanea, iv. 239. Both he and

her were present at her Majesty's
Coronation. Ibid., 232, 233.

GREY, LADY KATHERINE, 199.

This Lady was one of the Queen's
Ladies of Honor. At her Ma-
jesty's Coronation it is said that
she and Mrs. Ditton went under
the table, where they sat on either
side of the Queen's feet all the
dinner time. Ibid., 226, 233.
GURDEN, LADY, 200.

Probably Lady Katherine Gordon,
daughter of the Earl of Iluntley,
and widow of Perkiii Warbeck.
Lady Katherine was present at
the betrothment of the Princess
Margaret to the King of Scots, in
St. Paul's, in January, 1502.
Ibid., 260. It appears from the
notice of her in page 54, that she
was attached to the Queen's per-
son, and attended her into Ox-
fordshire in November in that
year.

KATHERINE, LADY, 94.

The Princess Katherine, youngest
daughter of the Queen, in giving
birth to whom her Majesty died.
See KING'S DAUGHTER.

2 M

LONDON :

PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES,
Stamford-strwt.

DA Nicolas, (Sir) Nicholas

111 Harris

N53 Privy purse expenses of

Elizabeth of York

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